B)阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Have you ever experienced an earthquake? There was a bad earthquake in Mexico City on 19th September 1985. A lot of buildings 1 (sudden) fell down, and hundreds of people were in danger. Many people 2 (sleep) at that time. After the earthquake, electricity supply was cut off in 40% of Mexico City. It was reported that lots of people died in the earthquake.
Lots of people in Mexico City became 3 (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered 4 (help). They took risks in bringing clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. Some doctors and nurses 5 (begin) to give people medicine and tried their best to help people on crowded streets.
The aftershock(余震) happened 6 the evening of 20th September. It was the 7 (strong) aftershock in Mexico City. "I told my students two things. First, we should protect 8 (we), because it is not a game. Second, we should get ready for everything in time," said Adelina, 9 teacher of a middle school. Although all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because both the students 10 the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, and they quickly ran out of the buildings.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

B)1. suddenly 2. were sleeping 3. volunteers 4. to help 5. began 6. on 7. strongest 8. ourselves 9. a 10. and

【分析】
本题为英语语篇填空，需结合语境、语法规则（词性转换、动词时态、固定搭配、介词、代词、冠词、连词等）解题。解题思路：1. 分析每个空在句中作的成分，确定所需词性或形式；2. 结合时间状语、固定搭配、上下文语境等确定正确答案。
【解析】
1. 此处修饰动词fell，需用副词，故将形容词sudden变为副词suddenly；
2. 时间状语“at that time”（过去某一时刻）提示用过去进行时，主语many people为复数，故填were sleeping；
3. 主语“lots of people”为复数，可数名词volunteer需用复数形式volunteers；
4. 固定搭配offer to do sth（主动提出做某事），故填to help；
5. 全文讲述1985年的地震，时态为一般过去时，begin的过去式为began；
6. 具体某天的晚上前用介词on，故填on；
7. 句中给出范围“in Mexico City”，且前有定冠词the，需用形容词最高级，故填strongest；
8. 主语为we，此处表示“保护我们自己”，需用反身代词ourselves；
9. 泛指“一位中学老师”，teacher为辅音音素开头的可数名词单数，故用不定冠词a；
10. 固定搭配both...and...（两者都），故填and。
【答案】
B)1. suddenly 2. were sleeping 3. volunteers 4. to help 5. began 6. on 7. strongest 8. ourselves 9. a 10. and
【知识点】
动词时态、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法与语篇理解，涉及副词、时态、名词复数、固定搭配、介词、最高级、反身代词、冠词、连词等考点，需结合语境和语法规则填空，难度适中，能有效考查学生的基础语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读理解。
①In early January 2025, a huge fire broke out in Los Angeles, California. The strong Santa Ana wind made the fire spread very quickly. The fire hurt not only people’s houses but also the environment around them.
②A lot of forests and grasslands were burned. Many trees turned black, and the green grass was gone. All those plants were important for animals. Without them, animals lost their homes and food. Squirrels(松鼠) that lived in tree holes had to run away. Deer that ate the grass had nothing to eat. Some small animals like mice and rabbits died in the fire.
③The soil also got into big trouble. Plants usually help keep the soil in place. But after the fire, there were no plants. When it rained, the rain washed the soil away. In some hilly places, mudslides(泥石流) occurred. They broke roads and even destroyed some houses.
④The air became dirty too. The fire sent a lot of smoke and bad things into the air. People in the areas near the fire had to wear masks. If someone had trouble breathing, they were in even more danger.
⑤All in all, the 2025 Los Angeles wildfire was a big blow for nature. It will take a very long time for everything to get back to normal. People need to think about how to prevent this kind of fire in the future.
()1. What made the wildfire in Los Angeles spread quickly in 2025?
A. Rain. B. Wind. C. Earthquakes. D. Snowstorms.
()2. What does the underlined word “occurred” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Shared. B. Happened. C. Accepted. D. Changed.
()3. 创新考法·篇章结构 What’s the structure(结构) of the passage?
A. ①//②③④//⑤ B. ①②//③④//⑤
C. ①②③//④⑤ D. ①//②③//④⑤
()4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The wildfire in Los Angeles
B. The firefighters in Los Angeles
C. How to prevent wildfire in the future
D. The changes of Los Angeles

1. B 【点拨】根据第一段中的“In early January 2025, a huge fire broke out in Los Angeles, California. The strong Santa Ana wind made the fire spread very quickly.”可知,风让 2025 年洛杉矶的野火迅速蔓延。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】由第三段中的“When it rained, the rain washed the soil away. In some hilly places, mudslides(泥石流) occurred. They broke roads and even destroyed some houses.”可知,这里指的是泥石流发生了,occurred 与 happened 同义。故选 B。
3. A 【点拨】通读全文,第一段总述火灾发生的情况;第二、三、四段分别介绍野火对动植物的影响、对土壤的影响、对空气的影响;第五段总述火灾对大自然是一个巨大的打击。故选 A。
4. A 【点拨】本文主要介绍了 2025 年洛杉矶的野火,因此这篇文章的最佳标题是“洛杉矶的野火”。故选 A。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、篇章结构、主旨大意四类题型。解题思路如下：1. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，查找直接信息；2. 词义猜测题：结合划线词所在句的上下文语境，推断词义；3. 篇章结构题：梳理各段落核心内容，划分段落逻辑结构；4. 主旨大意题：概括全文核心话题，排除偏离主题的选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干“what made the wildfire spread quickly”定位第一段，原文提到“The strong Santa Ana wind made the fire spread very quickly”，可知是风导致野火快速蔓延，故选B。
2. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句描述泥石流的情况，后文提到泥石流“broke roads and even destroyed some houses”，结合语境可知此处指泥石流“发生”，occurred与happened同义，故选B。
3. 篇章结构题：梳理段落逻辑：①段总述2025年洛杉矶野火发生；②③④段分别介绍野火对动植物、土壤、空气的影响；⑤段总结野火对自然的打击。因此结构为①//②③④//⑤，故选A。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕2025年洛杉矶的野火展开，介绍其影响，因此最佳标题为“洛杉矶的野火”，故选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、词义猜测、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本题是典型的英语阅读理解综合考查题，涵盖初中英语阅读核心考点，要求学生具备原文定位、语境猜词、结构分析和主旨概括能力，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6