四、跨学科 地理 阅读理解。
主题群:自然生态 子主题:地球运动 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★★
When your town has winter, the earth's axis(轴) is pointing away from the sun. Your town doesn't get as much light or heat from the sun. The days are shorter and colder.
Winter and summer happen because the earth is tilted(倾斜) as it revolves around the sun. The northern end of the earth's axis points towards the sun in summer. You have more hours of light in summer. Your part of the earth is towards the sun for more hours each day. When the part of the earth where you live is towards the sun, you have hotter days. In winter, when your part of the earth points away from the sun, you have colder days.
You have learned about winter and summer. There are two more seasons in the year. One comes after winter and before summer. The other season comes after summer and before winter. Can you name them? That's right. Spring comes between winter and summer and autumn comes after summer but before winter.
The four seasons are spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring and autumn are apposite seasons. Which season do you like best?
You have thought about the four seasons of the year. Each season is different. The seasons are made by the northern end of the axis pointing towards or away from the sun.
Your part of the world gets more heat from the sun when the northern end of the axis points to the sun. When the axis points away from the sun, you get less heat. Now you know why winter is colder than summer. The axis is pointing away from the sun in winter. It is pointing towards the sun in summer.
()1. What does the underlined word "revolves" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Moves. B. Turns. C. Jumps. D. Looks.
()2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Spring and winter are opposite seasons.
B. Days are longer and hotter in summer because of more sunlight.
C. The earth's axis points to the sun in winter.
D. The earth gets the same heat from the sun all year round.
()3. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How four seasons happen.
B. How the weather changes.
C. When the earth's axis points towards the sun.
D. When the earth's axis points away from the sun.
()4. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A film guide. B. A storybook.
C. A science magazine. D. A book review.

1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C

【分析】
本题为跨学科（地理与英语）阅读理解题，需结合文章内容及地理常识解答。解题思路如下：
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需根据上下文语境推测划线词含义，结合地球运动的地理常识判断；
2. 第2题是细节理解题，需定位原文对应内容，逐一核对选项正误；
3. 第3题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文核心内容，确定文章主题；
4. 第4题是推理判断题，需根据文章体裁（科普说明文）判断出处。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第二段“the earth is tilted as it revolves around the sun”可知，此处描述地球绕太阳的运动，revolve意为“环绕、旋转”，选项A“Moves（移动，此处指环绕移动）”符合语境；B“Turns（自转）”、C“Jumps（跳跃）”、D“Looks（看）”均不符合，故选A。
2. 细节理解题：A选项：原文第四段明确“Spring and autumn are opposite seasons”，而非spring和winter，错误；B选项：原文第二段提到“you have more hours of light in summer...hotter days”，说明夏天因光照更多而更长更热，正确；C选项：原文第一段指出“winter...the earth's axis is pointing away from the sun”，错误；D选项：原文提到不同季节地球获得的太阳热量不同，错误，故选B。
3. 主旨大意题：全文围绕“四季形成的原因（地球轴倾斜绕太阳运动）”展开，A选项“How four seasons happen（四季如何形成）”符合核心主题；B选项“天气变化”、C选项“轴指向太阳的时间”、D选项“轴远离太阳的时间”均为文章细节，非主旨，故选A。
4. 推理判断题：文章是介绍地球运动与四季的科普说明文，最可能出自科学杂志，C选项符合；A电影指南、B故事书、D书评均不符合该科普体裁，故选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、主旨大意题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题融合地理学科知识与英语阅读能力，考查不同阅读题型的解题技巧，需学生准确理解文章内容并结合常识判断，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6