四、阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Do you wonder why you get angry so easily while your friend smiles all the time? It's probably because you two have different 1 (personality). The personality is about how people think, behave, and react(作出反应) in different situations. So what 2 (make) people think, behave and react in certain ways?
Part of the reason is that people are born like this. A baby 3 (get) its blood type, genes, and other physical things 4 it's still inside its mother. These things may help decide what the baby 5 (be) like. But one's personality doesn't stop here. Family life, school education and life experiences can also make you 6 person you are. This doesn't mean it's 7 (possible) to change your personality. You can always try to make 8 (you) better. Don't get too worried 9 your shortcomings(缺点). Just accept them. This is a good way 10 (start) making changes.
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1. personalities
2. makes
3. gets
4. when
5. will be
6. the
7. impossible
8. yourself
9. about
10. to start

【分析】本题为英语语法填空题，需结合短文语境、语法规则及固定搭配完成填空。解题思路：先通读全文理解大意，再逐个分析每个空格的考点：1. 空格前有different，后接可数名词复数；2. 主语为单数概念，一般现在时谓语用三单；3. 主语是单数，一般现在时谓语用三单；4. 引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”；5. 表示将来的状态，用一般将来时；6. 特指某个人，用定冠词；7. 根据上下文逻辑，填possible的反义词；8. make后接反身代词；9. 固定搭配be worried about；10. 固定结构a way to do sth，用不定式。
【解析】1. 形容词different后需接可数名词复数，personality的复数形式为personalities，故填personalities；2. 主语what指代单数概念，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填makes；3. 主语a baby是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单，故填gets；4. 此处引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，用连词when，故填when；5. 语境指宝宝未来的状态，用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形，故填will be；6. 此处特指“你现在的这个人”，需用定冠词the，故填the；7. 根据上下文逻辑“这并不意味着改变你的性格是不可能的”，possible的反义词为impossible，故填impossible；8. make oneself better是固定表达，对应主语you，用反身代词yourself，故填yourself；9. 固定搭配be worried about意为“担心……”，故填about；10. a way to do sth是固定结构，意为“做某事的方法”，故填to start。
【答案】1. personalities 2. makes 3. gets 4. when 5. will be 6. the 7. impossible 8. yourself 9. about 10. to start
【知识点】名词复数变化、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础语法知识点，涵盖名词、动词、固定搭配等，需结合语境和语法规则解题，是常见的语法填空题型，注重基础应用，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7

五、阅读理解。（2025·江苏常州·期中）
You may disagree with your friends or family members in some cases. While disagreements can be uncomfortable, there are some steps you can take to make conversations more polite and meaningful.
Listen to their side
Even if you don't share someone's point of view, you can still listen to what they want to say. Show that you're paying attention by listening carefully without stopping them. Keep eye contact, nod and move your body towards the person you are listening to. Another way to show that you're listening is by asking questions or repeating what they have said. You can start by saying, “OK. If I understand you, you are saying...”
Try respectful language
When someone has an opinion you don't agree with, it can be easy to dismiss(摒弃) it. Some people refute(驳斥) others' opinions by attacking or making fun of them. Here are some ways for you to express opinions with respect. Don't use rude words like “stupid”. Stay calm and start with “I” instead of “You”. For example, you might say “I feel” or “I see this in another way”. Also, make sure you will not use “We” language, even if you know others in your group agree with you.
▲
An opinion with feelings is weak. If you have a strong opinion, you can make a better case for it with facts. Facts are not based on personal feelings or guesses, they are true statements. Say what you would like to say in a calm voice and make sure your facts are from sources(来源) that can be trusted. If you are stopped, gently remind the person that you gave them a turn to speak and now you would like to speak. Then give the person a chance to reply.
Find common(共同的) ground
You may find that you can't change others' minds, and they may not change yours. Still, look for points you agree on. You may also gain a better understanding of each other's opinion. In the end, it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships with others.
()1. What does the writer mainly explain in Paragraph 2?
A. Why do you need to listen to others' side?
B. How can you show that you are listening?
C. What can you say to express your understanding?
D. When do you ask questions or repeat others' words?
()2. What way does the writer use to connect the ideas in Paragraph 3?
A. Showing sequence.
B. Giving examples.
C. Presenting numbers.
D. Describing cause and effect.
()3. Which of the following is the most suitable for ▲?
A. Use facts instead
B. Say in a calm voice
C. Share better feelings
D. Give others a chance
()4. Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?
A. If you can't change others' minds, you can change yours.
B. If you're stopped, you need to give others a turn to speak.
C. To better understand others, looking for common views is necessary.
D. To have healthy communication, building strong relationships is important.

1. B 【点拨】根据“Show that you're paying attention by listening carefully without stopping them.”可知，第二段主要讲述的是如何通过肢体语言(如眼神交流、点头)、提问或复述对方的话来表明自己在倾听。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据第三段内容可知，本段通过列举具体方法(如避免粗鲁词汇、用“I”代替“You”、不用“We”语言)来说明如何恭敬地表达观点，属于“举例”。故选 B。
3. A 【点拨】根据“If you have a strong opinion, you can make a better case for it with facts. Facts are not based on personal feelings or guesses, they are true statements.”可知，本段强调“用事实而非情感支持观点”。故选 A。
4. C 【点拨】根据“Still, look for points you agree on. You may also gain a better understanding of each other's opinion.”可知，你要寻找你同意的观点，这样你们也可以更好地理解彼此的观点。故选 C。

【分析】
这是一篇关于处理分歧时礼貌沟通的英语阅读理解题，共4道选择题，分别考查段落主旨、段落结构、段落标题及细节理解。解题思路如下：
1. 第1题：定位第二段，梳理其核心内容，判断主旨；
2. 第2题：分析第三段的论证方式，明确其结构特点；
3. 第3题：结合空缺段的上下文内容，匹配最贴合的标题；
4. 第4题：逐一核对选项与原文细节，筛选符合原文表述的选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第二段核心围绕“如何展示自己在倾听”展开，如通过眼神交流、点头、提问等方式体现，对应选项B；
2. 第2题：第三段通过列举“避免粗鲁词汇、用‘I’代替‘You’、不用‘We’语言”等具体方法，说明如何尊重表达观点，属于举例论证，对应选项B；
3. 第3题：空缺段后文强调“用事实而非情感支撑观点”，对应选项A；
4. 第4题：A项原文未提及“改变自己的想法”；B项原文是“提醒对方已给其发言机会，现在自己要发言”，并非需要给别人机会；C项对应“寻找共识能更好理解彼此观点”，符合原文；D项原文是“健康沟通建立牢固关系”，因果倒置，因此选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、段落主旨、细节理解
【点评】
本题为英语期中阅读理解题，围绕沟通技巧展开，考查学生对段落主旨、论证方法、段落标题及细节信息的提取理解能力，需精准定位原文内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6