Ⅱ. 配对阅读
左栏是五种发明,右栏是七种发明的适用情况。请为每种发明选择适用的情况。选项中有两项为多余项。
()11. It was invented in the 1880s in America. It can bring wind to us and make us feel cool in hot weather.
()12. It was invented by Edison in 1879 in America. It brings light to our world.
()13. It was invented more than one hundred years ago by Karl Benz. You can drive it anywhere in a short time.
()14. It was invented by a French emperor, Louis ⅩⅣ. The emperor was short, so he wore this kind of shoes to make himself look taller.
()15. It looks like a big box, but it is very cold inside. It was invented by an American scientist Jacob Perkins in 1834.
A. Washing Machines It plays an important part in our daily lives. It can help to free our hands so that we can spend our time on more meaningful things.
B. Fridges We can put many things in it to keep them fresh, such as the vegetables, meat and drinks.
C. Electric Fans Do you often feel hot in summer? Maybe an electric fan can help you. It doesn't use much electricity when it works.
D. Electric Bulbs(电灯泡) The whole world will be in darkness withelectric bulbs at night. Electric bulbs can give us light.
E. High-Heeled Shoes Most women like high-heeled shoes. They are beautiful and in different styles.
F. Cars They can help people to reach a place in a short time.
G. Planes Planes are the best choice to visit a country far away. They look like big birds and they can also fly fast like real birds.

11. C
12. D
13. F
14. E
15. B

【分析】
本题为配对阅读题，解题思路是提取左栏每个句子中关于发明的核心关键信息（如功能、发明者、时间、用途等），再与右栏各选项的描述逐一匹配，找到对应项即可。具体步骤：1. 阅读左栏11-15题的句子，提取核心关键词；2. 阅读右栏A-G选项，匹配关键词；3. 确定每个小题的对应选项。
【解析】
11题：左栏关键词为“1880s in America”“带来风、让人凉快”，对应右栏C选项（Electric Fans），其描述为“帮助缓解炎热”，匹配，故11选C；
12题：左栏关键词为“Edison in 1879”“带来光”，对应右栏D选项（Electric Bulbs），其描述为“提供光”，匹配，故12选D；
13题：左栏关键词为“Karl Benz”“可驾驶”，对应右栏F选项（Cars），其描述为“短时间到达目的地”，匹配，故13选F；
14题：左栏关键词为“French emperor Louis ⅩⅣ”“让自己更高”，对应右栏E选项（High-Heeled Shoes），结合高跟鞋的发明背景，匹配，故14选E；
15题：左栏关键词为“大盒子、内部很冷”“Jacob Perkins发明”，对应右栏B选项（Fridges），其描述为“冷藏保鲜”，匹配，故15选B。
【答案】
11.C 12.D 13.F 14.E 15.B
【知识点】
配对阅读；英文信息匹配
【点评】
本题为基础英语配对阅读题，重点考查学生提取关键信息的能力，核心是抓住发明的特征（功能、发明者等），题型常见且难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.6

请从方框内选择适当的词,并根据需要用其正确形式填空,使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意:每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
make of it and that full wide spread most invent tradition ago
[人与社会·人类发明与创造] Paper, also called zhi, was a Chinese invention. About 2,000 years ago, Chinese people 1. papermaking. At that time, zhi was made 2. silk and was very expensive. Only the emperor and rich people could afford to use 3. . About 1,900 years 4. , Cai Lun improved the papermaking process(过程). He made cheap paper out of tree bark, certain plants and old clothes.
The improvement in papermaking 5. zhi far and wide, and many different kinds of zhi were made by Chinese people. Xuan paper, a type of high-quality rice paper, can show the charm(魅力) of 6. Chinese painting and Chinese calligraphy best. Later, Chinese zhi spread to the West through the Silk Road. It became one of the 7. popular inventions in the world. With zhi, the cost of producing books became more affordable, 8. knowledge could be shared more widely. Chinese zhi now is 9. used around the world. Humans are 10. of wisdom. No one knows what the future will be like.

1. invented
2. of
3. it
4. ago
5. spread
6. traditional
7. most
8. and
9. widely
10. full

【分析】首先明确方框内的词汇（make of、it、and、that、full、wide、spread、most、invent、tradition、ago），排除多余项（make of、that），再结合语境、时态、固定搭配、词性等逐一分析每个空：1. 由“2000年前”的时间状语，需用一般过去时，结合“发明造纸”的语义选对应动词过去式；2. 考查固定搭配be made of；3. 指代前文的纸，用代词；4. 表示“……之前”用ago；5. 句子缺谓语，结合“传播”的语义选对应动词过去式；6. 修饰名词短语需用形容词；7. 考查“one of + 形容词最高级”结构；8. 连接并列句子用连词；9. 修饰动词需用副词；10. 考查固定搭配be full of。
【解析】1. 根据时间状语“About 2,000 years ago”，句子用一般过去时，此处表示“发明”，故填invented；2. 固定搭配be made of意为“由……制成”，故填of；3. 此处指代前文的“zhi（纸）”，用代词it，故填it；4. “1,900 years ago”表示“1900年前”，符合语境，故填ago；5. 句子缺少谓语动词，结合语境表示“传播”，spread的过去式仍为spread，故填spread；6. 此处修饰名词短语“Chinese painting”，需用形容词，tradition的形容词形式为traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional；7. “one of + the + 形容词最高级”表示“最……之一”，popular的最高级是most popular，故填most；8. 此处连接两个并列的句子，用连词and，故填and；9. 此处修饰动词used，需用副词，wide的副词形式为widely，意为“广泛地”，故填widely；10. 固定搭配be full of意为“充满”，故填full。
【答案】1. invented
2. of
3. it
4. ago
5. spread
6. traditional
7. most
8. and
9. widely
10. full
【知识点】一般过去时、固定搭配、形容词与副词的用法
【点评】本题为选词填空，主要考查词汇的正确形式运用及基础语法知识，需结合语境、固定搭配和词性变化解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6