一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. The classroom (clean) by students every morning.
2. Two new bridges (build) in our town last year.
3. English (speak) in many countries around the world.
4. The letter (send) to my pen pal yesterday afternoon.
5. This kind of watch (make) in Shanghai.

一、1. is cleaned 2. were built 3. is spoken
4. was sent 5. is made

【分析】
这几道题考查被动语态的用法，解题思路为：1. 先判断句子主语是否为动作的承受者，若是则需用被动语态，结构为“be + 动词过去分词”；2. 根据句中时间状语确定时态：第1、3、5题表客观事实或经常性动作，用一般现在时；第2、4题表过去的时间，用一般过去时；3. 结合主语的单复数确定be动词的正确形式，最终写出符合要求的被动结构。
【解析】
1. 主语the classroom是动作clean的承受者，时间状语every morning表一般现在时，主语为单数，be动词用is，clean的过去分词是cleaned，故填is cleaned；
2. 主语two new bridges是动作build的承受者，时间状语last year表一般过去时，主语为复数，be动词用were，build的过去分词是built，故填were built；
3. 主语English是动作speak的承受者，属于客观事实用一般现在时，主语为单数，be动词用is，speak的过去分词是spoken，故填is spoken；
4. 主语the letter是动作send的承受者，时间状语yesterday afternoon表一般过去时，主语为单数，be动词用was，send的过去分词是sent，故填was sent；
5. 主语this kind of watch是动作make的承受者，属于客观事实用一般现在时，主语为单数，be动词用is，make的过去分词是made，故填is made。
【答案】
1. is cleaned 2. were built 3. is spoken 4. was sent 5. is made
【知识点】
一般现在时被动语态；一般过去时被动语态
【点评】
本题围绕被动语态的基础考点展开，需掌握被动语态的结构及不同时态下be动词的变化，是初中英语的核心基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、将下列句子变为被动语态
1. He cut down a tree.

2. Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.

3. He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.

4. Mother never lets me watch TV.

5. They should do it at once.

6. People grow rice in the south of China.
Rice in the south of China by people.
7. They finished the work last week.
The work by them last week.
8. My mother will buy a new bike for me.
A new bike for me by my mother.
9. The teacher corrected our homework until late into the night.
Our homework by the teacher until late into the night.
10. The workers are building some hotels near the park.
Some hotels by the workers near the park.

二、1. A tree was cut down by him.
2. Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now. 或 A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.
3. The boy was made to work for two hours by him yesterday.
4. I am never let to watch TV by Mother.
5. It should be done by them at once.
6. is grown 7. was finished
8. will be bought 9. was corrected
10. are being built

【分析】
将主动语态变为被动语态的核心思路是：① 主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语；② 根据主动句的时态调整被动句的be动词形式（与新主语一致）；③ 主动句的谓语动词变为过去分词；④ 主动句的主语若需保留，用by引出，部分特殊动词（如make、let）变被动时需还原不定式符号to；双宾语结构可选择间接宾语或直接宾语作被动主语。
【解析】
1. 主动句为一般过去时，宾语a tree作被动主语，be动词用was，cut的过去分词为cut，故变为A tree was cut down by him.
2. 主动句为一般过去时，双宾语结构，可选择间接宾语Peter或直接宾语a Christmas present作被动主语，对应两种正确形式：Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now. 或 A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.
3. 主动句为一般过去时，使役动词make变被动需还原to，宾语the boy作主语，be动词用was，故变为The boy was made to work for two hours by him yesterday.
4. 主动句为一般现在时，使役动词let变被动需还原to，宾语I作主语，be动词用am，故变为I am never let to watch TV by Mother.
5. 主动句含情态动词should，被动结构为should + be + 过去分词，宾语it作主语，故变为It should be done by them at once.
6. 主动句为一般现在时，主语rice为不可数名词，被动结构为is + 过去分词，故填is grown.
7. 主动句为一般过去时，主语the work为不可数名词，被动结构为was + 过去分词，故填was finished.
8. 主动句为一般将来时，被动结构为will + be + 过去分词，故填will be bought.
9. 主动句为一般过去时，主语our homework为不可数名词，被动结构为was + 过去分词，故填was corrected.
10. 主动句为现在进行时，被动结构为am/is/are + being + 过去分词，主语some hotels为复数，故填are being built.
【答案】
1. A tree was cut down by him.
2. Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now. 或 A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.
3. The boy was made to work for two hours by him yesterday.
4. I am never let to watch TV by Mother.
5. It should be done by them at once.
6. is grown
7. was finished
8. will be bought
9. was corrected
10. are being built
【知识点】
被动语态的构成；双宾语的被动转换；使役动词的被动结构
【点评】
本题为英语被动语态的基础练习题，涵盖一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时及情态动词的被动结构，同时涉及双宾语、特殊使役动词（make/let）的被动转换，是初中英语语法的核心考点，需重点掌握特殊动词的被动变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.3

