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四、阅读短文，回答问题(答案不超过 10 个单词)
New Energy in the Twenty-first Century
Energy from the wind
Wind is a kind of clean energy, and there is lots of it. However, if there's no wind, there is no wind energy.
Energy from the water
When water moves from a high place to a low place, it can make electricity (电) without pollution. However, people have to build dams (水坝) to use this energy, and building dams is very expensive.
Energy from the Earth
There is heat in the rocks under the Earth. Scientists use the heat to make geothermal (地热的) energy. This kind of energy is cheap, but it is only possible in a few places in the world.
Energy from the Sun
Solar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roofs of houses can turn energy from the sun into electricity. Solar power is clean and plentiful (丰富的). But when the weather is bad, it doesn't work.
1. How many kinds of new energy are mentioned in this article?
2. What new energy are they?
3. What kind of energy must be built with a dam?
4. How do scientists make geothermal energy?
5. What is the disadvantage of solar energy?
New Energy in the Twenty-first Century
Energy from the wind
Wind is a kind of clean energy, and there is lots of it. However, if there's no wind, there is no wind energy.
Energy from the water
When water moves from a high place to a low place, it can make electricity (电) without pollution. However, people have to build dams (水坝) to use this energy, and building dams is very expensive.
Energy from the Earth
There is heat in the rocks under the Earth. Scientists use the heat to make geothermal (地热的) energy. This kind of energy is cheap, but it is only possible in a few places in the world.
Energy from the Sun
Solar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roofs of houses can turn energy from the sun into electricity. Solar power is clean and plentiful (丰富的). But when the weather is bad, it doesn't work.
1. How many kinds of new energy are mentioned in this article?
2. What new energy are they?
3. What kind of energy must be built with a dam?
4. How do scientists make geothermal energy?
5. What is the disadvantage of solar energy?
答案
1. Four kinds.
2. Wind, water, geothermal and solar energy.
3. Energy from the water.
4. Use the Earth's underground heat.
5. It doesn't work on bad days.
2. Wind, water, geothermal and solar energy.
3. Energy from the water.
4. Use the Earth's underground heat.
5. It doesn't work on bad days.
解析
1. 通读全文，可统计出文中提到了风能、水能、地热能、太阳能这4种新能源。
2. 从各段落的标题及内容中，可提取出这四种新能源的具体名称。
3. 定位到“Energy from the water”部分，可知该能源需要修建水坝来获取。
4. 定位到“Energy from the Earth”部分，可知科学家利用地球地下的热量来制造地热能。
5. 定位到“Energy from the Sun”部分，可知太阳能的缺点是天气不好时无法运作。
2. 从各段落的标题及内容中，可提取出这四种新能源的具体名称。
3. 定位到“Energy from the water”部分，可知该能源需要修建水坝来获取。
4. 定位到“Energy from the Earth”部分，可知科学家利用地球地下的热量来制造地热能。
5. 定位到“Energy from the Sun”部分，可知太阳能的缺点是天气不好时无法运作。
五、首字母填空
Imagine one day the water taps in your house stop running. You have to pay a lot of money to buy water from shops. And still there isn't (1) e water for everyone. Your mother has to save the family's shower water to use for (2) w clothes. Would you be able to stand (忍受) that kind of life?
Probably not. But that is what kids in Yemen (也门) are experiencing. According to a report, the capital, Sana'a (萨那), will (3) r out of drinking water as early as 2025.
Because of the water shortage (短缺), the Yemeni (4) g often cuts the water supply (供应). Hannan, an 18-year-old girl, told Time, "In a good week we'll have a water supply all week. (5) B then in the following week there will be water only for a day or two."
Hannan said (6) o rich people have enough water to use. They can buy water from shops or from water (7) t. Private companies own the trucks. They travel around the city every day to (8) s water—at very high prices. "A lot of people can't (9) a it," she said.
The government is thinking of making use of sea water. However, it will (10) c a lot and it may not happen soon enough to help the people of Yemen.
Imagine one day the water taps in your house stop running. You have to pay a lot of money to buy water from shops. And still there isn't (1) e water for everyone. Your mother has to save the family's shower water to use for (2) w clothes. Would you be able to stand (忍受) that kind of life?
Probably not. But that is what kids in Yemen (也门) are experiencing. According to a report, the capital, Sana'a (萨那), will (3) r out of drinking water as early as 2025.
Because of the water shortage (短缺), the Yemeni (4) g often cuts the water supply (供应). Hannan, an 18-year-old girl, told Time, "In a good week we'll have a water supply all week. (5) B then in the following week there will be water only for a day or two."
Hannan said (6) o rich people have enough water to use. They can buy water from shops or from water (7) t. Private companies own the trucks. They travel around the city every day to (8) s water—at very high prices. "A lot of people can't (9) a it," she said.
The government is thinking of making use of sea water. However, it will (10) c a lot and it may not happen soon enough to help the people of Yemen.
答案
(1) enough (2) washing (3) run (4) government (5) But (6) only (7) trucks (8) sell (9) afford (10) cost
解析
1. 根据前文语境“没有足够的水供所有人使用”，填enough（足够的）；2. 固定搭配wash clothes，for后接动名词形式，填washing；3. 固定短语run out of表示“用完、耗尽”，符合“萨那将用完饮用水”的语境，填run；4. 结合语境是也门政府采取切断供水的措施，填government（政府）；5. 前后句存在转折关系，填But；6. 语境表示“只有富人有足够的水可用”，填only；7. 后文提到私人公司拥有卡车，所以是从水卡车买水，填trucks；8. 卡车在城市里穿梭是为了售卖水，填sell；9. 前文提到水价很高，所以很多人负担不起，填afford；10. 利用海水的方案会花费大量资金，cost的主语可以是it指代这件事，填cost。
