一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The writer Han Kang
2. Scientists
3. The water
4. Human
5. —Do you know the black hole at the center of the Milky Way?
—Yes. I think it's one of the
1. The writer Han Kang
published
(publish) her first book in 1998.2. Scientists
proved
(prove) that Earth goes around the Sun at last.3. The water
freezes
(freeze) into ice when the temperature is under 0℃.4. Human
beings
(being) can't live without air.5. —Do you know the black hole at the center of the Milky Way?
—Yes. I think it's one of the
strangest
(strange) things in the universe.答案
1. published 2. proved 3. freezes
4. beings 5. strangest
4. beings 5. strangest
解析
【分析】
1. 看到时间状语"in 1998"(过去的具体年份),确定用一般过去时,动词需用过去式,publish的过去式为published,故填该形式。
2. "at last"(最终)体现动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,prove的过去式为proved,故填该形式。
3. 句子描述客观事实(温度低于0℃水结冰),需用一般现在时;主语the water是不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数,freeze的三单形式为freezes,故填该形式。
4. human being是可数名词,此处泛指"人类",需用复数形式,故填beings。
5. 固定结构"one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数"表示"最……的……之一",strange的最高级为strangest,故填该形式。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语"in 1998"可知句子为一般过去时,动词publish的过去式是published,故答案为published。
2. 由"at last"可知动作发生在过去,句子用一般过去时,动词prove的过去式是proved,故答案为proved。
3. 本句描述客观真理,用一般现在时;主语the water为不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数,freeze的第三人称单数是freezes,故答案为freezes。
4. human being是可数名词,此处泛指"人类",需用复数形式,故答案为beings。
5. 固定句式"one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数"要求用形容词最高级,strange的最高级为strangest,故答案为strangest。
【答案】
1. published 2. proved 3. freezes 4. beings 5. strangest
【知识点】
一般过去时、一般现在时、形容词最高级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法的运用,涵盖时态判断、名词复数、形容词最高级等核心知识点,需结合时间标志、语境及固定结构分析,是巩固基础的典型题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 看到时间状语"in 1998"(过去的具体年份),确定用一般过去时,动词需用过去式,publish的过去式为published,故填该形式。
2. "at last"(最终)体现动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,prove的过去式为proved,故填该形式。
3. 句子描述客观事实(温度低于0℃水结冰),需用一般现在时;主语the water是不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数,freeze的三单形式为freezes,故填该形式。
4. human being是可数名词,此处泛指"人类",需用复数形式,故填beings。
5. 固定结构"one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数"表示"最……的……之一",strange的最高级为strangest,故填该形式。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语"in 1998"可知句子为一般过去时,动词publish的过去式是published,故答案为published。
2. 由"at last"可知动作发生在过去,句子用一般过去时,动词prove的过去式是proved,故答案为proved。
3. 本句描述客观真理,用一般现在时;主语the water为不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数,freeze的第三人称单数是freezes,故答案为freezes。
4. human being是可数名词,此处泛指"人类",需用复数形式,故答案为beings。
5. 固定句式"one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数"要求用形容词最高级,strange的最高级为strangest,故答案为strangest。
【答案】
1. published 2. proved 3. freezes 4. beings 5. strangest
【知识点】
一般过去时、一般现在时、形容词最高级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法的运用,涵盖时态判断、名词复数、形容词最高级等核心知识点,需结合时间标志、语境及固定结构分析,是巩固基础的典型题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
Luckily, the chicken
A.puts away
B.runs away
C.takes away
B
)1. The dog tries to catch the chicken.Luckily, the chicken
runs away
.A.puts away
B.runs away
C.takes away
答案
1. B
解析
【分析】
本题考查英语动词短语的词义辨析。解题时,先明确各选项动词短语的含义,再结合句子语境判断合适的短语:前半句说明狗试图抓鸡,后半句“Luckily”(幸运地)提示鸡应做出逃脱的动作,据此匹配正确选项。
【解析】
逐一分析选项:A选项“puts away”意为“收起;放好”;B选项“runs away”意为“逃跑”;C选项“takes away”意为“带走”。结合语境,狗要抓鸡,幸运的是鸡逃跑了,因此B选项符合句意。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
动词短语辨析
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇题,考查常用动词短语的词义区分,结合句子语境即可轻松选出答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题考查英语动词短语的词义辨析。解题时,先明确各选项动词短语的含义,再结合句子语境判断合适的短语:前半句说明狗试图抓鸡,后半句“Luckily”(幸运地)提示鸡应做出逃脱的动作,据此匹配正确选项。
【解析】
逐一分析选项:A选项“puts away”意为“收起;放好”;B选项“runs away”意为“逃跑”;C选项“takes away”意为“带走”。结合语境,狗要抓鸡,幸运的是鸡逃跑了,因此B选项符合句意。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
动词短语辨析
