三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全短文。
challenge create influence pilot research
Li Hua stood at the school science fair with a small model airplane. His project focused on how wind 1. its flight. As a young 2. , he had spent weeks testing different wing shapes after school.
His teacher, Mr Chen, watched him closely and asked, “This is a 3. project, Li Hua. What gave you the idea?” Li Hua smiled and explained, “I read about early 4. . They flew without modern technology, so it was very 5. for them to solve problems in the air. That gave me the idea to build a model and see how wind affects its flight.”
Li Hua's hard work paid off, and he won first prize.

1. influenced 2. researcher 3. creative 4. pilots
5. challenging

【分析】
做此类用所给单词适当形式填空的题目，需先通读短文理解语境，再结合每个空的句子结构、词性要求、时态等分析单词的正确形式：1. 空处需谓语动词，结合语境为过去发生的动作，需用动词过去式；2. 空处需表示人的名词，结合“young”修饰，转换对应名词；3. 空处修饰名词project，需用形容词；4. 空处指一类人，需用可数名词复数；5. 空处需形容词构成固定结构，转换对应形容词。
【解析】
1. 句子“how wind ____ its flight”中，空处作谓语，全文语境为过去的事件，故用动词influence的过去式influenced；
2. 由“a young”可知，空处需表示人的单数名词，research对应的表示研究者的名词是researcher；
3. 空处修饰名词project，需用create的形容词形式creative；
4. 此处指早期的飞行员这类人，pilot是可数名词，需用复数形式pilots；
5. 固定结构“it is + 形容词 + for sb to do sth”，challenge对应的形容词是challenging。
【答案】
1. influenced 2. researcher 3. creative 4. pilots 5. challenging
【知识点】
单词适当形式填空、词性转换、动词时态
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇运用，要求学生结合语境分析单词的正确形式，涉及词性转换、动词时态等知识点，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固词汇运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

四、语篇补全。
请阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文完整连贯。
A long time ago, people were very different from what we look like now. Over time, the human body has changed to adapt to（适应）new ways of life. 1. That's for sure. The development of technology is changing how we live.
Most of us now have much better food than people in the past did, so we grow taller. 2. However, we will not be as strong as we are now because we won't do a lot of physical work—robots will take over most of this work.
3. So we can expect that our legs will get shorter and our feet smaller, and our fingers（手指）will get longer. Our fingers and eyes will both get stronger because they'll be used more. Some people think it's even possible that people will have four toes（脚趾）, not five. The little toe may no longer be needed, so it will probably disappear sometime in the future.
4. It'll get smaller, perhaps, because the improvements in technology will mean that we don't need to communicate by talking so much, and because of that, our teeth will get smaller too.
Will all these things happen? If so, when? 5.
A. Now, what about the mouth?
B. These are questions no one can answer for sure.
C. In the future, people will probably be even taller.
D. We are already using our feet less and our hands more.
E. Can we expect the human body to change in the future?

1. E 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B

【分析】
解题思路：首先通读全文，明确文章主旨是探讨未来人类身体的变化；然后逐空分析空白处的上下文语境，梳理句子间的逻辑关系（如引出话题、承接上文、解释原因、引出下文、回应疑问等），再匹配对应选项，确保语句通顺、逻辑连贯。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文提到人类身体随时间变化，后文“That's for sure”是对前文问题的肯定回应，选项E提出“未来人类身体是否会变化”的问题，符合引出话题的逻辑，故选E。
2. 第2空：前文说明现在食物更好使人类长高，后文转折提及未来不会像现在强壮（因机器人代替体力活），选项C“未来人们可能更高”承接前文“长高”的内容，符合逻辑，故选C。
3. 第3空：后文阐述腿、脚、手指的变化，选项D“我们已更少用脚、更多用手”解释了脚变短、手指变长的原因，与后文内容呼应，故选D。
4. 第4空：后文围绕“嘴、牙齿变小”展开，选项A“那嘴呢？”引出下文关于嘴的内容，符合段落逻辑，故选A。
5. 第5空：前文提出两个关于未来变化的疑问，选项B“这些问题没人能确定回答”回应前文的问题，故选B。
【答案】
E C D A B
【知识点】
语篇补全、语境理解、逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的语篇补全题，聚焦考查学生对文章上下文语境的把握及逻辑推理能力，要求结合前后文的内容关联选择选项，整体难度适中，需注意句子间的逻辑呼应。
【难度系数】
0.6