三、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
volunteer follow wake they sudden character law something fall find out
1. You cannot be a judge in the first place. You must first become a .
2. —Could you please tell me when you in the mountain school?
—I'm not sure. Maybe next year.
3. Doing chores helps to improve children's independence and teaches them how to care for .
4. The sound of the thunderstorm was so frightening that my pet dog kept all night.
5. Always remember your heart and trust your own feelings.
6. I used an app more information about giraffes on the internet.
7. The old man is so strange. He always stays alone and never says to others.
8. Your son down from the bike just now. Did you take him to the hospital to get an X-ray?
9. The fire alarm went off , and everyone rushed out of the building.
10. Chinese clay figurines are usually children or lively from a Chinese fairy tale.

1. lawyer 2. will volunteer 3. themselves 4. awake
5. to follow 6. to find out 7. anything 8. fell 9. suddenly
10. characters

【分析】
做这类选词填空题型时，首先第一步要先梳理方框内所有给出词汇/短语的基础含义、词性，再逐句分析：1. 先通读句子理解整体语义，判断空格处所需的词性、时态、数的形式；2. 从备选词中筛选出语义匹配的选项，再结合语法规则进行正确变形；3. 每选完一个词后做好标记排除，避免重复选用，最后通读所有填完的句子检查逻辑和语法是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 句意为：你一开始不能直接当法官，你必须首先成为一名______。结合备选词law（法律），此处需要表示职业的名词，变形为lawyer（律师）符合语境。
2. 句意为：——你能告诉我你什么时候去山区学校做志愿活动吗？——我不确定，可能明年。答句的时间提示为将来的时间，因此时态用一般将来时，volunteer变形为will volunteer。
3. 句意为：做家务有助于培养孩子的独立性，教会他们如何照顾______。此处指代主语them自身，需要用反身代词，they的反身代词为themselves。
4. 句意为：雷雨的声音太吓人了，我的宠物狗整晚都保持______状态。固定搭配keep + 形容词表示“保持某种状态”，wake的形容词形式awake（醒着的）符合要求。
5. 句意为：永远记住跟随你的内心，相信你自己的感受。固定搭配remember to do sth. 表示“记得要做某事（未发生）”，因此follow变形为to follow。
6. 句意为：我用一款应用程序在网上查找更多关于长颈鹿的信息。固定搭配use sth. to do sth. 表示“用某物做某事”，因此find out变形为to find out。
7. 句意为：这个老人太奇怪了，他总是独自待着，从来不对别人说______。句子为否定句，否定句中something要变为anything，表示“任何事”。
8. 句意为：你儿子刚才从自行车上摔下来了，你带他去医院拍X光了吗？时间标志just now（刚才）提示时态为一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell，fall down是固定短语“摔倒”。
9. 句意为：火警______响了，所有人都冲出了大楼。此处需要副词修饰动词短语went off，sudden的副词形式suddenly（突然地）符合语境。
10. 句意为：中国泥塑通常是孩童形象，或是来自中国童话里的生动的______。句子主语为复数，并列的children是复数形式，因此character要变为复数characters（角色）。
【答案】
1. lawyer 2. will volunteer 3. themselves 4. awake 5. to follow 6. to find out 7. anything 8. fell 9. suddenly 10. characters
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，时态辨析
【点评】
本题是初中英语典型的选词变形填空题，综合考查了名词、代词、副词、非谓语动词、动词时态等多个考点，需要学生结合语义、语法规则双重判断，易错点集中在keep后接形容词的用法、否定不定代词的变换、名词复数变形上，做完后要注意核对变形规则避免低级错误。
【难度系数】
0.6