三、用动词的适当形式完成短文
Last year, a big project $\underline{\quad 1 \quad}$ (carry) out in our school. The old classrooms $\underline{\quad 2 \quad}$ (repair). The walls $\underline{\quad 3 \quad}$ (paint) in bright colors, and new desks $\underline{\quad 4 \quad}$ (provide) for every classroom. The playground $\underline{\quad 5 \quad}$ (clean), and flowers $\underline{\quad 6 \quad}$ (plant) around it.
A new library $\underline{\quad 7 \quad}$ (build), too, and many new books $\underline{\quad 8 \quad}$ (buy). Prizes $\underline{\quad 9 \quad}$ (give) to those who read the most books next month.
After everything $\underline{\quad 10 \quad}$ (finish), a small party $\underline{\quad 11 \quad}$ (hold) to celebrate it. Many teachers and students $\underline{\quad 12 \quad}$ (invite), and songs were sung.
Now our school looks very different. It is loved by everyone, and we are proud of the changes that were made.

三、1. was carried 2. were repaired
3. were painted 4. were provided
5. was cleaned 6. were planted
7. was built 8. were bought
9. will be given 10. was finished
11. was held 12. were invited

【分析】
本题考查动词的被动语态用法，解题思路如下：1. 判断主语与所给动词的逻辑关系：若主语是动作的承受者，需使用被动语态；2. 根据句中的时间状语（如last year、next month）或语境确定时态；3. 根据主语的单复数确定be动词的正确形式，结合被动语态结构“be + 动词过去分词”填写答案。
【解析】
1. 主语a big project是单数，时间状语last year表过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was carried；
2. 主语the old classrooms是复数，过去时态的被动，故填were repaired；
3. 主语the walls是复数，过去时态的被动，故填were painted；
4. 主语new desks是复数，过去时态的被动，故填were provided；
5. 主语the playground是单数，过去时态的被动，故填was cleaned；
6. 主语flowers是复数，过去时态的被动，故填were planted；
7. 主语a new library是单数，过去时态的被动，故填was built；
8. 主语many new books是复数，过去时态的被动，故填were bought；
9. 时间状语next month表将来，需用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be given；
10. 主语everything是不定代词（单数），过去时态的被动，故填was finished；
11. 主语a small party是单数，过去时态的被动，故填was held；
12. 主语many teachers and students是复数，过去时态的被动，故填were invited。
【答案】
1. was carried 2. were repaired 3. were painted 4. were provided 5. was cleaned 6. were planted 7. was built 8. were bought 9. will be given 10. was finished 11. was held 12. were invited
【知识点】
一般过去时的被动语态、一般将来时的被动语态、动词过去分词
【点评】
本题围绕被动语态的不同时态运用展开，需学生准确判断时态、主语单复数及被动关系，是初中英语基础语法的典型考查题，侧重对被动语态结构的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.5