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一、根据提示写单词
1. There are many beautiful towns along the c
2. It will take us a
3. He tries to keep a healthy w
4. The truck can carry about five t
1. There are many beautiful towns along the c
oast
(海滨).2. It will take us a
round
(大约) three days to finish the whole project.3. He tries to keep a healthy w
eight
(重量) by exercising every day.4. The truck can carry about five t
ons
(英吨) of goods at most.答案
1. coast 2. around 3. weight 4. tons
解析
【分析】
本题为根据首字母及汉语提示填写正确单词的题型，解题思路是：先明确每个小题给出的汉语含义，再结合首字母回忆对应的英文单词，最后注意单词的正确形式（如第4题因前面有数词five，需用名词复数形式）。
【解析】
1. 汉语意思为“海滨”，结合首字母c，对应单词为coast；
2. 汉语意思为“大约”，结合首字母a，对应单词为around；
3. 汉语意思为“重量”，结合首字母w，对应单词为weight；
4. 汉语意思为“英吨”，结合首字母t，且前面有数词five，需用名词复数形式，对应单词为tons。
【答案】
1. coast 2. around 3. weight 4. tons
【知识点】
单词拼写、名词用法、数词与名词搭配
【点评】
本题考查基础核心词汇的拼写及简单用法，属于基础题型，适合巩固日常词汇积累，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为根据首字母及汉语提示填写正确单词的题型，解题思路是：先明确每个小题给出的汉语含义，再结合首字母回忆对应的英文单词，最后注意单词的正确形式（如第4题因前面有数词five，需用名词复数形式）。
【解析】
1. 汉语意思为“海滨”，结合首字母c，对应单词为coast；
2. 汉语意思为“大约”，结合首字母a，对应单词为around；
3. 汉语意思为“重量”，结合首字母w，对应单词为weight；
4. 汉语意思为“英吨”，结合首字母t，且前面有数词five，需用名词复数形式，对应单词为tons。
【答案】
1. coast 2. around 3. weight 4. tons
【知识点】
单词拼写、名词用法、数词与名词搭配
【点评】
本题考查基础核心词汇的拼写及简单用法，属于基础题型，适合巩固日常词汇积累，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
5.在这里生活多年后，我们十分熟悉当地的生活了。
After living here for years, we
6.数千人参与了这次志愿活动。
7.我们必须学会如何应对困难。
We must learn how to
5.在这里生活多年后，我们十分熟悉当地的生活了。
After living here for years, we
are
familiar
with
the local life.6.数千人参与了这次志愿活动。
Thousands
of
people took part in the voluntary activity.7.我们必须学会如何应对困难。
We must learn how to
deal
with
difficulties.答案
5. are familiar with 6. Thousands of 7. deal with
解析
【分析】这几道题均考查英语常用固定短语的运用，解题时需结合汉语含义，回忆对应的英语固定短语，同时注意短语的形式要求（如be动词的时态、动词原形等）。第5题“熟悉”对应固定短语be familiar with，主语为we，需用一般现在时的be动词are；第6题“数千”是固定数词短语Thousands of；第7题“应对”对应动词短语deal with，how to后接动词原形。
【解析】5. 表达“熟悉”的固定短语为be familiar with，主语we是复数，句子为一般现在时，be动词用are，故填are familiar with；6. “数千”的固定表达是Thousands of，用于修饰可数名词复数people，符合语境；7. 表达“应对”的固定短语是deal with，“疑问词+to do”结构中to后接动词原形，故填deal with。
【答案】5. are familiar with 6. Thousands of 7. deal with
【知识点】固定短语搭配，数词短语，动词短语
【点评】本题为基础题型，考查常用固定短语的识记与运用，需牢记常见短语的搭配及形式要求，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】5. 表达“熟悉”的固定短语为be familiar with，主语we是复数，句子为一般现在时，be动词用are，故填are familiar with；6. “数千”的固定表达是Thousands of，用于修饰可数名词复数people，符合语境；7. 表达“应对”的固定短语是deal with，“疑问词+to do”结构中to后接动词原形，故填deal with。
【答案】5. are familiar with 6. Thousands of 7. deal with
【知识点】固定短语搭配，数词短语，动词短语
【点评】本题为基础题型，考查常用固定短语的识记与运用，需牢记常见短语的搭配及形式要求，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
三、立德树人·勇于追逐梦想 阅读理解
My dad is an archaeologist. Last year, he visited Spain. There is lots of work for an archaeologist in Spain because it’s got many examples of how people lived in the past. Its history is very long! My dad went to the Altamira Caves. The caves are famous because archaeologists discovered the first cave paintings there in 1879. My dad says that in the past, people told stories using art. They didn’t write like we do.
