五、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。(10 分)
| bleed | quick | care | mistake | burn | knife | safe | luck | describe | happy |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Last weekend, Roy wanted to help his mum cook, but he wasn’t careful with the 1. When he tried to cut tomatoes, the knife hit his finger. He felt painful, and soon his finger 2 a lot.
Roy’s mum heard his cry and ran 3 to the kitchen. She didn’t panic—instead, she gently cleaned his finger and put a bandage on it. “You should be more 4 with sharp things,” she said softly. Roy nodded nervously, feeling a little scared.
5, the cut wasn’t too badly hurt. But Roy noticed his mum’s hand had a small 6 mark from the hot pan earlier. He felt sad that he made her worry. Later, Roy sat with his mum and wrote a 7 of how to use kitchen tools safely. He promised to remember the importance of 8 when doing housework.
That evening, Roy told Mr White about the accident 9—because he learned a useful lesson. Mr White smiled and said, “ 10 help us grow, as long as we don’t throw away the lessons from them.”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. knife 2. bled 3. quickly 4. careful 5. Luckily 6. burn 7. description 8. safety
9. happily 10. Mistakes

【分析】
这是典型的英语短文选词适当形式填空题，解题思路如下：1. 先通读整篇短文梳理故事大意，明确本文讲述Roy帮妈妈做饭时意外受伤，从中得到做家务要重视安全的教训的内容，确定全文整体时态为一般过去时。2. 结合“每词限用一次”的规则，逐个分析每个空格所需的词性、固定搭配和语境含义，再对给出的原形单词做对应的词性转换、时态变形、单复数调整，同时注意句首单词首字母大写的细节，最后代入全文验证语义通顺、无重复用词即可完成作答。
【解析】
1. 结合后文“切西红柿时刀划到手指”的语境，此处表达他使用刀具时不小心，填名词knife。
2. 句意：他很快感到疼痛，手指流了很多血。全文为一般过去时，动词bleed的过去式为bled，符合语境。
3. 此处修饰动词ran，需要用副词作状语，形容词quick对应的副词形式是quickly，表达“快速地跑向厨房”。
4. 固定搭配be careful with表示“对……小心谨慎”，此处用care对应的形容词careful，符合“尖锐物品要小心使用”的语义。
5. 此处放在句首修饰整个句子，需要用副词，名词luck对应的副词Luckily首字母大写，表达“幸运的是伤口不重”。
6. 句意：妈妈手上有个被热锅烫出来的灼伤印子，burn mark是常用搭配表示“灼伤痕迹”，填名词burn。
7. 冠词a后面需要接名词，动词describe对应的名词形式是description，a description of表示“……的说明/描述”。
8. 短语the importance of后面接名词，形容词safe对应的名词形式是safety，表达“安全的重要性”。
9. 此处修饰动词told，需要用副词，形容词happy对应的副词形式是happily，表达“开心地和老师讲述这次经历”。
10. 此处作句子主语，表达泛指的各类错误，可数名词mistake变复数，句首首字母大写为Mistakes，符合“错误帮助我们成长”的语义。
【答案】
1. knife 2. bled 3. quickly 4. careful 5. Luckily 6. burn 7. description 8. safety 9. happily 10. Mistakes
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，一般过去时
【点评】
本题结合生活化的小故事考查初中英语词汇的灵活运用，既要求学生掌握名动形副各类词性之间的变形规则，也需要结合上下文逻辑判断词义，同时兼顾时态、句首大写细节的考察，能有效巩固学生的词形变换相关知识点。
【难度系数】
0.7

六、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空，每个短语限用一次。(10 分)
| have a rest | take one’s temperature | suffer from | what’s more | from now on |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
A Day with My Kind Classmate
Last Friday, I suddenly began to 1 a bad headache in class. My deskmate Lily noticed and asked me to 2 first. She hurried to get a thermometer (温度计) to 3. Luckily, no fever, but I felt weak. Lily said, “ 4, you must sleep early, and shouldn’t stay up late!” 5, she got me warm water and let me drink enough water. When our teacher came later, she praised her. I felt lucky to have such a kind classmate.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1. suffer from 2. have a rest 3. take my temperature 4. From now on 5. What's more

