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四、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Thirty years ago, I got to know an easy-going lady named Jenny. She had no kids and lived alone. She once had a serious 1(disease)at a young age. She spent all her savings on an 2(operate), so she had no money and life was hard. I didn’t mind being her friend—talking to her made me 3(relax). I often took her food 4(help). Then she invited me to lunch.
I 5(refuse)at first but she insisted. We walked to a little 6(west)cafe. On the way, I worried she couldn’t pay, yet I didn’t want to hurt her by 7(offer). The cafe was busy, and everyone looked happy, even the workers.
To my surprise, Jenny paid 8 our meal. She said the cafe workers were volunteers, and one helped her find 9 part-time job. I still remember that afternoon. Those kind people moved me. Life isn’t always easy, 10 small kindnesses make the world nicer. A light in everyone’s heart keeps the dark away.
1.
6.
Thirty years ago, I got to know an easy-going lady named Jenny. She had no kids and lived alone. She once had a serious 1(disease)at a young age. She spent all her savings on an 2(operate), so she had no money and life was hard. I didn’t mind being her friend—talking to her made me 3(relax). I often took her food 4(help). Then she invited me to lunch.
I 5(refuse)at first but she insisted. We walked to a little 6(west)cafe. On the way, I worried she couldn’t pay, yet I didn’t want to hurt her by 7(offer). The cafe was busy, and everyone looked happy, even the workers.
To my surprise, Jenny paid 8 our meal. She said the cafe workers were volunteers, and one helped her find 9 part-time job. I still remember that afternoon. Those kind people moved me. Life isn’t always easy, 10 small kindnesses make the world nicer. A light in everyone’s heart keeps the dark away.
1.
disease
2. operation
3. relaxed
4. to help
5. refused
6.
western
7. offering
8. for
9. a
10. but
答案
四、1. disease 2. operation 3. relaxed 4. to help 5. refused 6. western 7. offering 8. for 9. a 10. but
解析
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文类语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，梳理故事的时间线和核心情感逻辑，再逐个分析空格：
1. 先处理有提示词的空格，先判断空格所需的词性，结合固定结构、时态变形规则转换出正确形式；
2. 无提示词的空格，结合固定搭配、句子逻辑关系判断需要填写的介词、冠词、连词等虚词；
3. 全部填完后通读检查，确认语义通顺、语法符合规则。
逐个推导思路：第1空前面有不定冠词a和形容词serious，后面需要接名词，括号给出的disease本身就是名词，直接用原形即可；第2空前面有不定冠词an，需要把动词operate转换为名词形式；第3空是make sb + adj的结构，修饰人的感受要把relax变为-ed结尾的形容词；第4空表带食物的目的，用不定式作目的状语；第5空全文叙述过去发生的事，谓语动词要用一般过去式；第6空修饰名词cafe需要形容词，把方位名词west变为形容词；第7空介词by后面要接动名词作宾语；第8空是固定搭配pay for表示支付；第9空表示“一份兼职工作”，part-time以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；第10空前后句是转折逻辑，填转折连词but。
【解析】
1. 空格前有不定冠词a和形容词serious，修饰可数名词单数，括号所给disease本身意为“疾病”，是名词，直接填原形disease。
2. 空格前有不定冠词an，说明此处要填入名词，动词operate意为“做手术”，对应的名词形式是operation（手术），故填operation。
3. 此处是固定结构make sb + 形容词，作宾语补足语说明人的感受，relax的形容词relaxed意为“感到放松的”，用来修饰人，故填relaxed。
4. 此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“我给她带食物”的目的是帮助她，故填to help。
5. 全文叙述三十年前发生的往事，谓语动词要用一般过去时，refuse的过去式是refused，故填refused。
6. 空格后是名词cafe，需要用形容词作定语修饰，名词west对应的形容词是western，意为“西式的，西方的”，故填western。
7. 空格前是介词by，介词后面要接动名词作宾语，offer的动名词形式是offering，故填offering。
8. 此处是固定搭配pay for，意为“支付……的费用”，符合语境Jenny付了我们的餐钱，故填for。
9. 此处表示“找到一份兼职工作”，是泛指，part-time以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a，故填a。
