四、词汇运用(每小题1分,满分10分)
A)根据所给汉语提示或首字母提示写出单词。
41. (冲) across the road without looking at the traffic lights is a dangerous action.
42. The two friends were so p to see each other that they forgot everything else.
43. Online shopping saves a lot of time because people don't have to wait in l.
44. The two artists draw the same flower d, making their works special.
45. Look out! The ground in the hall is very wet. We'd better make it dry in c someone falls over.
B)用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。
peace discuss respect reply even though
46. When the teacher asked him why he was late, he refused and just looked down at his desk.
47. After a heated , the headmasters from different schools reached an agreement.
48. The exchange students had a wonderful time visiting Suzhou, it was a bit rainy.
49. People should behave towards others as they would like to be treated.
50. Every Sunday morning, I sit by the window and enjoy the time with a cup of warm milk.

四、词汇运用
A)41. Rushing 42. pleased 43. line 44. differently
45. case
B)46. to reply 47. discussion 48. even though 49. respectfully
50. peaceful

【分析】
这道词汇运用题分为两个部分，解题思路可以按两步走：第一部分A是根据汉语或首字母提示写单词，首先先通读句子判断空格处需要的词性，再结合提示、语境和常见固定搭配确定单词，同时注意句首大写等细节；第二部分B是给定词的适当形式填空，先分析句子的语法结构，判断空格处需要的词性/固定搭配要求，再把给出的原形单词转换成对应正确形式，最后代入句子验证逻辑是否通顺。比如看到41题空格在句首后面是谓语is，就知道动词不能直接作主语，要变成动名词形式，再对应汉语“冲”就能得出正确答案。
【解析】
A)
41. 句意：不看红绿灯冲过马路是危险行为。空格在句中作主语，动词作主语需用动名词形式，“冲”的动词原形是rush，动名词形式为Rushing，句首首字母大写。
42. 句意：两个朋友见到彼此如此开心，以至于忘记了其他所有事。结合首字母p和语境，固定搭配be pleased to do sth表示“很高兴做某事”，填入pleased。
43. 句意：网购节省大量时间，因为人们不需要排队等候。固定搭配wait in line意为“排队等候”，符合语境，填入line。
44. 句意：两位艺术家把同一朵花画得不一样，让他们的作品很特别。空格修饰动词draw，需要用副词，结合首字母d和语境，填入differently表示“不同地”。
45. 句意：小心！大厅地面很湿，我们最好把它弄干以防有人滑倒。固定搭配in case意为“以防、万一”，引导目的状语从句，填入case。
B)
46. 句意：当老师问他迟到的原因时，他拒绝回答，只是低头看着桌子。固定搭配refuse to do sth表示“拒绝做某事”，将所给词reply变为to reply。
47. 句意：经过激烈的讨论后，不同学校的校长们达成了共识。形容词heated后需要接名词，所给动词discuss的名词形式是discussion，前面有不定冠词a，用单数即可。
48. 句意：交换生们在苏州游玩得很愉快，即使下了点小雨。前后句是让步逻辑关系，所给短语even though意为“即使、尽管”，符合语境，直接填入。
49. 句意：人们想要别人怎么对待自己，就应该礼貌地对待他人。空格修饰动词behave，需要用副词，所给名词respect的副词形式是respectfully，意为“恭敬地、有礼貌地”。
50. 句意：每个周日早上，我坐在窗边，就着一杯热牛奶享受宁静的时光。空格修饰名词time，需要用形容词，所给名词peace的形容词形式是peaceful，意为“宁静的、平和的”。
【答案】
41. Rushing
42. pleased
43. line
44. differently
45. case
46. to reply
47. discussion
48. even though
49. respectfully
50. peaceful
【知识点】
动名词作主语，固定短语搭配，词形转换
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中英语词汇运用的核心考点，既考察基础单词拼写，也考察学生对句子成分的判断能力、词性变换的规则掌握，以及常见固定搭配的积累，难度梯度合理。学生容易出错的点集中在动名词作主语的大写、副词修饰动词的变形上，平时做题要养成先分析句子成分再确定词形的习惯，避免因为形式错误丢分。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、任务型阅读(每小题1分,满分10分)
阅读下面的短文,并根据所读内容,在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词,每空一词。
It is impossible to name all Chinese customs in a single article. Even so, in this passage we bring you several Chinese customs and traditions that you should know. Here we go!
Chinese usually do not show their feelings openly, also avoiding any unnecessary body touch. The Chinese see badly that people kiss each other on the face, even if they are women. In fact, shaking hands was also not so acceptable in the past. For them it is enough to make a small nod when greeting. As the country gradually(逐渐地) lets Western traditions in, people are used to shaking hands to greet.
Many food manners must be followed strictly at meals. Some details should be paid much attention to by both guests and hosts. In China, the older guests are always seated first, and then others can take their seats. Food manners are also very important. You should never serve yourself a drink. It should be served by someone else. Chopsticks should never be placed upwards in food. And to eat, never put your mouth away from your own bowl.
The Chinese have the habit and skill of being able to sleep anywhere at any time. It doesn't matter if it's on the break from work, in the middle of the street or waiting in a supermarket. This Chinese custom has nothing to do with laziness, quite the opposite. In China, sleeping for a short time in public places is considered a symbol of effort. For example, thousands and millions of netizens(网民) will give a photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room a "like" to show their respect to the doctor. So, this person has been putting a lot of effort into his work and it is right that he should sleep as he likes.
Many of you have already known it's polite not to open gifts in public. But that's not the only important thing to know when receiving gifts in China. For example, the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times to show they are well educated. But in the end, they're willing to accept it. And remember not to receive the gift with only one hand.
51. 52. 53. 54. 55.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.

