四、阅读理解。〔人与社会——和睦共处〕
If you have a good neighbour，you will be a lucky person. You have someone who cares about your needs and your property(财产).
A good neighbour is someone who，for example，understands that your children may run across his or her garden，even though you tell them not to. He or she realizes that children can be careless about things like that，and he or she won't make a big fuss about it unless it becomes a regular thing. He or she doesn't make a big deal about it.
A good neighbour is also respectful(尊重的) to your property. For example，he or she won't plant a huge tree between your houses without asking how you feel about it. If he or she wants to put up a fence，he or she will let you know first. He or she might work with you to decide where it should be placed.
A good neighbour will lend you some milk if you don't have any. He or she will give you a ride to work if there is something wrong with your car，and let your children stay at his or her house in the evening if you are really busy with work. You will do the same for him or her. Both of you will help make each other's life easier.
() 1. What will a good neighbour do if a child runs across his or her garden?
A. He or she will punish the child.
B. He or she will try to understand.
C. He or she will take the child to his or her parents.
D. He or she will take good care of the child.
() 2. A good neighbour won't .
A. care if your child is careless about his or her things
B. give you a ride if your car is broken
C. let you know before putting up a fence in front of his or her house
D. help you if you are in trouble
() 3. Good neighbours make each other's life easier by .
A. helping each other
B. taking care of each other's children
C. taking each other to work
D. working together
() 4. What does the underlined phrase "make a big fuss" mean in Chinese?
A. 无所事事
B. 大惊小怪
C. 漠不关心
D. 置之不理

1~4. BAAB

【分析】
这是一篇介绍好邻居特质的生活化阅读理解题，解题时首先可以先浏览所有题干，标记每道题的核心关键词，之后带着问题回到原文对应段落定位相关内容，将选项和原文描述逐一比对，排除不符合原文的错误选项；词义猜测题则结合前后文给出的同义表达和语境逻辑，推导划线短语的含义，即可得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段第一句“A good neighbour is someone who, for example, understands that your children may run across his or her garden”，可知当孩子跑过邻居家花园时，好邻居会表示理解，对应选项B。选项A“惩罚孩子”、C“把孩子带去给家长”、D“好好照顾孩子”原文均未提及，因此选B。
2. 细节理解题：本题要求选出好邻居不会做的事。根据第二段内容可知，好邻居知道孩子容易粗心，不会对这类小事计较，也就是不会在意你家孩子对他的东西粗心，对应选项A的描述。选项B“你的车坏了载你一程”、C“装围栏前提前告知你”、D“你遇到麻烦时帮助你”都是原文提到的好邻居会做的事，因此选A。
3. 细节理解题：定位原文最后一段“You will do the same for him or her. Both of you will help make each other's life easier”，可知好邻居通过互相帮助让彼此的生活更轻松，对应选项A。选项B、C都只是互相帮助的个别小事，不能概括整体原因，选项D表述不符合原文，因此选A。
4. 词义猜测题：划线短语后文紧接着给出了同义解释“He or she doesn't make a big deal about it”，make a big deal意为“小题大做、过度在意”，结合语境可知孩子跑过花园这种小事，好邻居不会大惊小怪，因此短语含义是“大惊小怪”，选B。
【答案】
1~4. BAAB
【知识点】
阅读理解信息定位，词义猜测技巧，细节理解判断
【点评】
本篇阅读主题贴近学生日常生活，围绕和睦邻里的相处展开，题目以基础细节题为主，仅最后一道词义猜测题需要结合上下文同义表达推导，难度较低，既能锻炼学生快速定位原文信息的阅读能力，也能引导学生理解邻里之间互相尊重、互相帮助的相处准则。
【难度系数】
0.8