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五、翻译句子(15 分)
1. 不应该让小学生骑自行车去上学。
2. 这些发明是为了让人们在黑暗中能看到东西。
3. 它因成功帮助无家可归的人重返正常生活而为人熟知。
4. 这些 T 恤衫是棉的，穿着舒服。
5. 据说，神舟十一号飞船是于 2016 年发射升空的。
1. 不应该让小学生骑自行车去上学。
Primary school students shouldn't be allowed to go to school by bike.
2. 这些发明是为了让人们在黑暗中能看到东西。
These inventions are used for people to see things in the dark.
3. 它因成功帮助无家可归的人重返正常生活而为人熟知。
It is famous for its success in helping homeless people return to a normal life.
4. 这些 T 恤衫是棉的，穿着舒服。
These T-shirts are made of cotton and comfortable to wear.
5. 据说，神舟十一号飞船是于 2016 年发射升空的。
It is said that Shenzhou-11 spacecraft was sent into space in 2016.
答案
1. Primary school students shouldn't be allowed to go to school by bike.
2. These inventions are used for people to see things in the dark.
3. It is famous for its success in helping homeless people return to a normal life.
4. These T-shirts are made of cotton and comfortable to wear.
5. It is said that Shenzhou-11 spacecraft was sent into space in 2016.
2. These inventions are used for people to see things in the dark.
3. It is famous for its success in helping homeless people return to a normal life.
4. These T-shirts are made of cotton and comfortable to wear.
5. It is said that Shenzhou-11 spacecraft was sent into space in 2016.
解析
【分析】
翻译此类句子时，需先分析中文句子的核心结构，判断是否需使用被动语态（如表被动含义的“不应该让”“被发射”），再对应积累的英文固定表达（如“据说”对应it is said that，“因...而著名”对应be famous for等），最后按英文语序组合，注意介词、时态等细节。
【解析】
1. 中文核心：小学生+不应该被允许+骑自行车上学。被动结构“不应该被允许做某事”译为shouldn't be allowed to do sth，“骑自行车上学”为go to school by bike，组合得：Primary school students shouldn't be allowed to go to school by bike.
2. 中文核心：这些发明+被用来+让人们在黑暗中看东西。“被用来做某事”译为be used for sb to do sth，“在黑暗中”为in the dark，组合得：These inventions are used for people to see things in the dark.
3. 中文核心：它+因...而著名+成功帮助无家可归的人重返正常生活。“因...而著名”为be famous for，“帮助某人做某事”为help sb do sth，“无家可归的人”为homeless people，“重返正常生活”为return to a normal life，组合得：It is famous for its success in helping homeless people return to a normal life.
4. 中文核心：这些T恤+由棉制成+穿着舒服。“由...制成（可看出原材料）”为be made of，“穿着舒服”为comfortable to wear，用and连接并列结构，组合得：These T-shirts are made of cotton and comfortable to wear.
5. 中文核心：据说+神舟十一号飞船+被发射升空+在2016年。固定句型“据说”为It is said that，被动结构“被发射升空”为was sent into space，组合得：It is said that Shenzhou-11 spacecraft was sent into space in 2016.
【答案】
1. Primary school students shouldn't be allowed to go to school by bike.
2. These inventions are used for people to see things in the dark.
3. It is famous for its success in helping homeless people return to a normal life.
4. These T-shirts are made of cotton and comfortable to wear.
5. It is said that Shenzhou-11 spacecraft was sent into space in 2016.
【知识点】
被动语态、固定句型、常用短语搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的汉译英基础题型，主要考察被动语态、固定句型及常用短语的掌握，需准确对应中英文表达结构，注意被动语态和固定搭配的正确性，难度适中，多数学生可通过日常积累完成。
【难度系数】
0.6
翻译此类句子时，需先分析中文句子的核心结构，判断是否需使用被动语态（如表被动含义的“不应该让”“被发射”），再对应积累的英文固定表达（如“据说”对应it is said that，“因...而著名”对应be famous for等），最后按英文语序组合，注意介词、时态等细节。
【解析】
1. 中文核心：小学生+不应该被允许+骑自行车上学。被动结构“不应该被允许做某事”译为shouldn't be allowed to do sth，“骑自行车上学”为go to school by bike，组合得：Primary school students shouldn't be allowed to go to school by bike.
2. 中文核心：这些发明+被用来+让人们在黑暗中看东西。“被用来做某事”译为be used for sb to do sth，“在黑暗中”为in the dark，组合得：These inventions are used for people to see things in the dark.
3. 中文核心：它+因...而著名+成功帮助无家可归的人重返正常生活。“因...而著名”为be famous for，“帮助某人做某事”为help sb do sth，“无家可归的人”为homeless people，“重返正常生活”为return to a normal life，组合得：It is famous for its success in helping homeless people return to a normal life.
4. 中文核心：这些T恤+由棉制成+穿着舒服。“由...制成（可看出原材料）”为be made of，“穿着舒服”为comfortable to wear，用and连接并列结构，组合得：These T-shirts are made of cotton and comfortable to wear.
