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训练5 体裁：记叙文 主题：著名人物 难度：★★★★★ 建议用时：8 min 正确率：/10
us use bear calm kind live mean with besides connect however influence
Wang Yangming (1472－1529) is a famous thinker of the Ming Dynasty as well as a writer, philosopher, and strategist. 1 in a rich family, he had the chance to get a good education. When he was 12 years old, his mother died. That made him start to think about the 2 of life. Once he had a discussion with his teacher about what the most important thing was in the world. He told his teacher that he hoped to be a sage person. At the age of 15, he wrote to the emperor to give advice. But his suggestions(建议) were put down 3 any reply. In 1506, Wang was sent to Guizhou Province, where it was very poor, to make up for his mistakes. Wang did not give up. He helped and taught the people there with 4 and warmth, and was loved by all of them. At that time, he came up with new ideas.
Wang 5 to follow the ideas of the Song Dynasty scholar Zhu Xi. Once he decided to study bamboo. He sat 6 in front of bamboo trees for three days and three nights to find their rules inside, but only found nothing. What was worse, he got ill in the end. Since then, Wang no longer believed “nature of things” theory(理论). Instead, he started to develop his own theory, trying 7 knowledge and action. Wang believed it was only through simultaneous(同步的) action that one could get the understanding of the world. 8 , in his eyes, everyone owns liangzhi, or innate wisdom. In other words, what we need to know is already inside us.
He brought the philosophy of Neo-Confucians to life, leading people to discover “true learning”. Nowadays, his theory keeps on 9 many Chinese, even people around the world. His philosophy encourages us to understand 10 fully and our relationship with the world, and so live up to what it can be.
1.
6.
us use bear calm kind live mean with besides connect however influence
Wang Yangming (1472－1529) is a famous thinker of the Ming Dynasty as well as a writer, philosopher, and strategist. 1 in a rich family, he had the chance to get a good education. When he was 12 years old, his mother died. That made him start to think about the 2 of life. Once he had a discussion with his teacher about what the most important thing was in the world. He told his teacher that he hoped to be a sage person. At the age of 15, he wrote to the emperor to give advice. But his suggestions(建议) were put down 3 any reply. In 1506, Wang was sent to Guizhou Province, where it was very poor, to make up for his mistakes. Wang did not give up. He helped and taught the people there with 4 and warmth, and was loved by all of them. At that time, he came up with new ideas.
Wang 5 to follow the ideas of the Song Dynasty scholar Zhu Xi. Once he decided to study bamboo. He sat 6 in front of bamboo trees for three days and three nights to find their rules inside, but only found nothing. What was worse, he got ill in the end. Since then, Wang no longer believed “nature of things” theory(理论). Instead, he started to develop his own theory, trying 7 knowledge and action. Wang believed it was only through simultaneous(同步的) action that one could get the understanding of the world. 8 , in his eyes, everyone owns liangzhi, or innate wisdom. In other words, what we need to know is already inside us.
He brought the philosophy of Neo-Confucians to life, leading people to discover “true learning”. Nowadays, his theory keeps on 9 many Chinese, even people around the world. His philosophy encourages us to understand 10 fully and our relationship with the world, and so live up to what it can be.
1.
Born
2. meaning
3. without
4. kindness
5. used
6.
calmly
7. to connect
8. Besides
9. influencing
10. ourselves
答案
训练5 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了王阳明的生平经历、思想形成过程及其对新儒家思想的贡献。
1. Born 根据空后“in a rich family”可知，王阳明出生在富裕的家庭；句首首字母需大写。故填 Born。
2. meaning 根据上文“When he was 12 years old, his mother died.”可知，12岁时，王阳明的母亲去世了，这让他开始思考生命的意义；根据空前“the”可知，此处应用名词。故填 meaning。
3. without 根据空前“But his suggestions were put down”可知，王阳明的建议被否决了，没有得到任何答复。故填 without。