四、根据首字母、句意或音标提示写出单词
1. —Who is the girl n to Lily? —She is my friend, Linda.
2. The dog tried to climb up the tree, but f again and again.
3. The ancient e built the Great Wall to protect their country.
4. Tony is very friendly to his classmates and they have close r.
5. The water is clean. We can see the clouds on the sky from the s of the river.
6. In this novel, all his friends were killed and he knows he is lucky to be a.
7. Products made in China are always cheap and of high q.
8. China is one of the most a countries in the world. It has a history of more than 5,000 years.
9. A butterfly is an i with colourful wings.
10. My brother r a bike to school every day.
11. Tom went into his house t the window because he left the key in it.
12. After snowing for two days, the snow c the village and everything was so white.
13. Family and friends are a great source of s during hard times.
14. We should make a right plan for ourselves and try our best to reach our g.
15. Lucy is a of the dark, so she never goes out at night.
16. What is h outside? There are so many people standing and watching it.
17. After singing all night in the tavern, I had a frog in my t next morning.
18. —Excuse me, does Mr Wu teach them English?
—No. Mr Wu is our English teacher. T is over there under the tree.
19. I could not get in because I found the gate of my house l and I didn't have the key.
20. Monkey King is a well-known and beloved c in Journey to the West.
21. The little boy l his way home last night and asked a policeman for help.
22. The Chinese women's national football team won the gold medal in the Asian Games and showed
people their team s.
23. Tony usually b his teeth before getting dressed and then he has a good breakfast.
24. I pushed aside my feelings, forcing myself to f on the coming test.
25. Last weekend, I went c with my family. We put up tents and cooked outside.
26. —Look! There are so many people in the park.
—N likes to stay at home on a sunny morning.
27. —Would you like me to show you Wuxi Three Kingdoms City?
—It's very kind of you.
28. She nodded with a smile when I asked she wanted to go shopping.
29. You should check your answers carefully to make sure they are all .
30. In our class, Greg's home is the closest to school, so he always the earliest in the morning.
31. It's impossible for a human to fly without any . But in some fantasy stories,
people can do this.
32. I don't believe what she says—her story is full of (/həʊlz/).
33. I'd like to give my friend a (/kri'eɪtɪv/) gift. Could you give me some suggestions?
34. There are many (/ˈkʌltʃərəl/) differences between America and China.
35. During the morning your (/ɡaɪd/) will take you around the city.
36. You can (/ɪ'mædʒɪn/) what a good time we had working together on the project.
37. Some (/kə'mju:nətiz/) are cutting costs and hoping for the best.
38. Thanks to the light and heat from the sun, living things on earth can (/sə'vaɪv/).

1. next 2. failed 3. emperors 4. relationships 5. surface
6. alive 7. quality 8. ancient 9. insect 10. rides
11. through 12. covered 13. support 14. goals 15. afraid
16. happening 17. throat 18. Theirs 19. locked 20. character
21. lost 22. spirit 23. brushes 24. focus 25. camping
26. Nobody 27. around 28. if/whether 29. correct
30. arrives 31. tools 32. holes 33. creative 34. cultural
35. guide 36. imagine 37. communities 38. survive

