三、根据汉语完成句子
1. 植物可以从空气中吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。
Plants can .
2. 女生占我们班学生的40％。
Girls in our class.
3. 雨林是世界上一半动植物的家园。
the world's animals and plants.
4. 这些生态系统使地球保持健康，使我们的世界变得更美好。
and make our world a better place.

1. take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen
2. make up 40% of the students
3. Rainforests are home to half of
4. These ecosystems keep the earth healthy

【分析】
1. 先拆分汉语句子的语义成分：“从空气中吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气”，其中“吸收”对应固定短语take in，“二氧化碳”是carbon dioxide，“从空气中”是from the air，“释放”是produce，“氧气”是oxygen；结合句中情态动词can后接动词原形，将各部分组合成符合英语表达的短语。
2. 汉语“占我们班学生的40％”，需用到固定短语make up（表示“占（比例）”），主语Girls为复数，谓语动词用原形，“40％”是40%，“我们班学生”是the students，组合成对应表达。
3. 汉语“雨林是世界上一半动植物的家园”，“雨林”译为Rainforests（复数，对应be动词are），固定搭配be home to表示“是……的家园”，“一半”是half of，将各部分组合成句子。
4. 汉语“这些生态系统使地球保持健康”，“这些生态系统”译为These ecosystems，“使……保持健康”用固定结构keep sth healthy，“地球”是the earth，结合后续and结构，填写该部分即可。
【解析】
1. 情态动词can后接动词原形，对应汉语“从空气中吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气”，故填take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen。
2. 固定短语make up表示“占（比例）”，主语Girls为复数，谓语用原形，对应汉语“占我们班学生的40％”，故填make up 40% of the students。
3. “雨林”译为Rainforests，固定搭配be home to表示“是……的家园”，对应汉语“世界上一半动植物的家园”，故填Rainforests are home to half of。
4. “这些生态系统”译为These ecosystems，固定结构keep sth healthy对应“使地球保持健康”，故填These ecosystems keep the earth healthy。
【答案】
1. take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen
2. make up 40% of the students
3. Rainforests are home to half of
4. These ecosystems keep the earth healthy
【知识点】
动词短语运用、固定搭配、汉译英基础
【点评】
本题为基础汉译英练习题，考察常用动词短语、固定搭配及简单句子结构，旨在巩固英语基础表达，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.7

四、阅读表达
In China, there's a really big desert called the Taklimakan Desert(塔克拉玛干沙漠). For a long time, it was spreading and causing a lot of problems. But guess what? On 28th November, 2024, an amazing thing happened in China—the Taklimakan Desert was successfully "closed up". The sand-blocking green belt(阻沙绿化带) is 3,046 kilometres.
Back in 1978, China started the important project called the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme(三北防护林工程). Many scientists and workers worked very hard to make this project successful. They planted billions of trees and shrubs along the edges(边缘) of the desert. Day by day, year after year, these plants grew up and formed a kind of "green wall", preventing the sand from moving further. This green wall was really powerful. It stopped the desert from growing bigger and bigger.
And now, the Taklimakan Desert has kind of "closed up"! That means it doesn't spread like it used to.
Because of this, the local environment has become much better. The air is cleaner, and there are more places for wild animals to live. People around there are also happier. It just shows that when humans devote significant efforts to scientific innovation(创新), we can positively influence nature!
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。（每小题答案不超过5个词）
1. When was the desert "closed up"?

2. How long is the sand-blocking green belt?

3. When did China start the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme?

4. What did the scientists and workers do in the project?

5. What do you think of the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme?

1. On 28th November, 2024.
2. 3,046 kilometres.
3. In 1978.
4. They planted billions of plants.
5. It's good for the environment.（言之有理即可）

【分析】
本题是阅读理解的细节信息题，需根据每个问题的核心关键词，在短文中定位对应内容，且答案需满足不超过5个词的要求。解题思路：1. 问题1问沙漠“闭合”的时间，定位原文中提及该事件的时间；2. 问题2问阻沙绿化带长度，定位原文中相关数据；3. 问题3问三北防护林工程启动时间，定位原文中项目起始年份；4. 问题4问科学家和工人的行为，提取他们在项目中的具体动作；5. 问题5问对三北工程的评价，结合原文提到的环境改善等内容提炼观点。
【解析】
1. 定位第一段“On 28th November, 2024, an amazing thing happened in China—the Taklimakan Desert was successfully 'closed up'”，提取时间作答；2. 定位第一段最后一句“The sand-blocking green belt is 3,046 kilometres”，提取长度作答；3. 定位第二段开头“Back in 1978, China started the important project called the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme”，提取年份作答；4. 定位第二段“They planted billions of trees and shrubs along the edges of the desert”，简化为符合要求的答案；5. 定位最后一段“the local environment has become much better”，提炼出对项目的正面评价作答。
【答案】
1. On 28th November, 2024.
2. 3,046 kilometres.
3. In 1978.
4. They planted billions of plants.
5. It's good for the environment.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解，信息提取，观点评价
【点评】
本题考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力，答案均来自原文，难度较低，学生只要仔细阅读短文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.3