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇题,考查常用动词短语的词义区分,结合句子语境即可轻松选出答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
A.takes
B.costs
C.spends
A
)2. It takes
taikonauts less than 9 days to get to the moon by spaceship.A.takes
B.costs
C.spends
答案
2. A
解析
【分析】本题考查英语中表示“花费”的动词用法辨析。解题时需先明确三个动词的核心用法:take的常用结构为“It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.”,主语是形式主语it,真正主语是后面的不定式;cost的主语是物,搭配为“sth. costs sb. +金钱”;spend的主语是人,搭配为“sb. spends +时间/金钱+on sth./(in) doing sth.”。结合题目,主语是It,后面接时间和不定式结构,符合take的用法,据此判断选项。
【解析】根据动词用法规则,take适用于“It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.”结构,本题主语为形式主语It,后接时间less than 9 days和不定式to get to the moon,完全匹配take的用法;cost主语为物,spend主语为人,均不符合本题结构,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】英语动词用法;固定句型
【点评】本题是初中英语基础考点,考查“花费”类动词的搭配差异,需牢记不同动词的主语和结构要求,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】根据动词用法规则,take适用于“It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.”结构,本题主语为形式主语It,后接时间less than 9 days和不定式to get to the moon,完全匹配take的用法;cost主语为物,spend主语为人,均不符合本题结构,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】英语动词用法;固定句型
【点评】本题是初中英语基础考点,考查“花费”类动词的搭配差异,需牢记不同动词的主语和结构要求,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.6
(
A.so
B.very
C.much
A
)3. It is so
cold on Pluto that human beings can't live there.A.so
B.very
C.much
答案
3. A
解析
【分析】这道题考查英语固定句型的运用,需结合句子结构判断合适的选项。观察句子可知,后半部分有that引导的结果状语从句,需要用到能连接“程度+结果”的固定搭配。
【解析】“so...that...”是英语核心固定句型,结构为“so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句”,表示“如此……以至于……”,符合句中“cold(形容词)+ that从句”的结构;very无法与that搭配表结果,much多修饰比较级或不可数名词,不符合语境,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】so...that句型;形容词用法
【点评】本题考查基础固定句型,属于英语语法常考的基础知识点,需学生牢记so...that的结构规则。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】“so...that...”是英语核心固定句型,结构为“so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句”,表示“如此……以至于……”,符合句中“cold(形容词)+ that从句”的结构;very无法与that搭配表结果,much多修饰比较级或不可数名词,不符合语境,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】so...that句型;形容词用法
【点评】本题考查基础固定句型,属于英语语法常考的基础知识点,需学生牢记so...that的结构规则。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.large
B.larger
C.the largest
B
)4. The size of Venus is larger
than that of Mercury.A.large
B.larger
C.the largest
答案
4. B
解析
【分析】这道题考查形容词比较级的用法,句中的than是比较级的标志性词汇,说明要进行两者之间的比较,需使用形容词的比较级形式,据此分析选项即可选出正确答案。
【解析】句中关键词than意为“比”,用于两者间的比较,因此要使用形容词的比较级。A选项large是形容词原级,用于同级比较;B选项larger是large的比较级,符合比较语境;C选项the largest是形容词最高级,用于三者及以上的比较,不符合语境。所以选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词比较级
【点评】本题是基础的形容词比较级应用题目,核心是识别than这一比较级标志,难度较低,适合巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】句中关键词than意为“比”,用于两者间的比较,因此要使用形容词的比较级。A选项large是形容词原级,用于同级比较;B选项larger是large的比较级,符合比较语境;C选项the largest是形容词最高级,用于三者及以上的比较,不符合语境。所以选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词比较级
【点评】本题是基础的形容词比较级应用题目,核心是识别than这一比较级标志,难度较低,适合巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】0.8
(
A.far
B.farther
C.the farthest
C
)5. Among Earth, Mercury and Venus, Earth is the farthest
away from the Sun.A.far
B.farther
C.the farthest
答案
5. C
解析
【分析】首先明确题目中比较的范围是三个天体(地球、水星、金星),属于三者及以上的比较,此时需使用形容词的最高级形式;far的最高级为farthest,且最高级前通常要加定冠词the,据此判断正确选项。
【解析】句中比较对象为三个天体,属于三者及以上的范围,形容词需用最高级。far的最高级是farthest,最高级前需加定冠词the,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词最高级
【点评】本题考查形容词最高级的基本用法,核心是判断比较的数量范围,区分比较级与最高级的适用场景,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】句中比较对象为三个天体,属于三者及以上的范围,形容词需用最高级。far的最高级是farthest,最高级前需加定冠词the,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词最高级
【点评】本题考查形容词最高级的基本用法,核心是判断比较的数量范围,区分比较级与最高级的适用场景,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
三、书面表达
假设你是李华,喜欢探索太空,昨天晚上你通过望远镜观察了星星。请根据下面的提示信息,以“A Stargazing Experience”为题,写一篇英语短文,介绍你观察星星的经历。词数80个左右。
思路模板:

参考素材:
be interested in ...;look for;be easy to find;brightest in the sky;look like;use sth. to do sth.;far away;one day
注意事项:
1. 必须包含表格中的所有提示信息,可适当发挥;
2. 意思清楚,表达通顺,行文连贯,书写规范;
3. 开头已给出,不计入总词数。
A Stargazing Experience
Hello, my name is Li Hua. I am interested in exploring space.