10. 前半句“生活并不总是容易的”，后半句“小小的善意让世界更美好”，前后是转折关系，用转折连词but连接，故填but。
【答案】
1. disease 2. operation 3. relaxed 4. to help 5. refused 6. western 7. offering 8. for 9. a 10. but
【知识点】
词性转换
非谓语动词
固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的语法填空题，依托温情的记叙文语境，考察初中阶段核心的词形变形规则、常用固定搭配和基础句法逻辑，考点覆盖全面且没有偏题怪题，适合巩固基础语法知识点。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇记叙文类语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，梳理故事的时间线和核心情感逻辑，再逐个分析空格：
1. 先处理有提示词的空格，先判断空格所需的词性，结合固定结构、时态变形规则转换出正确形式；
2. 无提示词的空格，结合固定搭配、句子逻辑关系判断需要填写的介词、冠词、连词等虚词；
3. 全部填完后通读检查，确认语义通顺、语法符合规则。
逐个推导思路：第1空前面有不定冠词a和形容词serious，后面需要接名词，括号给出的disease本身就是名词，直接用原形即可；第2空前面有不定冠词an，需要把动词operate转换为名词形式；第3空是make sb + adj的结构，修饰人的感受要把relax变为-ed结尾的形容词；第4空表带食物的目的，用不定式作目的状语；第5空全文叙述过去发生的事，谓语动词要用一般过去式；第6空修饰名词cafe需要形容词，把方位名词west变为形容词；第7空介词by后面要接动名词作宾语；第8空是固定搭配pay for表示支付；第9空表示“一份兼职工作”，part-time以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；第10空前后句是转折逻辑，填转折连词but。
【解析】
1. 空格前有不定冠词a和形容词serious，修饰可数名词单数，括号所给disease本身意为“疾病”，是名词，直接填原形disease。
2. 空格前有不定冠词an，说明此处要填入名词，动词operate意为“做手术”，对应的名词形式是operation（手术），故填operation。
3. 此处是固定结构make sb + 形容词，作宾语补足语说明人的感受，relax的形容词relaxed意为“感到放松的”，用来修饰人，故填relaxed。
4. 此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“我给她带食物”的目的是帮助她，故填to help。
5. 全文叙述三十年前发生的往事，谓语动词要用一般过去时，refuse的过去式是refused，故填refused。
6. 空格后是名词cafe，需要用形容词作定语修饰，名词west对应的形容词是western，意为“西式的，西方的”，故填western。
7. 空格前是介词by，介词后面要接动名词作宾语，offer的动名词形式是offering，故填offering。
8. 此处是固定搭配pay for，意为“支付……的费用”，符合语境Jenny付了我们的餐钱，故填for。
9. 此处表示“找到一份兼职工作”，是泛指，part-time以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a，故填a。
10. 前半句“生活并不总是容易的”，后半句“小小的善意让世界更美好”，前后是转折关系，用转折连词but连接，故填but。
【答案】
1. disease 2. operation 3. relaxed 4. to help 5. refused 6. western 7. offering 8. for 9. a 10. but
【知识点】
词性转换
非谓语动词
固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的语法填空题，依托温情的记叙文语境，考察初中阶段核心的词形变形规则、常用固定搭配和基础句法逻辑，考点覆盖全面且没有偏题怪题，适合巩固基础语法知识点。
【难度系数】
0.8
五、阅读理解。
Ed was a professional football player, but he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that, he couldn’t move his body from the shoulders down.
Doctors told him that he’d probably never walk again, but Ed didn’t want to believe this. He had recently got engaged(订婚)to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He had recently got engaged(订婚)to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He spent six days staring at his toes(脚趾)and trying to make them move—and, finally, he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey.
While in hospital, Ed met Paul, a man in his late thirties. Doctors had also told Paul he would never walk again, but Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later, Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick.
Only a year after his accident, Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-metre mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements.
Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848 metres, nearly the height of the world’s highest mountain, by going up and down his parents’ stairs 2,783 times. When he finished, he told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was “painful” and “boring”. He also raised £46,000 for charity.
Ed hopes his story can help other people. That’s why he started his own charity, M2M, which aims to support “people facing challenges in life”.
