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一、完形填空 先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Brittany Amano wants to make sure every child in the US has enough to eat.
Brittany Amano, now 18, knew how it felt to go hungry. Her mother tried to find a 1 in Honolulu, Hawaii to support the family. Her grandmother helped out as much as she could. But the family 2 had to depend on a local food bank to live on, and for that she was 3.
When they lost their home, Amano's family had to live in a friend's basement. "I could feel 4 hunger and homelessness influenced my family," Amano told a reporter from TFK. "The experience made me want to give 5 to others in the same situation."
$In the fourth grade, she and some of her friends started a food project. They raised 700 and collected 800 pounds of food. \_\_\_\_\_\_6\_\_\_\_\_\_ twelve, Amano set up the nonprofit ($非营利的) group Hawaii's Future Isn't Hunger. She hoped to raise 10,000 7 she finished high school. She ended up raising more than 500,000 in four years.
With the money collected, the nonprofit group, now called The Future Isn't Hungry, can offer fresh fruits, vegetables, and other healthy foods to school kids on Fridays. This is to make sure that the kids and 8 families have enough food to get them through the weekend. So far, the efforts have helped more than 750,000 people.
In the fall of this year, Amano will enter Duke University, in North Carolina on a full scholarship. After graduation, she plans to return to Honolulu to 9 to the city that gave her so much.
"It doesn't matter if you help one million people or just one person," she says. "The smallest action can make a huge 10."
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(
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Brittany Amano wants to make sure every child in the US has enough to eat.
Brittany Amano, now 18, knew how it felt to go hungry. Her mother tried to find a 1 in Honolulu, Hawaii to support the family. Her grandmother helped out as much as she could. But the family 2 had to depend on a local food bank to live on, and for that she was 3.
When they lost their home, Amano's family had to live in a friend's basement. "I could feel 4 hunger and homelessness influenced my family," Amano told a reporter from TFK. "The experience made me want to give 5 to others in the same situation."
$In the fourth grade, she and some of her friends started a food project. They raised 700 and collected 800 pounds of food. \_\_\_\_\_\_6\_\_\_\_\_\_ twelve, Amano set up the nonprofit ($非营利的) group Hawaii's Future Isn't Hunger. She hoped to raise 10,000 7 she finished high school. She ended up raising more than 500,000 in four years.
With the money collected, the nonprofit group, now called The Future Isn't Hungry, can offer fresh fruits, vegetables, and other healthy foods to school kids on Fridays. This is to make sure that the kids and 8 families have enough food to get them through the weekend. So far, the efforts have helped more than 750,000 people.
In the fall of this year, Amano will enter Duke University, in North Carolina on a full scholarship. After graduation, she plans to return to Honolulu to 9 to the city that gave her so much.
"It doesn't matter if you help one million people or just one person," she says. "The smallest action can make a huge 10."
(
A
) 1. A. job B. club C. house D. school(
B
) 2. A. yet B. still C. just D. never(
D
) 3. A. careful B. helpful C. hopeful D. thankful(
B
) 4. A. why B. how C. what D. while(
A
) 5. A. hope B. choice C. surprises D. pleasure(
B
) 6. A. By B. At C. Until D. Below(
