一、用关系代词 that、which 或 who 填空。
1. This is the film Bruce Lee starred in.
2. Do you know the scientist invented the machine?
3. The village we used to live in is very far from here.
4. The woman is watering flowers is my aunt.
5. Where is the book I borrowed from the library yesterday?
6. The watch I lost yesterday was made in Sweden.
7. The village I was born in is called Gum Tree.
8. I visited the person made the beautiful kite.
9. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
10. Neil Armstrong was the first person walked on the moon.

1. that/which
2. who/that
3. that/which
4. who/that
5. that/which
6. that/which
7. that/which
8. who/that
9. that
10. that/who

【分析】
解答本题需遵循定语从句关系代词的选择规则：第一步确定先行词（被修饰的名词）；第二步判断先行词指人还是指物；第三步分析关系代词在从句中作主语还是宾语；若先行词被最高级、序数词等修饰，需遵循特殊规则，据此选择that、which或who填空。
【解析】
1. 先行词film指物，关系代词在从句中作starred in的宾语，故用that/which；
2. 先行词scientist指人，关系代词在从句中作invented的主语，故用who/that；
3. 先行词village指物，关系代词在从句中作live in的宾语，故用that/which；
4. 先行词woman指人，关系代词在从句中作is watering的主语，故用who/that；
5. 先行词book指物，关系代词在从句中作borrowed的宾语，故用that/which；
6. 先行词watch指物，关系代词在从句中作lost的宾语，故用that/which；
7. 先行词village指物，关系代词在从句中作was born in的宾语，故用that/which；
8. 先行词person指人，关系代词在从句中作made的主语，故用who/that；
9. 先行词film被最高级most interesting修饰，此时关系代词只能用that，故填that；
10. 先行词person被序数词first修饰，此时可用that或who，故填that/who。
【答案】
1. that/which；2. who/that；3. that/which；4. who/that；5. that/which；6. that/which；7. that/which；8. who/that；9. that；10. that/who
【知识点】
定语从句关系代词用法、特殊先行词的关系代词选择
【点评】
本题考查定语从句关系代词的基础用法，涵盖指人、指物的常规情况，以及最高级、序数词修饰先行词的特殊规则，是初中英语定语从句的核心基础题型，需熟练掌握先行词属性与关系代词的功能。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、用括号中的关系代词合并句子。
1. The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage. (who)

2. My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music. (who)

3. The West Lake lies in Hangzhou. The West Lake is one of the most famous lakes in China. (which)

4. The man is my favourite singer. We met him at the hotel yesterday. (whom)

5. We visited the place last winter vacation. My grandfather was born in this place. (which)

1. The girl who is standing on the stage is my sister.
2. My brother likes the singers who write their own music.
3. The West Lake which is one of the most famous lakes in China lies in Hangzhou.
4. The man whom we met at the hotel yesterday is my favourite singer.
5. We visited the place which my grandfather was born in last winter vacation.

【分析】
本题为定语从句的基础合并练习，解题思路如下：1. 定位两个句子中共同的名词（即先行词）；2. 判断先行词指代的是人还是物，以及指定关系代词在从句中充当的成分；3. 将其中一个句子转化为定语从句，置于先行词之后，用指定关系代词连接，调整语序使句子逻辑通顺。
【解析】
1. 先行词为指人的the girl，指定关系代词who在从句中作主语，将从句"is standing on the stage"置于先行词后，合并为：The girl who is standing on the stage is my sister。
2. 先行词为指人的the singers，指定关系代词who在从句中作主语，将从句"write their own music"置于先行词后，合并为：My brother likes the singers who write their own music。
3. 先行词为指物的The West Lake，指定关系代词which在从句中作主语，将从句"is one of the most famous lakes in China"置于先行词后，合并为：The West Lake which is one of the most famous lakes in China lies in Hangzhou。
4. 先行词为指人的the man，指定关系代词whom在从句中作宾语，将从句"we met at the hotel yesterday"置于先行词后，合并为：The man whom we met at the hotel yesterday is my favourite singer。
5. 先行词为指物的the place，指定关系代词which在从句中作介词in的宾语，将从句"my grandfather was born in"置于先行词后，调整时间状语位置，合并为：We visited the place which my grandfather was born in last winter vacation。
【答案】
1. The girl who is standing on the stage is my sister.
2. My brother likes the singers who write their own music.
3. The West Lake which is one of the most famous lakes in China lies in Hangzhou.
4. The man whom we met at the hotel yesterday is my favourite singer.
5. We visited the place which my grandfather was born in last winter vacation.
【知识点】
定语从句；关系代词用法
【点评】
本题是英语语法中定语从句的基础应用题型，重点考察who、whom、which作为关系代词的基本用法，要求学生掌握先行词与关系代词的匹配规则，属于巩固定语从句结构的基础练习，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3

()1.(2025·四川遂宁)—What kinds of after-school activities do you like?
—I like those activities are about PE and art.

