1. (教材习题变式)(2025·烟台)$|-3|$的倒数是(
A.3
B.$\dfrac{1}{3}$
C.$-3$
D.$-\dfrac{1}{3}$
B
)A.3
B.$\dfrac{1}{3}$
C.$-3$
D.$-\dfrac{1}{3}$
答案
1.B
2. 观察算式$(-20)×24×\dfrac{1}{6}×(-5)$,在解题过程中,能使运算变得简便的运算律是 (
A.乘法交换律
B.乘法结合律
C.乘法交换律、结合律
D.乘法分配律
C
)A.乘法交换律
B.乘法结合律
C.乘法交换律、结合律
D.乘法分配律
答案
2.C 解析:$(-20)×24×\dfrac{1}{6}×(-5)=[(-20)×(-5)]×(24×\dfrac{1}{6})$,运用的是乘法交换律与结合律.
3. 计算$(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4})×(-12)$时,为了避免通分,可以使用的运算律是(
A.乘法分配律
B.乘法结合律
C.乘法交换律
D.乘法结合律和交换律
A
)A.乘法分配律
B.乘法结合律
C.乘法交换律
D.乘法结合律和交换律
答案
3.A
4. 写出下列各数的倒数:
(1)$-5$的倒数是
(2)$-\dfrac{1}{2}$的倒数是
(3)$-1\dfrac{2}{3}$的倒数是
(4)$-1.5$的倒数是
(1)$-5$的倒数是
$-\dfrac{1}{5}$
;(2)$-\dfrac{1}{2}$的倒数是
$-2$
;(3)$-1\dfrac{2}{3}$的倒数是
$-\dfrac{3}{5}$
;(4)$-1.5$的倒数是
$-\dfrac{2}{3}$
。答案
4. (1)$-\dfrac{1}{5}$ (2)$-2$ (3)$-\dfrac{3}{5}$ (4)$-\dfrac{2}{3}$
5. 3的相反数是
$-3$
,3的倒数是$\dfrac{1}{3}$
.答案
5. $-3$ $\dfrac{1}{3}$
6. 计算:
(1)$(-\dfrac{3}{7})×0.125×(-2\dfrac{1}{3})×(-8)$;
(2)$1.6×(-1\dfrac{4}{5})×(-2.5)×(-\dfrac{3}{8})$;
(3)$(\dfrac{4}{7}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{2}{21})×(-63)$;
(4)$-\dfrac{3}{4}×(8-1\dfrac{1}{3}-0.4)$。
(1)$(-\dfrac{3}{7})×0.125×(-2\dfrac{1}{3})×(-8)$;
(2)$1.6×(-1\dfrac{4}{5})×(-2.5)×(-\dfrac{3}{8})$;
(3)$(\dfrac{4}{7}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{2}{21})×(-63)$;
(4)$-\dfrac{3}{4}×(8-1\dfrac{1}{3}-0.4)$。
答案
6. (1)原式$=-(\dfrac{3}{7}×\dfrac{1}{8}×\dfrac{7}{3}×8)=-1.$
(2)原式$=-\dfrac{8}{5}×\dfrac{3}{8}×\dfrac{9}{5}×\dfrac{5}{2}=-\dfrac{27}{10}.$
(3)原式$=\dfrac{4}{7}×(-63)-\dfrac{1}{9}×(-63)+\dfrac{2}{21}×(-63)=-36-(-7)+(-6)=-36+7-6=-35.$
(4)原式$=-\dfrac{3}{4}×8+\dfrac{3}{4}×\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}×\dfrac{2}{5}=-6+1+\dfrac{3}{10}=-4\dfrac{7}{10}.$
(2)原式$=-\dfrac{8}{5}×\dfrac{3}{8}×\dfrac{9}{5}×\dfrac{5}{2}=-\dfrac{27}{10}.$
(3)原式$=\dfrac{4}{7}×(-63)-\dfrac{1}{9}×(-63)+\dfrac{2}{21}×(-63)=-36-(-7)+(-6)=-36+7-6=-35.$
(4)原式$=-\dfrac{3}{4}×8+\dfrac{3}{4}×\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}×\dfrac{2}{5}=-6+1+\dfrac{3}{10}=-4\dfrac{7}{10}.$
登录