五、任务型阅读
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国的几种传统习俗和礼仪,包括情感表达、餐桌礼仪、公共场合小睡习惯以及收礼礼节。
51. need 根据“... also avoiding any unnecessary body touch”可知,问候时的身体接触是不必要的,there is no need to do sth“没必要做某事”。故填need。
52. accept 根据“As the country gradually lets Western traditions in, people are used to shaking hands to greet.”可知,随着国家逐渐接受西方传统,人们习惯握手打招呼,也就是人们接受了握手,accept“接受”,此处作为客观说明,时态用一般现在时。故填accept。
53. Following 根据“Many food manners must be followed strictly at meals.”可知,此处强调严格“遵循”餐桌礼仪,结合表格左列短语可知,此处应用现在分词following“遵循”,且首字母需大写。故填Following。
54. instead 根据“You should never serve yourself a drink. It should be served by someone else.”可知,你不应该给自己倒饮料,相反应由他人代劳,副词instead“相反”符合文意。故填instead。
55. close 根据“And to eat, never put your mouth away from your own bowl.”可知,不要让嘴离碗太远,也就是嘴巴应靠近自己的碗,close to“离……近”。故填close。
56. strange/surprising/uncommon/unusual 根据“It doesn't matter if it's on the break from work, in the middle of the street or waiting in a supermarket.”可知,在什么场合或场地小憩都没关系,说明在公共场合睡觉并不奇怪/令人惊讶,或是不同寻常的,形容词strange“奇怪的”、surprising“令人惊讶的”、uncommon/unusual“不寻常的”符合文意。故填strange/surprising/uncommon/unusual。
57. spreads 根据“thousands and millions of netizens will give a photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room a ‘like’”可知,成千上万的网民给这张照片点赞,说明这张照片在网上传播得很快,动词spread“传播”符合文意;此处用一般现在时陈述事实,主语“A photo”为第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式spreads。故填spreads。
58. politely 根据“Many of you have already known it's polite not to open gifts in public.”可知,此处讲如何礼貌地收礼,应用副词politely“有礼貌地”修饰动词“receive”。故填politely。
59. before 根据“... the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times to show they are well educated. But in the end, they're willing to accept it.”可知,收礼时先至多拒绝三次,最后再收下,也就是在收礼之前要拒绝三次,介词before“在……之前”符合文意。故填before。
60. both/two 根据“And remember not to receive the gift with only one hand.”可知,不要只用一只手接受礼物,就是要用两只手收礼,both“两者都”/two“二”符合文意,修饰名词“hands”。故填both/two。

【分析】
这是一篇信息提取类任务型阅读，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍中国4类特色传统习俗，快速梳理每一段对应的主题板块，匹配表格的不同模块；第二步逐个定位每个空格对应的原文段落内容，找到和空格语义匹配的原文语句；第三步结合空格所在句子的语法结构、固定搭配要求，把原文的表述转换为符合空格要求的单个词汇，同时核查词性、时态、单复数、大小写等细节，确保每空仅填一个恰当的词，保证语义和语法都通顺。
【解析】
逐空推导过程如下：
51. 定位原文第二段“avoiding any unnecessary body touch”，空格所在句对应固定搭配there is no need to do sth，意为“没必要做某事”，完全匹配“不必要的身体接触”的语义，因此填need。
52. 定位原文第二段最后一句“As the country gradually lets Western traditions in, people are used to shaking hands to greet”，语义为随着西方传统传入，人们开始接受握手问候，空格是一般现在时的谓语，主语为people，填动词原形accept。
53. 定位原文第三段首句“Many food manners must be followed strictly at meals”，空格后接餐桌礼仪作句子主语，要用动名词形式，且首字母大写，因此填Following。
54. 定位原文第三段“You should never serve yourself a drink. It should be served by someone else”，语义为不要自己给自己倒饮料，相反要由他人代劳，副词instead表示“相反、取而代之”符合语境，填instead。
55. 定位原文第三段“never put your mouth away from your own bowl”，语义为嘴不能远离自己的碗，也就是要靠近碗，固定搭配close to表示“靠近”，填close。
56. 定位原文第四段“It doesn't matter if it's on the break from work, in the middle of the street or waiting in a supermarket”，说明在任何公共场合小睡都很正常，并不奇怪/不寻常，符合语义的形容词strange/surprising/uncommon/unusual都可填入。
57. 定位原文第四段“thousands and millions of netizens will give a photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room a "like"”，说明这张医生小憩的照片在网上传播，主语a photo是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式，因此填spreads。
58. 定位原文最后一段“it's polite not to open gifts in public”，空格处修饰动词receive，需要用副词形式，表达“礼貌地收礼”的含义，因此填politely。
59. 定位原文最后一段“the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times... But in the end, they're willing to accept it”，语义为在最终收下礼物之前会先拒绝最多三次，介词before表示“在……之前”符合语境，填before。
60. 定位原文最后一段“not to receive the gift with only one hand”，说明不能只用一只手，要用两只手/双手，因此both/two都符合要求。
【答案】
51. need
52. accept
53. Following
54. instead
55. close
56. strange/surprising/uncommon/unusual
57. spreads
58. politely
59. before
60. both/two
【知识点】
任务型阅读信息转换；固定短语搭配；词形词性变换
【点评】
本题以中国传统习俗为命题载体，既考查学生快速定位原文信息的基础阅读能力，又考查学生结合语法规则对原文信息进行转述转换的综合语言运用能力，部分空设置多个合理答案，兼顾了试题的灵活性，同时渗透了中国传统文化相关的文化意识培养，符合英语学科核心素养的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.6