The paintings are over 14,000 years old. Many of the paintings on the cave walls show animals and people hunting. In one cave, a really big painting showed a bison (a type of animal). We think the paintings tell the story of how people hunted.
There were no paints or paintbrushes then, so the cave people used the things they found around them. They used sticks, leaves and animal hair for their brushes. They made paints with fruits, plants and blood!
When I grow up, I want to be an archaeologist like my father. He has a very interesting job and he sees amazing things!
(
A. Sticks, leaves and animal hair.
B. Fruits, plants and blood.
C. Fruits, blood and animal hair.
D. Sticks, plants and leaves.
(
A. To make the cave beautiful.
B. To tell their stories in this way.
C. To show their hunting tools.
D. To practise their painting skills.
(
A. How interesting the writer’s father’s job is.
B. How long the history of Spanish paintings is.
C. How amazing the paintings in Altamira Caves are.
D. How the Spanish people lived 14,000 years ago.
My dad is an archaeologist. Last year, he visited Spain. There is lots of work for an archaeologist in Spain because it’s got many examples of how people lived in the past. Its history is very long! My dad went to the Altamira Caves. The caves are famous because archaeologists discovered the first cave paintings there in 1879. My dad says that in the past, people told stories using art. They didn’t write like we do.
The paintings are over 14,000 years old. Many of the paintings on the cave walls show animals and people hunting. In one cave, a really big painting showed a bison (a type of animal). We think the paintings tell the story of how people hunted.
There were no paints or paintbrushes then, so the cave people used the things they found around them. They used sticks, leaves and animal hair for their brushes. They made paints with fruits, plants and blood!
When I grow up, I want to be an archaeologist like my father. He has a very interesting job and he sees amazing things!
(
A
)8. What did the ancient people use to make brushes?A. Sticks, leaves and animal hair.
B. Fruits, plants and blood.
C. Fruits, blood and animal hair.
D. Sticks, plants and leaves.
(
B
)9. Why did the ancient people paint on the cave walls?A. To make the cave beautiful.
B. To tell their stories in this way.
C. To show their hunting tools.
D. To practise their painting skills.
(
C
)10. 能力训练点·逻辑推理What is the main idea of the passage?A. How interesting the writer’s father’s job is.
B. How long the history of Spanish paintings is.
C. How amazing the paintings in Altamira Caves are.
D. How the Spanish people lived 14,000 years ago.
答案
8~10: ABC
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需通过定位原文对应信息解答细节题，概括文章核心内容解答主旨题。第8题需定位古代人制作画笔的材料；第9题需定位古代人在洞穴画画的原因；第10题需概括文章围绕阿尔塔米拉洞穴壁画展开的核心内容。
【解析】
8. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段“They used sticks, leaves and animal hair for their brushes.”可知，古代人用树枝、树叶和动物毛发制作画笔，对应选项A。
9. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“My dad says that in the past, people told stories using art. They didn’t write like we do.”可知，古代人通过在洞穴画画的方式讲述故事，对应选项B。
10. 主旨大意题：文章围绕作者的考古学家爸爸参观西班牙阿尔塔米拉洞穴展开，重点介绍洞穴中古老的壁画及其意义，核心是突出阿尔塔米拉洞穴壁画的惊人之处，对应选项C。
【答案】
8.A 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题考查阅读理解的细节查找与主旨概括能力，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解文章核心内容，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，需通过定位原文对应信息解答细节题，概括文章核心内容解答主旨题。第8题需定位古代人制作画笔的材料；第9题需定位古代人在洞穴画画的原因；第10题需概括文章围绕阿尔塔米拉洞穴壁画展开的核心内容。
【解析】
8. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段“They used sticks, leaves and animal hair for their brushes.”可知，古代人用树枝、树叶和动物毛发制作画笔，对应选项A。
9. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“My dad says that in the past, people told stories using art. They didn’t write like we do.”可知，古代人通过在洞穴画画的方式讲述故事，对应选项B。
10. 主旨大意题：文章围绕作者的考古学家爸爸参观西班牙阿尔塔米拉洞穴展开，重点介绍洞穴中古老的壁画及其意义，核心是突出阿尔塔米拉洞穴壁画的惊人之处，对应选项C。
【答案】
8.A 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题考查阅读理解的细节查找与主旨概括能力，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解文章核心内容，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