C
) 7. A. so B. since C. when D. if(
C
) 8. A. his B. her C. their D. our(
C
) 9. A. set off B. get down C. give back D. come up(
A
) 10. A. difference B. influence C. action D. attention答案
1—5: ABDBA 6—10: BCCCA
解析
【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，理清故事主线：本文讲述了曾亲身经历饥饿、家庭困顿的女孩Brittany Amano，在得到食物银行的帮助后心怀感恩，从小创办公益项目帮助同样处境的群体，最终践行微小行动也能带来巨大改变的励志故事。解题时每道题先结合前后文的语境线索，辨析选项词义，同时结合语法规则、固定搭配逐一排除不符合逻辑的选项，选出最贴合上下文语义的答案。
【解析】
1. 句意：她的妈妈努力在夏威夷火奴鲁鲁找一份工作来养家。A. job工作；B. club俱乐部；C. house房子；D. school学校。要支撑家庭开支对应的行为是找工作，选A。
2. 句意：但是这个家庭仍然不得不依靠当地的食物银行过活。A. yet还（多用于否定句、疑问句）；B. still仍然；C. just刚刚；D. never从不。前文提到妈妈努力找工作、奶奶也尽力帮忙，转折后表示即便如此家庭还是需要依靠食物银行，选B。
3. 句意：对于食物银行的帮助她心怀感激。A. careful小心的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. thankful感激的。食物银行帮家里渡过生存难关，她的态度自然是感恩的，选D。
4. 句意：我能感受到饥饿和无家可归是如何影响我的家人的。A. why为什么；B. how如何；C. what什么；D. while当……时候。此处表达她亲身感知到困境影响家人的方式，用how符合语义，选B。
5. 句意：这段经历让我想要给处境相同的其他人带去希望。A. hope希望；B. choice选择；C. surprises惊喜；D. pleasure快乐。身处饥饿、无家可归的困境，最需要获得的是走出困境的希望，选A。
6. 句意：12岁时，Amano创立了非营利组织“夏威夷的未来不会饥饿”。“at + 基数词”是固定用法，意为“在某岁时”，选B。
7. 句意：她希望在高中毕业的时候筹到1万美元。A. so所以；B. since自从；C. when当……的时候；D. if如果。此处引导时间状语，指代高中毕业的时间节点，选C。
8. 句意：这是为了确保这些孩子和他们的家庭有足够的食物撑过周末。此处指代前文的复数名词the kids，对应的形容词性物主代词是their，选C。
9. 句意：毕业后，她计划回到火奴鲁鲁，回馈这个给予了她很多的城市。A. set off出发；B. get down下来；C. give back回馈、回报；D. come up出现。符合“回报曾帮助自己的城市”语境的是give back，选C。
10. 句意：再小的行动也能产生巨大的影响。make a huge difference是固定搭配，意为“产生巨大影响、带来很大改变”，选A。
【答案】
1—5: ABDBA 6—10: BCCCA
【知识点】
完形语境辨析，固定短语搭配，代词用法
【点评】
本题属于人物励志类完形填空，考点覆盖了名动形副等词义辨析、连词介词用法、动词短语、固定搭配等初中英语完形高频考点，解题核心是要抓住全文的情感主线，依托上下文的线索提示选答案，不要脱离语境孤立判断单句，同时要注意积累make a difference、give back这类高频固定短语。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，理清故事主线：本文讲述了曾亲身经历饥饿、家庭困顿的女孩Brittany Amano，在得到食物银行的帮助后心怀感恩，从小创办公益项目帮助同样处境的群体，最终践行微小行动也能带来巨大改变的励志故事。解题时每道题先结合前后文的语境线索，辨析选项词义，同时结合语法规则、固定搭配逐一排除不符合逻辑的选项，选出最贴合上下文语义的答案。
【解析】
1. 句意：她的妈妈努力在夏威夷火奴鲁鲁找一份工作来养家。A. job工作；B. club俱乐部；C. house房子；D. school学校。要支撑家庭开支对应的行为是找工作，选A。
2. 句意：但是这个家庭仍然不得不依靠当地的食物银行过活。A. yet还（多用于否定句、疑问句）；B. still仍然；C. just刚刚；D. never从不。前文提到妈妈努力找工作、奶奶也尽力帮忙，转折后表示即便如此家庭还是需要依靠食物银行，选B。
3. 句意：对于食物银行的帮助她心怀感激。A. careful小心的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. thankful感激的。食物银行帮家里渡过生存难关，她的态度自然是感恩的，选D。
4. 句意：我能感受到饥饿和无家可归是如何影响我的家人的。A. why为什么；B. how如何；C. what什么；D. while当……时候。此处表达她亲身感知到困境影响家人的方式，用how符合语义，选B。
5. 句意：这段经历让我想要给处境相同的其他人带去希望。A. hope希望；B. choice选择；C. surprises惊喜；D. pleasure快乐。身处饥饿、无家可归的困境，最需要获得的是走出困境的希望，选A。
6. 句意：12岁时，Amano创立了非营利组织“夏威夷的未来不会饥饿”。“at + 基数词”是固定用法，意为“在某岁时”，选B。
7. 句意：她希望在高中毕业的时候筹到1万美元。A. so所以；B. since自从；C. when当……的时候；D. if如果。此处引导时间状语，指代高中毕业的时间节点，选C。
8. 句意：这是为了确保这些孩子和他们的家庭有足够的食物撑过周末。此处指代前文的复数名词the kids，对应的形容词性物主代词是their，选C。
9. 句意：毕业后，她计划回到火奴鲁鲁，回馈这个给予了她很多的城市。A. set off出发；B. get down下来；C. give back回馈、回报；D. come up出现。符合“回报曾帮助自己的城市”语境的是give back，选C。
10. 句意：再小的行动也能产生巨大的影响。make a huge difference是固定搭配，意为“产生巨大影响、带来很大改变”，选A。
【答案】
1—5: ABDBA 6—10: BCCCA
【知识点】
完形语境辨析，固定短语搭配，代词用法
【点评】
本题属于人物励志类完形填空，考点覆盖了名动形副等词义辨析、连词介词用法、动词短语、固定搭配等初中英语完形高频考点，解题核心是要抓住全文的情感主线，依托上下文的线索提示选答案，不要脱离语境孤立判断单句，同时要注意积累make a difference、give back这类高频固定短语。
【难度系数】
0.7
A
Triathlon is a race in which each person swims, rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances. It has been held ten times in Hope Town. Sam, aged 20, finished nine races with his younger brother Luke. Every race was a victory (胜利) for them. Luke can't walk, talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth. But Sam wants his brother to know what it feels like to be part of a sport instead of having to sit and watch. A local TV journalist interviewed Sam after he received the Town Hero Award.