5. 中文核心：据说+神舟十一号飞船+被发射升空+在2016年。固定句型“据说”为It is said that，被动结构“被发射升空”为was sent into space，组合得：It is said that Shenzhou-11 spacecraft was sent into space in 2016.
【答案】
1. Primary school students shouldn't be allowed to go to school by bike.
2. These inventions are used for people to see things in the dark.
3. It is famous for its success in helping homeless people return to a normal life.
4. These T-shirts are made of cotton and comfortable to wear.
5. It is said that Shenzhou-11 spacecraft was sent into space in 2016.
【知识点】
被动语态、固定句型、常用短语搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的汉译英基础题型，主要考察被动语态、固定句型及常用短语的掌握，需准确对应中英文表达结构，注意被动语态和固定搭配的正确性，难度适中，多数学生可通过日常积累完成。
【难度系数】
0.6
六、书面表达(15 分)
我的家乡在东北，冬天那里有很多雪雕。美丽的雪雕洁白、壮观，每年冬天有很多游客前来观赏。艺术家们制作雪雕并非易事：首先，要有大量的雪，然后把雪堆在一起，最后用工具把堆在一起的雪刻成各种形状，例如动物、人物等。希望有更多的人前来观赏我们的雪雕。
要求：
1. 涵盖全部要点，内容完整连贯；
2. 词数 80 词左右。
我的家乡在东北，冬天那里有很多雪雕。美丽的雪雕洁白、壮观，每年冬天有很多游客前来观赏。艺术家们制作雪雕并非易事：首先，要有大量的雪，然后把雪堆在一起，最后用工具把堆在一起的雪刻成各种形状，例如动物、人物等。希望有更多的人前来观赏我们的雪雕。
要求：
1. 涵盖全部要点，内容完整连贯；
2. 词数 80 词左右。
答案
My hometown is in the northeast of China. There are many snow sculptures in winter. They are white, beautiful and spectacular, and lots of tourists come to visit them every winter.
It's not easy for artists to make snow sculptures. First, they need plenty of snow. Then they pile the snow together. Finally, they carve the snow into different shapes with tools, such as animals and different characters.
I hope more and more people will come to enjoy our beautiful snow sculptures.
It's not easy for artists to make snow sculptures. First, they need plenty of snow. Then they pile the snow together. Finally, they carve the snow into different shapes with tools, such as animals and different characters.
I hope more and more people will come to enjoy our beautiful snow sculptures.
解析
【分析】
本题为英语书面表达题，需严格遵循要求完成：一是覆盖所有给定要点（家乡位于东北、冬季有雪雕、雪雕特点、游客前来观赏、制作雪雕的三个步骤、希望更多人来）；二是内容连贯，词数控制在80左右。写作时需用准确的英语句式，将各要点自然衔接，避免语法错误。
【解析】
My hometown is in the northeast of China. There are many snow sculptures in winter. They are white, beautiful and spectacular, and lots of tourists come to visit them every winter.
It's not easy for artists to make snow sculptures. First, they need plenty of snow. Then they pile the snow together. Finally, they carve the snow into different shapes with tools, such as animals and different characters.
I hope more and more people will come to enjoy our beautiful snow sculptures.
【答案】
My hometown is in the northeast of China. There are many snow sculptures in winter. They are white, beautiful and spectacular, and lots of tourists come to visit them every winter.
It's not easy for artists to make snow sculptures. First, they need plenty of snow. Then they pile the snow together. Finally, they carve the snow into different shapes with tools, such as animals and different characters.
I hope more and more people will come to enjoy our beautiful snow sculptures.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、要点整合、语句连贯
【点评】
本题为话题类英语书面表达，要点清晰明确，要求具体，学生只需将给定信息用规范英语组织，符合词数要求即可完成，是基础的写作练习题。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语书面表达题，需严格遵循要求完成：一是覆盖所有给定要点（家乡位于东北、冬季有雪雕、雪雕特点、游客前来观赏、制作雪雕的三个步骤、希望更多人来）；二是内容连贯，词数控制在80左右。写作时需用准确的英语句式，将各要点自然衔接，避免语法错误。
【解析】
My hometown is in the northeast of China. There are many snow sculptures in winter. They are white, beautiful and spectacular, and lots of tourists come to visit them every winter.
It's not easy for artists to make snow sculptures. First, they need plenty of snow. Then they pile the snow together. Finally, they carve the snow into different shapes with tools, such as animals and different characters.
I hope more and more people will come to enjoy our beautiful snow sculptures.
【答案】
My hometown is in the northeast of China. There are many snow sculptures in winter. They are white, beautiful and spectacular, and lots of tourists come to visit them every winter.
It's not easy for artists to make snow sculptures. First, they need plenty of snow. Then they pile the snow together. Finally, they carve the snow into different shapes with tools, such as animals and different characters.
I hope more and more people will come to enjoy our beautiful snow sculptures.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、要点整合、语句连贯
【点评】
本题为话题类英语书面表达，要点清晰明确，要求具体，学生只需将给定信息用规范英语组织，符合词数要求即可完成，是基础的写作练习题。
【难度系数】
0.6
