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七、[核心素养] 阅读理解。
人与自然——环境保护
The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang，the capital city of Hebei. About 20 years ago，it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government's work，it has become much cleaner.
Wu Wenzhong，a 58 - year - old villager，lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water，swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best，” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by，it got dirty and started to dry up.
To remediate the river，the government do a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees（防洪堤）. They plant trees，grass and flowers to green the riverside. They set up fences（防护栏）and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting wastewater into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish，birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long - term plan to keep the river in good condition.
Now，there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again.
The Hutuo River's story shows that when people work together to take care of nature，good things can happen.
1. What was Wu Wenzhong's favourite activity when he was a child?
A. Boating.
B. Swimming.
C. Planting trees.
D. Catching fish.
2. Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. How does the river look?
B. When do people green the riverside?
C. Why is the river important?
D. What do the government do for the river?
3. What does the underlined word “remediate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Restore.
B. Fix.
C. Use.
D. Decorate.
4. What do we know about today's Hutuo River?
A. Many birds live around it.
B. Factories get water from it.
C. Over 20 kinds of fish live in it.
D. Villagers make boats near it.
人与自然——环境保护
The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang，the capital city of Hebei. About 20 years ago，it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government's work，it has become much cleaner.
Wu Wenzhong，a 58 - year - old villager，lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water，swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best，” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by，it got dirty and started to dry up.
To remediate the river，the government do a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees（防洪堤）. They plant trees，grass and flowers to green the riverside. They set up fences（防护栏）and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting wastewater into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish，birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long - term plan to keep the river in good condition.
Now，there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again.
The Hutuo River's story shows that when people work together to take care of nature，good things can happen.
1. What was Wu Wenzhong's favourite activity when he was a child?
A. Boating.
B. Swimming.
C. Planting trees.
D. Catching fish.
2. Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. How does the river look?
B. When do people green the riverside?
C. Why is the river important?
D. What do the government do for the river?
3. What does the underlined word “remediate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Restore.
B. Fix.
C. Use.
D. Decorate.
4. What do we know about today's Hutuo River?
A. Many birds live around it.
B. Factories get water from it.
C. Over 20 kinds of fish live in it.
D. Villagers make boats near it.
答案
七、1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best”可知，他小时候最喜欢的活动是捕鱼。
2. D 推理判断题。第三段主要描述了政府为了修复滹沱河所做的一系列工作。选项 D 是对第三段的主要内容的提问。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据下文所做的措施可知，政府是为了恢复河流的生态。
4. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again.”可知，现在有许多鸟类生活在滹沱河周围。
2. D 推理判断题。第三段主要描述了政府为了修复滹沱河所做的一系列工作。选项 D 是对第三段的主要内容的提问。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据下文所做的措施可知，政府是为了恢复河流的生态。
4. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again.”可知，现在有许多鸟类生活在滹沱河周围。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇围绕滹沱河生态治理展开的环保主题阅读理解，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先快速浏览全文，梳理出文章的时间线：滹沱河过去的状态、村民的童年回忆、政府的治理措施、如今的生态改善，把握整体叙事逻辑；2. 针对每道题的题干要求，回到原文精准定位对应段落的信息点；3. 逐一比对选项和原文内容，排除不符合的错误选项，选出最贴合原文的答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：回到原文第二段找到对应内容“My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best”，明确吴文中小时候最喜欢的活动是捕鱼，对应选项D，A划船、B游泳都不是他最喜欢的，C种树文中没有提到是他童年的活动，均排除。
2. 段落主旨题：通读第三段可知，整段内容全部在列举政府为了改善滹沱河生态所做的各项举措：清理河道、修建防洪堤、绿化河岸、设置防护标识、管控工厂排污等，核心主体是政府的治河行动，对应提问“政府为这条河做了什么”的D选项，A问河流外观、B问绿化河岸的时间、C问河流的重要性，都无法覆盖第三段全部内容，排除。
3. 词义猜测题：结合上下文，前文提到滹沱河之前变脏、逐渐干涸，后文罗列了一系列政府改善河流生态的措施，可知政府的目的是修复河流原本的良好生态，remediate此处含义为修复恢复生态，和A选项Restore（恢复）含义最匹配；B Fix多指修理破损的物品，C Use使用、D Decorate装饰都不符合语境，排除。
4. 细节理解题：回到原文第四段“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again.”，可知如今滹沱河周边生活着20多种鸟类，对应A选项；B工厂从河里取水文中未提及，C是20多种鸟而非鱼，D村民在河边造船文中没有相关表述，均排除。
【答案】
1. D 2. D 3. A 4. A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，段落主旨归纳，上下文词义猜测
【点评】
本题贴合环境保护的核心素养导向，整体难度适中，既考察学生基础的原文信息定位能力，也兼顾了段落大意归纳、词义推测的能力考察，同时传递了人与自然和谐共生的正向理念。做题时要注意所有选项都要找到对应的原文依据，不要凭借自己的主观想象选择答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇围绕滹沱河生态治理展开的环保主题阅读理解，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先快速浏览全文，梳理出文章的时间线：滹沱河过去的状态、村民的童年回忆、政府的治理措施、如今的生态改善，把握整体叙事逻辑；2. 针对每道题的题干要求，回到原文精准定位对应段落的信息点；3. 逐一比对选项和原文内容，排除不符合的错误选项，选出最贴合原文的答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：回到原文第二段找到对应内容“My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best”，明确吴文中小时候最喜欢的活动是捕鱼，对应选项D，A划船、B游泳都不是他最喜欢的，C种树文中没有提到是他童年的活动，均排除。
2. 段落主旨题：通读第三段可知，整段内容全部在列举政府为了改善滹沱河生态所做的各项举措：清理河道、修建防洪堤、绿化河岸、设置防护标识、管控工厂排污等，核心主体是政府的治河行动，对应提问“政府为这条河做了什么”的D选项，A问河流外观、B问绿化河岸的时间、C问河流的重要性，都无法覆盖第三段全部内容，排除。
3. 词义猜测题：结合上下文，前文提到滹沱河之前变脏、逐渐干涸，后文罗列了一系列政府改善河流生态的措施，可知政府的目的是修复河流原本的良好生态，remediate此处含义为修复恢复生态，和A选项Restore（恢复）含义最匹配；B Fix多指修理破损的物品，C Use使用、D Decorate装饰都不符合语境，排除。
4. 细节理解题：回到原文第四段“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again.”，可知如今滹沱河周边生活着20多种鸟类，对应A选项；B工厂从河里取水文中未提及，C是20多种鸟而非鱼，D村民在河边造船文中没有相关表述，均排除。
【答案】
1. D 2. D 3. A 4. A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，段落主旨归纳，上下文词义猜测
【点评】
本题贴合环境保护的核心素养导向，整体难度适中，既考察学生基础的原文信息定位能力，也兼顾了段落大意归纳、词义推测的能力考察，同时传递了人与自然和谐共生的正向理念。做题时要注意所有选项都要找到对应的原文依据，不要凭借自己的主观想象选择答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