(J=Journalist, S=Sam)
J: How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events?
S: When I was ten, my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons. One of the men had a condition like Luke has. I got the idea from that.
J: What's it like having Luke along?
S: I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon, for I'm giving something to Luke. He can experience things any other man would.
J: What do you get from him?
S: It's the smile on Luke's face. That smile brightens me. The feeling of knowing that I've done something for him is unbelievable.
J: When you received the Town Hero Award, you talked about the importance of changing the way you see things. What did you mean?
S: People see Luke very differently:"Oh, he can't do something like that. He's disabled." But if you just change how you see things, you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming, biking or even triathlons, as we do.
J: What would you like to share with other young men?
S: I feel that my brother's experience shows you that with a change of mind, you can make something impossible happen.
J: Thank you. We all admire you for your unusual experiences and achievements.
S: All I've achieved is my love as well.
(
A. B. C. D.
(
A. Giving Luke the same experience as others. B. Helping Luke with his condition.
C. Winning the Town Hero Award. D. Seeing Luke's bright smile.
(
A. By taking Luke's experience as an example.
B. By describing Luke's disabilities.
C. By explaining people's different opinions.
D. By comparing different methods of changing.
Triathlon is a race in which each person swims, rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances. It has been held ten times in Hope Town. Sam, aged 20, finished nine races with his younger brother Luke. Every race was a victory (胜利) for them. Luke can't walk, talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth. But Sam wants his brother to know what it feels like to be part of a sport instead of having to sit and watch. A local TV journalist interviewed Sam after he received the Town Hero Award.
(J=Journalist, S=Sam)
J: How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events?
S: When I was ten, my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons. One of the men had a condition like Luke has. I got the idea from that.
J: What's it like having Luke along?
S: I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon, for I'm giving something to Luke. He can experience things any other man would.
J: What do you get from him?
S: It's the smile on Luke's face. That smile brightens me. The feeling of knowing that I've done something for him is unbelievable.
J: When you received the Town Hero Award, you talked about the importance of changing the way you see things. What did you mean?
S: People see Luke very differently:"Oh, he can't do something like that. He's disabled." But if you just change how you see things, you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming, biking or even triathlons, as we do.
J: What would you like to share with other young men?
S: I feel that my brother's experience shows you that with a change of mind, you can make something impossible happen.
J: Thank you. We all admire you for your unusual experiences and achievements.
S: All I've achieved is my love as well.
(
D
) 1. What is a triathlon?A. B. C. D.
(
A
) 2. What was Sam's purpose of having Luke along in triathlon??A. Giving Luke the same experience as others. B. Helping Luke with his condition.
C. Winning the Town Hero Award. D. Seeing Luke's bright smile.
(
A
) 3. How did Sam show the importance of changing the way we see things?A. By taking Luke's experience as an example.