【分析】
解题时首先要先明确方框内所有短语的含义：have a rest休息，take one’s temperature量体温，suffer from遭受（病痛），what’s more此外/而且，from now on从现在开始。之后通读全文，结合上下文语境、语法规则逐一匹配空缺：
1. 第一空后接a bad headache（严重头疼），需要搭配表示“患病、遭受病痛”的语义短语，同时符合begin to do的结构要求；
2. 第二空前文提到我上课突然头疼，同桌发现后第一反应是让我先休息，符合ask sb to do的结构逻辑；
3. 第三空前文提到她跑去拿温度计，温度计的用途就是量体温，这里动作对象是我，要把one's换成对应的物主代词my；
4. 第四空后面是叮嘱我之后要早睡不要熬夜，是对我后续的行为要求，对应“从现在开始”的语义，句首首字母要大写；
5. 第五空前文已经写了莉莉照顾我的多个行为，后面补充她还给我拿温水，是递进关系，对应表递进的短语，句首首字母大写。最后检查所有短语仅使用一次，符合题干要求。
【解析】
1. 空1：句意：上周五我上课的时候突然开始严重头疼。suffer from意为“遭受（疾病、痛苦）”，后常接病痛类名词，符合语境，begin to后接动词原形，故填suffer from。
2. 空2：句意：我的同桌莉莉注意到了，让我先休息一下。我身体不舒服，同桌提出让我休息符合逻辑，ask sb to do sth后接动词原形，故填have a rest。
3. 空3：句意：她急忙去拿温度计给我量体温。温度计的作用是测量体温，动作对象是“我”，因此将短语中的one's替换为my，不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填take my temperature。
4. 空4：句意：莉莉说：“从现在开始，你必须早睡，不应该熬夜！”此处是对我后续的作息提出要求，from now on意为“从现在开始”，放在句首首字母大写，故填From now on。
5. 空5：句意：除此之外，她给我拿来温水，让我喝足够的水。此处是递进关系，补充说明莉莉照顾我的其他行为，what's more意为“此外、而且”，放在句首首字母大写，故填What's more。
【答案】
1. suffer from 2. have a rest 3. take my temperature 4. From now on 5. What's more
【知识点】
动词短语辨析，语境选词填空，固定搭配应用
【点评】
本题属于基础的短语运用类题型，以同学互助的生活化短文为载体，既考察学生对课标要求的常用短语的语义识记能力，也提醒学生做题时要注意根据指代关系调整物主代词、句首单词首字母大写这类细节，避免不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.8

七、用括号内所给词的正确形式补全短文。(10 分)
Experts say that students usually need eight to ten hours’ sleep at night. But most Chinese students 1 (not) get enough sleep. Some Chinese parents are usually glad 2 (see) their children studying late. They may think 3 (they) children work very hard, but not all parents are happy about this. Once a mother told us that every morning her 10-year-old boy 4 (put) up one finger with his eyes still closed, begging (请求) for one more minute to sleep. Like 5 (thousand) of “early birds” in China, he has to get up before six every morning.
A report shows that without a good night’s sleep, students seem to be 6 (weak) than they should be. Many students have fallen asleep during class at one time or another. Too 7 (many) homework is not the only reason why students stay up late. Some watch TV or play the computer games late into the night. Experts have ever said that the students 8 develop good study habits. 9 some clever students never study late. They are able to work 10 (good) in class.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. don't 2. to see 3. their 4. put 5. thousands 6. weaker 7. much 8. should
9. So 10. well

【分析】
做这类短文词形转换题，首先要先通读全文，理清文章整体的时态和核心主旨，之后逐个分析每个空格的语法要求：先观察空格前后的词性、搭配标志、特殊结构提示，结合给出的提示词判断变形方向，最后代入所有答案通读全文验证逻辑是否通顺。比如看到than就要想到用比较级，看到名词放在空格后就要考虑是否需要形容词性物主代词修饰，看到固定短语的搭配提示直接对应变形即可。
【解析】
1. 句子描述客观现状用一般现在时，主语most Chinese students是复数，后面是实义动词get，表否定需要借助助动词do的否定形式，缩写为don't。
2. 考查固定搭配be glad to do sth.，含义为“很高兴做某事”，因此此处填动词不定式to see。
3. 空格后是名词children，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，主格they对应的形容词性物主代词是their。
4. 该句描述这位妈妈过去讲述的儿子的过往行为，时态用一般过去时，put的过去式和原形一致，仍为put。
5. 考查固定搭配thousands of，含义为“成千上万的”，thousand前没有具体数字修饰时，要变复数加of，因此填thousands。
6. 空格后出现比较级的标志词than，需要将形容词weak变为比较级形式weaker。
7. 空格后的homework是不可数名词，too much用于修饰不可数名词，因此要把many变为much。
8. 句意为“专家曾提出学生应该养成良好的学习习惯”，此处缺少表“应该”的情态动词，填should。
9. 前文提到要养成好的学习习惯，后文说明聪明的学生从不熬夜学习，二者是因果关系，位于句首首字母大写，填So。
10. 空格处修饰动词work，需要使用副词，形容词good对应的副词形式是well。
【答案】
1. don't 2. to see 3. their 4. put 5. thousands 6. weaker 7. much 8. should 9. So 10. well
【知识点】
固定搭配，词形转换，形容词比较级
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中英语核心的基础语法考点，难度偏基础，做题时需要注意细节区分：比如可数/不可数名词的修饰词差异、不同词性的修饰规则、时态的对应选择，做完后代入全文通读可以快速排查逻辑不通的错误。
【难度系数】
0.7