(
A. His parents.
B. His doctor.
C. His friend.
D. His wife.
(
A. Brave.
B. Helpful.
C. Honest.
D. Hard-working.
(
A. Raising money.
B. Doing new movements.
C. Visiting parents.
D. Going up and down stairs.
(
a. Ed started M2M.
b. Ed succeeded in making his toes move.
c. Ed had an accident in a swimming pool.
d. Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales.
e. Ed climbed his parents’ stairs 2,783 times.
A. c-e-b-d-a
B. c-b-d-e-a
C. e-a-b-d-c
D. e-b-d-c-a
(
A. A Football Player.
B. A Challenge Lover.
C. A Charity Worker.
D. A Mountain Climber.
Ed was a professional football player, but he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that, he couldn’t move his body from the shoulders down.
Doctors told him that he’d probably never walk again, but Ed didn’t want to believe this. He had recently got engaged(订婚)to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He had recently got engaged(订婚)to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He spent six days staring at his toes(脚趾)and trying to make them move—and, finally, he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey.
While in hospital, Ed met Paul, a man in his late thirties. Doctors had also told Paul he would never walk again, but Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later, Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick.
Only a year after his accident, Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-metre mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements.
Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848 metres, nearly the height of the world’s highest mountain, by going up and down his parents’ stairs 2,783 times. When he finished, he told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was “painful” and “boring”. He also raised £46,000 for charity.
Ed hopes his story can help other people. That’s why he started his own charity, M2M, which aims to support “people facing challenges in life”.
(
D
)1. Who did Ed want to get better mainly for?A. His parents.
B. His doctor.
C. His friend.
D. His wife.
(
B
)2. What is Ed like according to Paragraph 3?A. Brave.
B. Helpful.
C. Honest.
D. Hard-working.
(
D
)3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. Raising money.
B. Doing new movements.
C. Visiting parents.
D. Going up and down stairs.
(
B
)4. Put the events about Ed into the correct order according to the passage.a. Ed started M2M.
b. Ed succeeded in making his toes move.
c. Ed had an accident in a swimming pool.
d. Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales.
e. Ed climbed his parents’ stairs 2,783 times.
A. c-e-b-d-a
B. c-b-d-e-a
C. e-a-b-d-c
D. e-b-d-c-a
(
B
)5. What would be the best title for the passage?A. A Football Player.
B. A Challenge Lover.
C. A Charity Worker.
D. A Mountain Climber.
答案
五、1. D 【点拨】根据语境可知，埃德想康复主要是为了妻子。故选 D。
2. B 【点拨】根据“Ed encouraged him not to give up”可知，埃德鼓励保罗不放弃，说明他乐于助人。故选 B。
3. D 【点拨】根据“by going up and down his parents' stairs 2,783 times”可知，“it”指代“在父母家楼梯上上下下”。故选 D。