4. kindness 根据空后“and was loved by all of them”可知，王阳明用善良和热情帮助和教导贵州人民，受到他们的喜爱；根据“and warmth”可知，此处应用名词。故填 kindness。
5. used 根据下文“Wang no longer believed ‘nature of things’ theory. Instead, he started to develop his own theory”可知，王阳明不再相信朱熹的“格物论”，开始发展自己的理论，由此可知，王阳明过去遵循朱熹的思想；used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。故填 used。
6. calmly 根据空后“in front of bamboo trees for three days and three nights”可知，王阳明静静地坐在竹树前三天三夜；修饰空前动词“sat”，应用副词。故填 calmly。
7. to connect 根据下文“Wang believed it was only through simultaneous action that one could get the understanding of the world.”可知，王阳明认为知识和行动并行才能了解世界，由此可知他试图将知识和行动联系起来，知行合一；try to do sth.表示“试图做某事”。故填 to connect。
8. Besides 上文“Wang believed it was only through simultaneous action that one could get the understanding of the world.”和下文“in his eyes, everyone owns liangzhi, or innate wisdom”都是王阳明的理论，“知行合一”和“致良知”，上下文是递进关系；句首首字母需大写。故填 Besides。
9. influencing 根据空后“many Chinese, even people around the world”可知，王阳明的理论一直影响着中国人，甚至全世界；keep on doing sth.表示“继续做某事”。故填 influencing。
10. ourselves 根据空后“and our relationship with the world”可知，王阳明的哲学鼓励我们充分了解自己；此处应用反身代词。故填 ourselves。
1. Born 根据空后“in a rich family”可知，王阳明出生在富裕的家庭；句首首字母需大写。故填 Born。
2. meaning 根据上文“When he was 12 years old, his mother died.”可知，12岁时，王阳明的母亲去世了，这让他开始思考生命的意义；根据空前“the”可知，此处应用名词。故填 meaning。
3. without 根据空前“But his suggestions were put down”可知，王阳明的建议被否决了，没有得到任何答复。故填 without。
4. kindness 根据空后“and was loved by all of them”可知，王阳明用善良和热情帮助和教导贵州人民，受到他们的喜爱；根据“and warmth”可知，此处应用名词。故填 kindness。
5. used 根据下文“Wang no longer believed ‘nature of things’ theory. Instead, he started to develop his own theory”可知，王阳明不再相信朱熹的“格物论”，开始发展自己的理论，由此可知，王阳明过去遵循朱熹的思想；used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。故填 used。
6. calmly 根据空后“in front of bamboo trees for three days and three nights”可知，王阳明静静地坐在竹树前三天三夜；修饰空前动词“sat”，应用副词。故填 calmly。
7. to connect 根据下文“Wang believed it was only through simultaneous action that one could get the understanding of the world.”可知，王阳明认为知识和行动并行才能了解世界，由此可知他试图将知识和行动联系起来，知行合一；try to do sth.表示“试图做某事”。故填 to connect。
8. Besides 上文“Wang believed it was only through simultaneous action that one could get the understanding of the world.”和下文“in his eyes, everyone owns liangzhi, or innate wisdom”都是王阳明的理论，“知行合一”和“致良知”，上下文是递进关系；句首首字母需大写。故填 Besides。
9. influencing 根据空后“many Chinese, even people around the world”可知，王阳明的理论一直影响着中国人，甚至全世界；keep on doing sth.表示“继续做某事”。故填 influencing。
10. ourselves 根据空后“and our relationship with the world”可知，王阳明的哲学鼓励我们充分了解自己；此处应用反身代词。故填 ourselves。
解析
【分析】首先通读全文，理解文章讲述王阳明的生平经历、思想形成及影响的主旨；接着结合每个空格的前后语境、固定搭配、词性要求，从给定词汇中选择合适的词，并根据句子结构调整词形（如动词过去式、副词、名词、反身代词等），同时注意句首首字母大写规则，逐步完成填空。
【解析】1. 此处表示“出生在富裕家庭”，be born in是固定搭配，用过去分词Born作状语，句首需大写，故填Born。
2. 由上文“母亲去世”可知，此处指思考生命的意义，定冠词the后接名词meaning，故填meaning。
3. 结合语境“建议被否决”，此处表示“没有任何回复”，用介词without，故填without。
4. 与warmth并列，需用名词，kindness（善良）符合语境，故填kindness。
5. 根据后文“不再相信朱熹的理论”可知，此处指过去遵循朱熹的思想，used to do是固定短语，故填used。
6. 修饰动词sat，需用副词calmly（静静地），故填calmly。
7. try to do sth.是固定搭配，此处指试图联系知识与行动，故填to connect。
8. 前后句为递进关系，用Besides（此外），句首需大写，故填Besides。
9. keep on doing sth.是固定搭配，此处指理论持续影响人们，故填influencing。
10. 与our对应，需用反身代词ourselves（我们自己），表示了解自身，故填ourselves。
【答案】1. Born 2. meaning 3. without 4. kindness 5. used 6. calmly 7. to connect 8. Besides 9. influencing 10. ourselves
【知识点】动词短语用法、词性转换、连词辨析
【点评】本文围绕王阳明的生平与思想展开，是一篇记叙文完形填空，需学生结合语境、固定搭配及词性变化选词，同时判断逻辑关系（递进），考查综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】0.2
【解析】1. 此处表示“出生在富裕家庭”，be born in是固定搭配，用过去分词Born作状语，句首需大写，故填Born。
2. 由上文“母亲去世”可知，此处指思考生命的意义，定冠词the后接名词meaning，故填meaning。
3. 结合语境“建议被否决”，此处表示“没有任何回复”，用介词without，故填without。
4. 与warmth并列，需用名词，kindness（善良）符合语境，故填kindness。
5. 根据后文“不再相信朱熹的理论”可知，此处指过去遵循朱熹的思想，used to do是固定短语，故填used。
6. 修饰动词sat，需用副词calmly（静静地），故填calmly。
7. try to do sth.是固定搭配，此处指试图联系知识与行动，故填to connect。
8. 前后句为递进关系，用Besides（此外），句首需大写，故填Besides。
9. keep on doing sth.是固定搭配，此处指理论持续影响人们，故填influencing。
10. 与our对应，需用反身代词ourselves（我们自己），表示了解自身，故填ourselves。
【答案】1. Born 2. meaning 3. without 4. kindness 5. used 6. calmly 7. to connect 8. Besides 9. influencing 10. ourselves
【知识点】动词短语用法、词性转换、连词辨析
【点评】本文围绕王阳明的生平与思想展开，是一篇记叙文完形填空，需学生结合语境、固定搭配及词性变化选词，同时判断逻辑关系（递进），考查综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】0.2