【分析】
这类多提示维度的写单词题型，解题可以按三步推进：1. 先完整通读全句，梳理清楚句子的逻辑和核心含义，预判空格所需的词性和语义方向；2. 结合给出的首字母、音标或者上下文语境提示，优先联想对应首字母的常用固定搭配，匹配所学的对应词汇；3. 验证词形是否符合语法规则，判断是否需要变换时态、单复数、人称、词性等，最后把单词代入句子通读，确认语义通顺、语法无误。
【解析】
逐题推导验证：
1. 固定搭配next to表示“在……旁边”，完全符合句意“站在Lily身旁的女孩是谁”，填next。
2. 前半句动词tried为一般过去时，语义转折说明狗爬树多次失败，fail的过去式为failed，填failed。
3. 句意为古代的帝王建造长城保卫国家，用复数emperors指代帝王这一类群体，填emperors。
4. 固定搭配have close relationships表示“关系亲密”，契合Tony对同学很友好的语境，填relationships。
5. 水足够清澈可以在河面看到云，surface表示表面，the surface of the river即河面，填surface。
6. 所有朋友都遇害，他很幸运还活着，alive作表语表示“活着的”，填alive。
7. 固定搭配high quality表示“高质量”，对应中国制造产品物美价廉的描述，填quality。
8. 后文提到5000多年的历史，说明中国是世界最古老的国家之一，ancient表示古老的，填ancient。
9. 蝴蝶是长着彩色翅膀的昆虫，insect表示昆虫，填insect。
10. 时间状语every day提示一般现在时，主语my brother是第三人称单数，ride a bike骑车的ride变形为rides，填rides。
11. 从窗户内部钻进房子，through表示从物体内部穿过，填through。
12. 下了两天雪后雪覆盖了整个村庄，全句为一般过去时，cover的过去式为covered，填covered。
13. 困难时期家人和朋友是重要的支持来源，support表示支持，填support。
14. 固定搭配reach one's goals表示“实现目标”，符合制定计划努力达成目标的语境，填goals。
15. 固定搭配be afraid of表示“害怕”，契合Lucy怕黑晚上不出门的描述，填afraid。
16. 很多人围观，询问外面正在发生什么，用现在进行时，happen变形为happening，填happening。
17. 俚语have a frog in one's throat表示嗓子沙哑，符合唱了一整夜歌之后的状态，填throat。
18. 空格后无名词，用名词性物主代词Theirs指代“他们的英语老师”，填Theirs。
19. 没带钥匙进不去，说明家门是锁着的，locked表示锁着的作补语，填locked。
20. 孙悟空是《西游记》中经典的角色，character表示角色，填character。
21. 时间状语last night提示一般过去时，lose one's way迷路的lose变形为lost，填lost。
22. 中国女足夺冠展现团队精神，team spirit表示团队精神，填spirit。
23. 一般现在时主语Tony是第三人称单数，brush one's teeth刷牙的brush变形为brushes，填brushes。
24. 固定搭配focus on表示“集中注意力于”，符合抛开杂念专注考试的语境，填focus。
25. 后文提到搭帐篷户外做饭，对应go camping去露营的固定搭配，填camping。
26. 晴天公园里人很多，说明没人愿意待在家里，填Nobody。
27. 固定搭配show sb around表示“带某人参观”，填around。
28. 询问是否想要购物，宾语从句用if/whether引导表“是否”，填if/whether。
29. 仔细检查答案是为了确保所有答案都正确，correct表示正确的，填correct。
30. 家离学校最近所以每天最早到校，一般现在时主语he是第三人称单数，arrive变形为arrives，填arrives。
31. 没有任何工具人类不可能自主飞行，tools表示工具，填tools。
32. 音标/həʊlz/对应单词holes，句意为她的故事漏洞百出，填holes。
33. 音标/kri'eɪtɪv/对应单词creative，表示有创意的修饰礼物，填creative。
34. 音标/ˈkʌltʃərəl/对应单词cultural，表示文化的修饰差异，填cultural。
35. 音标/ɡaɪd/对应单词guide，表示导游，填guide。
36. 音标/ɪ'mædʒɪn/对应单词imagine，表示想象，填imagine。
37. 音标/kə'mju:nətiz/对应单词communities，是community的复数形式，填communities。
38. 音标/sə'vaɪv/对应单词survive，表示生存，填survive。
【答案】
1. next 2. failed 3. emperors 4. relationships 5. surface
6. alive 7. quality 8. ancient 9. insect 10. rides
11. through 12. covered 13. support 14. goals 15. afraid
16. happening 17. throat 18. Theirs 19. locked 20. character
21. lost 22. spirit 23. brushes 24. focus 25. camping
26. Nobody 27. around 28. if/whether 29. correct
30. arrives 31. tools 32. holes 33. creative 34. cultural
35. guide 36. imagine 37. communities 38. survive
【知识点】
1. 固定短语识记
2. 音形对应转换
3. 词形变换应用
【点评】
本题综合考察初中英语核心词汇的掌握情况，覆盖首字母提示、语境填空、音标辨词三类常考题型，既检验学生基础词汇的积累量，也对固定搭配、时态、名词单复数、物主代词等基础语法点进行考察，能够有效帮助学生排查词汇掌握的薄弱点，巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.7