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五、阅读理解
Do you like jogging, biking or swimming? They are all aerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise brings lots of good things. For example, people can live a long life if they often do aerobic exercise.
However, people get little aerobic exercise now. One of the problems is television. In the United States, for example, most people watch four hours of TV a day, but only spend 27 minutes doing exercise! A lot of doctors are worried about that and they say people can be easily tired or unhappy if they do not exercise.
Schools try to solve this problem by teaching children to exercise when they are young. PE is a very useful subject in schools. It teaches students how to play and exercise. By learning this subject, teachers and parents wish that their children can learn good exercise habits when they are young, and keep them when they get older.
Companies also encourage their workers to do more aerobic exercise. A lot of companies find that people are more quick-minded and creative in their jobs if they often get aerobic exercise. For this reason, many companies build exercise rooms for their workers.
How do you exercise? There are many fun and exciting kinds of aerobic exercise. Finding one that you like will give you the best chance of having a long and healthy life.
(
A. Better jobs. B. A longer life.
C. New hobbies. D. More time to watch TV.
(
A.27 minutes. B.1 hour. C.4 hours. D.6 hours.
(
A. Wait for. B. Work out. C. Pick up. D. Think about.
(
A. To give PE classes.
B. To help workers save money.
C. To let workers watch sports games.
D. To make workers exercise more and work better.
(
A. Watching TV is bad for health.
B. Companies need to build gyms.
C. Schools should have more PE classes.
D. Aerobic exercise is good and important.
Do you like jogging, biking or swimming? They are all aerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise brings lots of good things. For example, people can live a long life if they often do aerobic exercise.
However, people get little aerobic exercise now. One of the problems is television. In the United States, for example, most people watch four hours of TV a day, but only spend 27 minutes doing exercise! A lot of doctors are worried about that and they say people can be easily tired or unhappy if they do not exercise.
Schools try to solve this problem by teaching children to exercise when they are young. PE is a very useful subject in schools. It teaches students how to play and exercise. By learning this subject, teachers and parents wish that their children can learn good exercise habits when they are young, and keep them when they get older.
Companies also encourage their workers to do more aerobic exercise. A lot of companies find that people are more quick-minded and creative in their jobs if they often get aerobic exercise. For this reason, many companies build exercise rooms for their workers.
How do you exercise? There are many fun and exciting kinds of aerobic exercise. Finding one that you like will give you the best chance of having a long and healthy life.
(
B
)1. What can people get from doing aerobic exercise often?A. Better jobs. B. A longer life.
C. New hobbies. D. More time to watch TV.
(
C
)2. How long do most people in the US watch TV each day?A.27 minutes. B.1 hour. C.4 hours. D.6 hours.
(
B
)3. What does the underlined word "solve" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Wait for. B. Work out. C. Pick up. D. Think about.
(
D
)4. Why do some companies build exercise rooms?A. To give PE classes.
B. To help workers save money.
C. To let workers watch sports games.
D. To make workers exercise more and work better.
(
D
)5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Watching TV is bad for health.
B. Companies need to build gyms.
C. Schools should have more PE classes.
D. Aerobic exercise is good and important.
答案
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D
解析
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，我们可以按照先扫读全文把握核心主题，再逐题带着题干关键词回原文定位比对的思路解题：
1. 先通读全文，可知文章核心围绕有氧运动的益处展开，介绍了当前人们运动量不足的现状，以及学校、企业为推动有氧运动做出的举措。
2. 第1、2、4题都是细节理解题，直接提取题干里的核心名词，回到对应段落找原文原句，就能直接匹配正确选项。
3. 第3题是词义猜测题，结合划线词所在句的上下文，前文提到“人们现在几乎不做有氧运动”是一个待处理的问题，后文说学校通过教孩子从小锻炼来处理这个问题，就能推断出solve的含义。
4. 第5题是主旨大意题，要排除只覆盖局部段落内容的片面选项，找到贯穿全文的核心主题即可选出答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段最后一句"For example, people can live a long life if they often do aerobic exercise." 可知经常做有氧运动可以延长寿命，对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段"In the United States, for example, most people watch four hours of TV a day" 可知美国大部分人每天看4小时电视，对应选项C。
3. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句的前文指出“人们几乎不做有氧运动”是一个现存的问题，后文说明学校通过教孩子从小锻炼来应对这个问题，可推断solve意为“解决”，选项B的Work out有“解决（问题）”的含义，符合词义。
4. 细节理解题：根据第四段"A lot of companies find that people are more quick-minded and creative in their jobs if they often get aerobic exercise. For this reason, many companies build exercise rooms for their workers." 可知公司建运动室是为了鼓励员工多做有氧运动，让员工工作状态更好，对应选项D。
5. 主旨大意题：全文从有氧运动的好处切入，介绍了当下人们运动量不足的现状，分别说明学校、企业都在采取措施推动大家做有氧运动，核心是说明有氧运动有益、十分重要，其余选项都只是文章局部的片面内容，因此选D。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
这是一篇难度较低的说明文类阅读，绝大多数题目都可以通过回原文准确定位直接得到答案，仅词义猜测和主旨题需要结合上下文逻辑判断，既考察了学生的信息定位能力，也向学生科普了有氧运动的重要性，引导学生养成良好的运动习惯。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这篇阅读理解时，我们可以按照先扫读全文把握核心主题，再逐题带着题干关键词回原文定位比对的思路解题：
1. 先通读全文，可知文章核心围绕有氧运动的益处展开，介绍了当前人们运动量不足的现状，以及学校、企业为推动有氧运动做出的举措。
2. 第1、2、4题都是细节理解题，直接提取题干里的核心名词，回到对应段落找原文原句，就能直接匹配正确选项。
3. 第3题是词义猜测题，结合划线词所在句的上下文，前文提到“人们现在几乎不做有氧运动”是一个待处理的问题，后文说学校通过教孩子从小锻炼来处理这个问题，就能推断出solve的含义。
4. 第5题是主旨大意题，要排除只覆盖局部段落内容的片面选项，找到贯穿全文的核心主题即可选出答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段最后一句"For example, people can live a long life if they often do aerobic exercise." 可知经常做有氧运动可以延长寿命，对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段"In the United States, for example, most people watch four hours of TV a day" 可知美国大部分人每天看4小时电视，对应选项C。
3. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句的前文指出“人们几乎不做有氧运动”是一个现存的问题，后文说明学校通过教孩子从小锻炼来应对这个问题，可推断solve意为“解决”，选项B的Work out有“解决（问题）”的含义，符合词义。
4. 细节理解题：根据第四段"A lot of companies find that people are more quick-minded and creative in their jobs if they often get aerobic exercise. For this reason, many companies build exercise rooms for their workers." 可知公司建运动室是为了鼓励员工多做有氧运动，让员工工作状态更好，对应选项D。
5. 主旨大意题：全文从有氧运动的好处切入，介绍了当下人们运动量不足的现状，分别说明学校、企业都在采取措施推动大家做有氧运动，核心是说明有氧运动有益、十分重要，其余选项都只是文章局部的片面内容，因此选D。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
这是一篇难度较低的说明文类阅读，绝大多数题目都可以通过回原文准确定位直接得到答案，仅词义猜测和主旨题需要结合上下文逻辑判断，既考察了学生的信息定位能力，也向学生科普了有氧运动的重要性，引导学生养成良好的运动习惯。
【难度系数】
0.8