4. B 【点拨】根据文章内容可知，事件顺序为：c（泳池意外）→b（脚趾成功活动）→d（攀登威尔士最高峰）→e（爬父母家楼梯）→a（创办 M2M）。故选 B。
5. B 【点拨】文章讲述埃德意外瘫痪后，挑战身体极限、帮助他人并做慈善，核心是“勇于挑战”。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据“Ed encouraged him not to give up”可知，埃德鼓励保罗不放弃，说明他乐于助人。故选 B。
3. D 【点拨】根据“by going up and down his parents' stairs 2,783 times”可知，“it”指代“在父母家楼梯上上下下”。故选 D。
4. B 【点拨】根据文章内容可知，事件顺序为：c（泳池意外）→b（脚趾成功活动）→d（攀登威尔士最高峰）→e（爬父母家楼梯）→a（创办 M2M）。故选 B。
5. B 【点拨】文章讲述埃德意外瘫痪后，挑战身体极限、帮助他人并做慈善，核心是“勇于挑战”。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先通读全文梳理故事主线：主人公Ed原本是职业足球运动员，遭遇意外后肩下无法活动，他没有放弃康复，还鼓励同病房的病友，后续不断挑战身体极限完成登山相关的壮举，最后创办慈善机构帮助面对生活挑战的人。解题时可以按照不同题型的技巧逐个突破：1. 细节题直接带着题干的关键词回到原文对应段落定位，找到原句就能直接匹配答案；2. 人物形象题要从指定段落的具体行为出发推导特质；3. 代词指代题要往前找最近的相关事件，确认指代内容；4. 事件排序题可以把每个事件对应的时间点标记出来，按先后顺序排列即可；5. 主旨大意题要排除以偏概全的片面选项，抓住全文核心的精神内核选出最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：回到原文第二段，明确提到“he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better”，这里的she指代他现在的妻子，因此Ed想要康复主要是为了妻子。
2. 人物形象推断题：第三段内容提到Ed在医院遇到同样被告知永远不能走路的Paul，主动鼓励他不要放弃，最后Paul成功拄拐行走，这个行为体现出Ed乐于助人的特质。
3. 代词指代题：划线词it所在句的前一句提到Ed“climbed 8,848 metres, nearly the height of the world’s highest mountain, by going up and down his parents’ stairs 2,783 times”，说明他完成的这件事就是反复上下父母家的楼梯，因此it指代上下楼梯这件事。
4. 事件排序题：梳理全文的时间线：首先Ed在泳池遭遇意外（c），之后他成功让自己的脚趾动起来（b），事故发生仅一年后他登上威尔士最高峰（d），两年后他上下父母家楼梯2783次（e），最后他创办了慈善机构M2M（a），正确顺序为c-b-d-e-a。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕Ed遭遇瘫痪的巨大人生挑战后，始终不认输，不断突破身体极限，还帮助其他面对挑战的人展开，A选项只提到足球运动员、C选项只提到慈善工作者、D选项只提到登山者，都是片面的描述，只有B选项贴合全文核心。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. B
【知识点】
细节信息查找，代词指代推断，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
这是一篇励志类记叙文阅读理解，考点设置全面，覆盖了中小学英语考试常见的阅读理解题型，多数题目都可以通过回文定位找到明确依据，学生解题时要注意避免被局部信息误导，比如选标题时不能只看到文中提到的足球、登山、慈善就直接选对应片面选项，要整体把握文章传递的核心精神。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先通读全文梳理故事主线：主人公Ed原本是职业足球运动员，遭遇意外后肩下无法活动，他没有放弃康复，还鼓励同病房的病友，后续不断挑战身体极限完成登山相关的壮举，最后创办慈善机构帮助面对生活挑战的人。解题时可以按照不同题型的技巧逐个突破：1. 细节题直接带着题干的关键词回到原文对应段落定位，找到原句就能直接匹配答案；2. 人物形象题要从指定段落的具体行为出发推导特质；3. 代词指代题要往前找最近的相关事件，确认指代内容；4. 事件排序题可以把每个事件对应的时间点标记出来，按先后顺序排列即可；5. 主旨大意题要排除以偏概全的片面选项，抓住全文核心的精神内核选出最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：回到原文第二段，明确提到“he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better”，这里的she指代他现在的妻子，因此Ed想要康复主要是为了妻子。
2. 人物形象推断题：第三段内容提到Ed在医院遇到同样被告知永远不能走路的Paul，主动鼓励他不要放弃，最后Paul成功拄拐行走，这个行为体现出Ed乐于助人的特质。
3. 代词指代题：划线词it所在句的前一句提到Ed“climbed 8,848 metres, nearly the height of the world’s highest mountain, by going up and down his parents’ stairs 2,783 times”，说明他完成的这件事就是反复上下父母家的楼梯，因此it指代上下楼梯这件事。
4. 事件排序题：梳理全文的时间线：首先Ed在泳池遭遇意外（c），之后他成功让自己的脚趾动起来（b），事故发生仅一年后他登上威尔士最高峰（d），两年后他上下父母家楼梯2783次（e），最后他创办了慈善机构M2M（a），正确顺序为c-b-d-e-a。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕Ed遭遇瘫痪的巨大人生挑战后，始终不认输，不断突破身体极限，还帮助其他面对挑战的人展开，A选项只提到足球运动员、C选项只提到慈善工作者、D选项只提到登山者，都是片面的描述，只有B选项贴合全文核心。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. B
【知识点】
细节信息查找，代词指代推断，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
这是一篇励志类记叙文阅读理解，考点设置全面，覆盖了中小学英语考试常见的阅读理解题型，多数题目都可以通过回文定位找到明确依据，学生解题时要注意避免被局部信息误导，比如选标题时不能只看到文中提到的足球、登山、慈善就直接选对应片面选项，要整体把握文章传递的核心精神。
【难度系数】
0.7