B. By describing Luke's disabilities.
C. By explaining people's different opinions.
D. By comparing different methods of changing.
答案
1—3: DAA
解析
【分析】
我们逐题梳理解题思路：
1. 第1题：先回到原文找铁人三项的定义，文章开篇明确说明铁人三项是参赛者完成游泳、骑自行车、长距离跑步三个项目的赛事，接下来对比四幅插图，只有D图的三个图案分别对应游泳、骑自行车、跑步三个项目，完全符合定义，其余插图分别混入了体操、划船、马术等不属于铁人三项的项目，因此可以确定答案。
2. 第2题：定位Sam谈及带Luke参赛初衷的语句，原文明确提到Sam希望Luke能体验其他普通人能体验的事物，逐一排除错误选项：文中没有提到参赛可以改善Luke的身体状况，拿奖是后续的荣誉不是参赛初衷，看到Luke的笑容是Sam参赛过程中获得的收获而非目的，因此锁定正确选项。
3. 第3题：定位记者提问对应的回答部分，Sam用大众原本认为Luke残疾什么都做不了，但实际Luke和自己一起完成了九次铁人三项的亲身经历作为实例，来论证转变看待事物方式的重要性，直接对应正确选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据文章首句“Triathlon is a race in which each person swims, rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances.”可知铁人三项包含游泳、骑行、长跑三个项目，只有D选项的运动图案完全对应这三个项目，其余选项均包含不属于铁人三项的运动项目，因此选D。
2. 细节理解题：根据Sam的表述“He can experience things any other man would.”，可知Sam带Luke参赛的目的是让Luke获得和其他普通人一样的运动体验，B选项文中未提及参赛可以改善Luke的先天疾病，C选项获得Town Hero奖项是后续的荣誉并非参赛初衷，D选项看到Luke的笑容是Sam参赛过程中获得的收获而非目的，因此选A。
3. 推理判断题：Sam反驳了大众认为Luke残疾无法参与运动的固有偏见，用自己和Luke共同完成九次铁人三项的亲身经历作为实例，论证了转变看待事物的方式就能发现更多可能性的观点，是通过Luke的亲身经历举例说明该观点，因此选A。
【答案】
1—3: DAA
【知识点】
细节理解，推理判断，体育常识
【点评】
本题属于人物故事类阅读，考点以基础的细节定位为主，难度较低，学生只要准确定位原文对应语句，结合铁人三项的定义匹配插图就能顺利选出正确答案，同时故事本身也能引导学生建立多角度看待事物的意识。
【难度系数】
0.8
我们逐题梳理解题思路：
1. 第1题：先回到原文找铁人三项的定义，文章开篇明确说明铁人三项是参赛者完成游泳、骑自行车、长距离跑步三个项目的赛事，接下来对比四幅插图，只有D图的三个图案分别对应游泳、骑自行车、跑步三个项目，完全符合定义，其余插图分别混入了体操、划船、马术等不属于铁人三项的项目，因此可以确定答案。
2. 第2题：定位Sam谈及带Luke参赛初衷的语句，原文明确提到Sam希望Luke能体验其他普通人能体验的事物，逐一排除错误选项：文中没有提到参赛可以改善Luke的身体状况，拿奖是后续的荣誉不是参赛初衷，看到Luke的笑容是Sam参赛过程中获得的收获而非目的，因此锁定正确选项。
3. 第3题：定位记者提问对应的回答部分，Sam用大众原本认为Luke残疾什么都做不了，但实际Luke和自己一起完成了九次铁人三项的亲身经历作为实例，来论证转变看待事物方式的重要性，直接对应正确选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据文章首句“Triathlon is a race in which each person swims, rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances.”可知铁人三项包含游泳、骑行、长跑三个项目，只有D选项的运动图案完全对应这三个项目，其余选项均包含不属于铁人三项的运动项目，因此选D。
2. 细节理解题：根据Sam的表述“He can experience things any other man would.”，可知Sam带Luke参赛的目的是让Luke获得和其他普通人一样的运动体验，B选项文中未提及参赛可以改善Luke的先天疾病，C选项获得Town Hero奖项是后续的荣誉并非参赛初衷，D选项看到Luke的笑容是Sam参赛过程中获得的收获而非目的，因此选A。
3. 推理判断题：Sam反驳了大众认为Luke残疾无法参与运动的固有偏见，用自己和Luke共同完成九次铁人三项的亲身经历作为实例，论证了转变看待事物的方式就能发现更多可能性的观点，是通过Luke的亲身经历举例说明该观点，因此选A。
【答案】
1—3: DAA
【知识点】
细节理解，推理判断，体育常识
【点评】
本题属于人物故事类阅读，考点以基础的细节定位为主，难度较低，学生只要准确定位原文对应语句，结合铁人三项的定义匹配插图就能顺利选出正确答案，同时故事本身也能引导学生建立多角度看待事物的意识。
【难度系数】
0.8
