一、将下列句子从主动语态改为被动语态
1. The museum will hold a new exhibition about space exploration.

2. They won't discuss the topic again at tomorrow's meeting.

3. Will the teacher explain this difficult problem in class?

4. My uncle will buy my cousin a new guitar. (将直接宾语转化为主语)

5. I saw him running out of the classroom in a hurry.

1. A new exhibition about space exploration will be held by the museum.
2. The topic won't be discussed again (by them) at tomorrow's meeting.
3. Will this difficult problem be explained by the teacher in class?
4. A new guitar will be bought for my cousin by my uncle.
5. He was seen running out of the classroom in a hurry.

【分析】主动语态变被动语态的核心思路是：①将主动句的宾语（或双宾语中的直接宾语）改为被动句的主语；②将主动句的谓语动词改为“be + 过去分词”的被动结构，be动词的时态需与原主动句时态一致；③主动句的主语改为由介词by引出的宾语（可省略）；④注意疑问句、否定句的语序变化，以及双宾语、感官动词等特殊结构的转换规则。
【解析】
1. 原句为一般将来时主动句，宾语是a new exhibition about space exploration，转换为被动时该宾语作主语，谓语will hold变为will be held，主动主语the museum由by引出，故转换为A new exhibition about space exploration will be held by the museum.
2. 原句为一般将来时否定主动句，宾语是the topic，转换为被动时作主语，谓语won't discuss变为won't be discussed，主动主语they可省略，故转换为The topic won't be discussed again (by them) at tomorrow's meeting.
3. 原句为一般将来时的一般疑问句主动句，宾语是this difficult problem，转换为被动时作主语，将助动词will提前，谓语explain变为be explained，故转换为Will this difficult problem be explained by the teacher in class?
4. 原句为一般将来时主动句，含双宾语（直接宾语a new guitar、间接宾语my cousin），要求直接宾语作主语，需用“buy sth for sb”的被动结构，故转换为A new guitar will be bought for my cousin by my uncle.
5. 原句为一般过去时主动句，感官动词see的结构为see sb doing，转换为被动时宾语him作主语，谓语see变为was seen，保留doing结构，故转换为He was seen running out of the classroom in a hurry.
【答案】
1. A new exhibition about space exploration will be held by the museum.
2. The topic won't be discussed again (by them) at tomorrow's meeting.
3. Will this difficult problem be explained by the teacher in class?
4. A new guitar will be bought for my cousin by my uncle.
5. He was seen running out of the classroom in a hurry.
【知识点】被动语态（一般将来时）、双宾语被动转换、感官动词被动用法
【点评】本题考查主动语态转被动语态的基础规则，涵盖不同时态的被动结构、双宾语转换及特殊动词的被动形式，是英语语态转换的核心基础题型，需学生熟练掌握被动语态的构成与转换逻辑。
【难度系数】0.6

二、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 到目前为止，篮球队已经连续赢了三场比赛。
, the basketball team has won three games in a row.
2. 我弟弟的性格跟我爸爸很像，都比较安静而且有耐心。
My little brother's personality my father's, both being quiet and patient.
3. 对于第一次去水上公园，我感到很兴奋。
I going to the water park for the first time.
4. 这个漂亮的博物馆值得你和同学们在周末去参观。
The beautiful museum with your classmates at weekends.
5. 这辆车需要洗了，因为车上满是泥。
The car because it is covered in mud.

1. So far
2. is similar to
3. am excited about
4. is worth visiting
5. needs to be washed

【分析】
解答本题需结合汉语提示，回忆对应的英语固定短语、搭配或句型，再根据句子的主语、语法规则确定正确形式。1. 需对应“到目前为止”的固定短语，匹配句子现在完成时的语境；2. 需使用表示“与……相似”的固定搭配，结合主语的单复数确定be动词形式；3. 需使用表示“对……感到兴奋”的固定短语，结合主语I确定be动词；4. 需使用表示“值得做某事”的固定结构，结合主语单复数确定be动词；5. 需使用表示“需要被做某事”的被动结构，结合主语单复数确定动词形式。
【解析】
1. 句子为现在完成时，汉语“到目前为止”对应的固定短语是So far，符合语法和语境，故填So far；
2. “与……相似”的固定搭配为be similar to，主语My little brother's personality是单数名词，be动词用is，故填is similar to；
3. “对……感到兴奋”的固定短语为be excited about，主语是I，be动词用am，故填am excited about；
4. “值得做某事”的固定结构为be worth doing，主语The beautiful museum是单数名词，be动词用is，故填is worth visiting；
5. “需要被做某事”的结构为need to be done，主语The car是单数名词，动词用needs，故填needs to be washed。
【答案】
1. So far
2. is similar to
3. am excited about
4. is worth visiting
5. needs to be washed
【知识点】
固定短语、固定搭配、动词用法
【点评】
本题是基础的汉英匹配填空题，考查初中英语核心的固定短语、搭配及句型，属于英语学习的基础内容，只要熟练掌握常见短语即可轻松解答，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7