假设你是李华,喜欢探索太空,昨天晚上你通过望远镜观察了星星。请根据下面的提示信息,以“A Stargazing Experience”为题,写一篇英语短文,介绍你观察星星的经历。词数80个左右。
思路模板:
参考素材:
be interested in ...;look for;be easy to find;brightest in the sky;look like;use sth. to do sth.;far away;one day
注意事项:
1. 必须包含表格中的所有提示信息,可适当发挥;
2. 意思清楚,表达通顺,行文连贯,书写规范;
3. 开头已给出,不计入总词数。
A Stargazing Experience
Hello, my name is Li Hua. I am interested in exploring space.
答案
参考范文
A Stargazing Experience
Hello, my name is Li Hua. I am interested in exploring space.
Last night, the weather was fine. There were so many stars in the sky. The stars were so clear. I watched them and looked for the Big Dipper and the North Star. They were easy to find because they were so bright in the sky. As everyone knows, the Big Dipper looks like a spoon. And I saw the "spoon" with my own eyes. Then I used a telescope to see more stars. They were far, far away and were colorful. I saw some stars white, some blue and some yellow. How amazing!
I hope I can travel to space one day.
A Stargazing Experience
Hello, my name is Li Hua. I am interested in exploring space.
Last night, the weather was fine. There were so many stars in the sky. The stars were so clear. I watched them and looked for the Big Dipper and the North Star. They were easy to find because they were so bright in the sky. As everyone knows, the Big Dipper looks like a spoon. And I saw the "spoon" with my own eyes. Then I used a telescope to see more stars. They were far, far away and were colorful. I saw some stars white, some blue and some yellow. How amazing!
I hope I can travel to space one day.
解析
【分析】本题要求以李华的身份写一篇题为“A Stargazing Experience”的英语短文,需包含表格中“last night”“watch stars like the Big Dipper and the North Star”“through the telescope”等关键信息,结合参考素材完成写作。解题思路:先衔接已给开头,说明昨晚的天气与星空情况,接着描述通过望远镜观星的过程,找到并介绍北斗星和北极星的特点,最后表达对太空探索的向往,确保内容连贯、要点齐全,符合词数要求。
【解析】根据题目要求,结合提示信息与参考素材,组织内容如下:
Last night, the weather was fine. There were so many stars in the sky. The stars were so clear. I watched them and looked for the Big Dipper and the North Star. They were easy to find because they were so bright in the sky. As everyone knows, the Big Dipper looks like a spoon. And I saw the "spoon" with my own eyes. Then I used a telescope to see more stars. They were far, far away and were colorful. I saw some stars white, some blue and some yellow. How amazing! I hope I can travel to space one day.
【答案】A Stargazing Experience
Hello, my name is Li Hua. I am interested in exploring space.
Last night, the weather was fine. There were so many stars in the sky. The stars were so clear. I watched them and looked for the Big Dipper and the North Star. They were easy to find because they were so bright in the sky. As everyone knows, the Big Dipper looks like a spoon. And I saw the "spoon" with my own eyes. Then I used a telescope to see more stars. They were far, far away and were colorful. I saw some stars white, some blue and some yellow. How amazing!
I hope I can travel to space one day.
【知识点】英语书面表达;话题作文(太空探索)
【点评】本文紧扣主题,完整覆盖题目要求的所有提示信息,合理运用参考素材,语句通顺连贯,行文自然,符合初中英语书面表达的要求。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】根据题目要求,结合提示信息与参考素材,组织内容如下:
Last night, the weather was fine. There were so many stars in the sky. The stars were so clear. I watched them and looked for the Big Dipper and the North Star. They were easy to find because they were so bright in the sky. As everyone knows, the Big Dipper looks like a spoon. And I saw the "spoon" with my own eyes. Then I used a telescope to see more stars. They were far, far away and were colorful. I saw some stars white, some blue and some yellow. How amazing! I hope I can travel to space one day.
【答案】A Stargazing Experience
Hello, my name is Li Hua. I am interested in exploring space.
Last night, the weather was fine. There were so many stars in the sky. The stars were so clear. I watched them and looked for the Big Dipper and the North Star. They were easy to find because they were so bright in the sky. As everyone knows, the Big Dipper looks like a spoon. And I saw the "spoon" with my own eyes. Then I used a telescope to see more stars. They were far, far away and were colorful. I saw some stars white, some blue and some yellow. How amazing!
I hope I can travel to space one day.
【知识点】英语书面表达;话题作文(太空探索)
【点评】本文紧扣主题,完整覆盖题目要求的所有提示信息,合理运用参考素材,语句通顺连贯,行文自然,符合初中英语书面表达的要求。
【难度系数】0.6
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