A.who
B.whom
C.which
D./

1. C 【点拨】先行词“activities”是物，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词 which 引导定语从句。故选 C。

【分析】这是一道定语从句的关系代词选择题。解题思路：第一步，确定先行词——空格前的名词是activities，意为“活动”，属于表示事物的名词；第二步，分析定语从句的句子成分：从句“____ are about PE and art”中缺少主语，需要关系代词在从句中充当主语；第三步，辨析选项：A选项who、B选项whom均用于指代人，不符合先行词为物的要求；D选项是关系代词省略的情况，只有当关系代词在从句中作宾语时才可省略，此处缺主语不能省略；C选项which用于指代事物，且可在从句中作主语，符合要求，因此选C。
【解析】本句为定语从句，先行词是表示事物的“activities”，定语从句中缺少主语，需选用指代物且能作主语的关系代词。A项who、B项whom均指代人，不符合；D项关系代词省略仅适用于关系代词在从句中作宾语的情况，此处不可省略；C项which指代物，可在从句中作主语，符合语法规则，故选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】定语从句关系代词
【点评】本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法，需准确判断先行词的类别及从句所缺成分，属于基础考点，难度不大。
【难度系数】0.6

()2.(2026·江苏常州期末)—Who is recommended to be the Person of the Year?
—Mrs Green. She's a village teacher gives a helping hand to others.

A.which
B.whom
C.whose
D.who

2. D 【点拨】本句是定语从句，先行词“a village teacher”指人，且在从句中作主语，因此用 who 引导定语从句。故选 D。

【分析】
本题考查定语从句关系词的选择，解题思路为：第一步，确定先行词，即从句修饰的名词“a village teacher”，指人；第二步，判断关系词在从句中的成分，从句“______ gives a helping hand to others”中，关系词在从句中作主语；第三步，逐一分析选项，匹配符合要求的关系词。
【解析】
本句是定语从句，先行词“a village teacher”指人，关系词在从句中作主语。A项which用于指代物，不符合要求；B项whom用于指代人且在从句中作宾语，不符合；C项whose表示所属关系，不符合；D项who用于指代人且可在从句中作主语，符合语境，故选D。
【答案】
D
【知识点】
定语从句（关系词辨析）
【点评】
本题考查定语从句关系词的基础用法，需准确判断先行词的指代类型及关系词在从句中的成分，属于初中英语基础语法题，难度不大。
【难度系数】
0.3

()3. —What does “alma mater(母校)” mean to you after graduation?
—Everything! Those unforgettable things and people I'm familiar with will keep in my mind forever.

A.who
B.that
C.what
D.which

3. B 【点拨】根据“Those unforgettable things and people”可知，先行词中既有人又有物，关系代词只能用 that。故选 B。

【分析】
这是一道英语定语从句的选择题，解题思路如下：首先判断空格处引导的是定语从句，需确定其修饰的先行词；接着明确先行词是“Those unforgettable things and people”，既包含人（people）又包含物（things）；最后回忆定语从句关系代词的用法：who仅指人，which仅指物，that可指人或物，且当先行词同时包含人和物时，只能用that；what不能引导定语从句，据此排除错误选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
本题考查定语从句关系代词的用法。第一步，分析句子结构：空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“Those unforgettable things and people”。第二步，明确关系代词选择规则：①who用于先行词指人时；②which用于先行词指物时；③that可指代人或物，当先行词同时包含人和物时，必须使用that；④what不能引导定语从句，仅用于名词性从句。本题中先行词既有人又有物，因此关系代词用that，故选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
定语从句（关系代词用法）
【点评】
本题考查定语从句中关系代词的特殊用法，属于基础考点，需准确掌握先行词既含人又含物时关系代词的选择规则。
【难度系数】
0.7

()4. (2025·四川攀枝花)Mr Smith has just given us a speech was about developing reading skills.

A.which
B.what
C.whom
D.who

4. A 【点拨】根据题干可知，此处先行词为 speech，表示“演讲”，在从句中作主语。故选 A。

【分析】
这道题考查定语从句的关系代词用法。解题思路：第一步，判断句子类型，题干中“a speech”后的部分是修饰它的定语从句；第二步，确定先行词为被修饰的名词“speech”（指物）；第三步，分析先行词在定语从句中的成分，从句“____ was about developing reading skills”缺少主语，先行词在从句中作主语；第四步，结合选项选择合适的关系代词：指物且作主语的关系代词用which，what不能引导定语从句，whom和who用于指人，据此排除错误选项。
【解析】
分析句子结构可知，“a speech”是先行词，后面的“____ was about developing reading skills”是修饰先行词的定语从句。先行词“speech”表示“物”，且在定语从句中作主语。关系代词中，which用于指物，可在定语从句中作主语；what不能引导定语从句；whom和who用于指人，不符合先行词的属性。因此应选which，对应选项A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
定语从句（关系代词）
【点评】
本题是基础的定语从句关系代词考点题，侧重考查先行词指物时关系代词的选择，属于英语语法中的常见基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.7

()5. —What do you think of The Three-Body Problem is written by Liu Cixin?
—Oh, it’s fantastic.

A.who
B.what
C.why
D.that

5. D 【点拨】分析句子可知横线上的词引导定语从句，由于先行词“The Three-Body Problem”是物，所以引导词用 that。故选 D。

【分析】这道题考查定语从句引导词的用法。首先需明确空格处引导的是修饰先行词的定语从句，接着确定先行词的属性，再结合各选项引导词的适用场景进行排除，最终选出正确答案。
【解析】1. 分析句子结构：问句中“______ is written by Liu Cixin”是修饰先行词“The Three-Body Problem”的定语从句，空格处需填关系词引导定语从句。2. 确定先行词：先行词“The Three-Body Problem”是表示事物的名词。3. 辨析选项：A项who用于先行词指人时；B项what不能引导定语从句；C项why用于先行词为原因时；D项that可用于先行词指物时引导定语从句，符合要求。因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】定语从句，关系代词
【点评】本题聚焦定语从句引导词的基础用法，要求学生掌握不同先行词对应的关系词选择规则，属于英语语法的基础考点。
【难度系数】0.6