思维 拓展
三、阅读理解
What is a tsunami? Tsunamis are often caused by earthquakes or volcanoes. The average speed of the waves is 300 mph and the waves can last from five minutes to an hour.
What to do in a tsunami?
Firstly, when a strong earthquake is felt, leave the water at once, get to the shore and go as far away as you can from the beach fast. If it allows, go to a higher ground.
Secondly, turn on the TV for news and weather report. They will tell you more about the tsunami.
Thirdly, get all members of your family together and let everyone know the tsunami is coming. Choose a place to stay together. Make sure the place is safe and as far away from the shore as possible. Bring emergency supplies when you have to leave your house.
At last, if you find a huge wave is coming, climb onto the roof of your house or on the highest point of the nearest building. Hold on to anything that's strong enough. Climb a tree if you have to.
For a tsunami, the only way to survive it is to be prepared.
1. When a tsunami comes, the waves will .
A. go as quickly as 300 mph
B. become stronger before the earthquake
C. cause heavy rain
D. last shorter and shorter
2. How many suggestions are mentioned in this passage?
A. Two. B. Three.
C. Four. D. Five.
3. When a tsunami is coming, your family had better .
A. go to the beach together
B. stay in a safe place together
C. stay in your house
D. put emergency supplies on a lower ground
4. We should do the following when a tsunami is coming EXCEPT .
A. listening to the weather report
B. going to a low place to keep safe
C. getting emergency supplies ready
D. leaving the water as far away as you can
5. What's the best title of the passage?
A. How to keep safe in the water
B. What a tsunami is
C. What to do after a tsunami
D. How to survive a tsunami

1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. D

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，需先通读原文把握核心内容，再针对每个小题的问题定位原文对应细节，逐一分析选项正误，选出符合原文的答案。具体来看，第1题需查找海啸浪的速度相关信息；第2题需统计文中应对海啸的建议数量；第3题需明确家庭应对海啸的正确做法；第4题需找出文中错误的应对方式；第5题需归纳文章主旨，选出最佳标题。
【解析】1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“The average speed of the waves is 300 mph”，可知海啸浪的平均速度可达300英里每小时，A选项正确；B选项原文未提及地震前浪变强，C选项原文未提到海啸导致大雨，D选项原文说明浪持续时间为5分钟到1小时，并非越来越短，排除B、C、D，选A。
2. 细节理解题：文中应对海啸的建议依次为：①离开水域去高地；②看电视新闻和天气预报；③集合家人去安全处；④巨浪来临时躲到高处，共4条，故选C。
3. 细节理解题：根据第三点建议“get all members of your family together...Choose a place to stay together. Make sure the place is safe...”，可知海啸来临时家人应一起待在安全的地方，B选项正确；A选项去海滩、C选项待在家里、D选项把应急物资放低地均不符合原文，排除A、C、D，选B。
4. 细节理解题：原文明确提到要去高地，B选项“去低地保持安全”与原文相悖；A选项听天气预报、C选项准备应急物资、D选项离开水域远离海滩均是原文提及的正确做法，故选B。
5. 主旨大意题：文章先介绍海啸的定义，重点围绕“海啸来临时该怎么做”展开，核心是如何在海啸中生存，A选项“水中安全”、B选项“海啸是什么”、C选项“海啸后做什么”均不符合主旨，D选项“如何在海啸中生存”最贴合，故选D。
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题以海啸为话题的英语阅读理解，侧重考查学生提取原文细节信息和归纳主旨的能力，题目设置围绕原文具体内容，难度适中，仔细阅读原文即可正确解答。
【难度系数】0.6