第二节 阅读填空(每小题1分，共5分)
51. In this place, large machines heat water until it turns into steam.
This steam makes other machines move, and they produce electricity. 52.
For example, solar power uses the energy from the sun to generate electricity.
Hydroelectric power makes full use of energy from falling water, and wind power uses
the wind to make energy. 53. Then they take the electricity to sockets on
the walls. When you connect electrical appliances to these sockets, the electricity
helps them work. In our daily lives, small electrical appliances, such as TV remote
controls and mobile phones, use batteries. 54. When this is used up, the
appliances won't work. Then you need to put in new batteries or charge the old ones.
We depend a lot on electricity in our daily lives. 55.
A. There are other ways to make electricity as well.
B. Cables lead the electricity from a power station to your house.
C. Electricity usually comes from a power station.
D. So using energy from the sun, water, and wind is part of how we make
electricity in a sustainable way.
E. There is electricity inside the batteries.

51.C 52.A 53.B 54.E 55.D

【分析】
这是一篇英语语篇阅读填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍电力的来源、传输路径、日常使用场景以及可持续发电的相关知识。接下来逐空定位前后文的线索，通过指代关系、例证逻辑、动作顺承关系来匹配选项：首先找51空后出现的指代地点的"In this place"，对应前文要出现的发电相关地点；52空后有For example引出多种发电方式，说明空处是总起引出其他发电途径的过渡句；53空后描述把电送到墙上插座的后续动作，空处要对应输电的路径环节；54空前后分别提到电池和电量耗尽电器停转的内容，需要衔接电池和电力的关联；最后55空是对前文多种清洁能源发电方式的总结，匹配对应的总结类选项即可。
【解析】
51. 空后句的"In this place"指代前文出现的地点，后文描述了该地点内烧水产生蒸汽、驱动机器发电的完整过程，C选项“Electricity usually comes from a power station.”中提到的发电站完全符合后文描述的场景，衔接通顺。
52. 空后用For example列举了太阳能发电、水力发电、风力发电三种不同的发电形式，A选项“There are other ways to make electricity as well.”是总起过渡句，自然引出下文的多个发电方式的例子，逻辑匹配。
53. 空后句“Then they take the electricity to sockets on the walls.”描述了电力入户到插座的后续步骤，B选项“Cables lead the electricity from a power station to your house.”承接上文发电的内容，完整对应电力从电站输送到家庭的流程，动作顺承关系成立。
54. 空前句提到遥控器、手机这类小电器使用电池，空后句说明电量耗尽后电器就无法工作，E选项“There is electricity inside the batteries.”衔接前后内容，后文的指代词this刚好对应电池内部的电力，逻辑连贯。
55. 空处位于文末，是对前文提到的太阳能、水能、风能发电内容的总结，D选项“So using energy from the sun, water, and wind is part of how we make electricity in a sustainable way.”点明了这类发电方式的可持续属性，收束全文主题。
【答案】
51.C 52.A 53.B 54.E 55.D
【知识点】
阅读填空，语篇逻辑衔接，指代关系判断
【点评】
本题属于基础类的语篇还原题型，整体行文逻辑线索清晰，没有设置强干扰选项，重点考察学生对上下文指代、例证关系、动作顺承这类基础语篇衔接技巧的掌握，学生只要抓住每空前后的关键词对应关系，就可以快速匹配出正确答案，适合用来训练基础阅读逻辑梳理能力。
【难度系数】
0.8

五、写作(共三节，满分30分)
第一节 用方框中的词语完成短文(每小题1分，共5分)
batteries, Electricity, apartment, power, climate
In our 56. , we need electricity to make things work, like our fridge
and TV. 57. is what gives our air conditioners and lights the 58.
to work and shine. We use 59. for some toys, and they are useful in our
daily lives. Being careful with how much electricity we use can help take care of our
60. . We should care about the world we live in. Let's take action to save
electricity now!

56. apartment 57. Electricity 58. power 59. batteries 60. climate

【分析】
解题时首先通读整篇短文，明确文章核心是介绍日常生活中的电力相关常识，再逐一对应备选词batteries（电池）、Electricity（电）、apartment（公寓）、power（动力/能量）、climate（气候），结合每空的语法属性、上下文语境和生活常识逐一匹配：先看56空，空前是形容词性物主代词our，需要填表示地点的名词，后文提到冰箱、电视等家电，对应居住的公寓；57空位于句首作主语，是全文的核心主题事物“电”；58空符合“给设备提供运行的动力”的搭配逻辑；59空对应玩具的供电物品电池；最后剩下的词对应节约用电能保护的对象气候，全部匹配完成后代入通读验证语义通顺即可。
【解析】
56. 空格前为形容词性物主代词our，需填入表示地点的名词，后文提到冰箱、电视等家用设备，apartment（公寓）符合“在家居空间里使用家电”的语境，故填apartment。
57. 空格位于句首作句子主语，全文围绕用电的主题展开，Electricity（电）是核心描述对象，首字母大写符合句首书写规则，故填Electricity。
58. 此处构成固定搭配give sth the power to do sth，意为“给某物做某事的能量/动力”，表示电为空调、灯提供运行发光的支撑，power符合语义，故填power。
59. 根据生活常识，小型玩具通常用电池供电，batteries（电池）符合“给玩具供电”的语境，故填batteries。
60. 节约用电属于环保行为，能够助力保护气候，climate（气候）符合“合理用电保护生存环境”的逻辑，故填climate。
【答案】
56. apartment 57. Electricity 58. power 59. batteries 60. climate
【知识点】
名词词义辨析、语境选词填空
【点评】
本题属于基础的选词完成短文题型，所有备选词汇都是课标要求掌握的常见名词，语境贴近生活常识，难度较低，做完后可以将所有答案代入全文通读，验证语义连贯、所有备选词都用完，就能避免失误。
【难度系数】
0.9

第二节 阅读短文，回答问题(每小题2分，共10分)
Electricity is everywhere in our lives—from lights to phones. But long ago, no
one knew how to use it.
Around 2,600 years ago, the ancient Greeks discovered something interesting:
when they rubbed amber with cloth, it could pick up small things
like feathers. They didn't know this was "static electricity", but it was their first
experience with the force.
Then, in 1752, a man named Benjamin Franklin did a famous experiment. He flew a kite in a thunderstorm. When lightning hit the kite, a spark
travelled down the string to his hand. This proved that lightning was a form of
electricity.
Later, in 1800, Alessandro Volta invented the first battery. It could hold
electricity for a while, so people could use it when they wanted. Then, in 1879,
Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. Soon, electric lights lit up homes and
streets—no more dark nights with just candles!
Today, electricity powers our TVs, fridges, and lights up our schools. It's hard
to live without it!
61. What did the ancient Greeks find when they rubbed amber with cloth?

62. What did Benjamin Franklin's 1752 experiment prove?

63. Why was Volta's battery useful?

64. How did Edison's light bulb change people's nights?

65. What is one of the greatest achievements China has made in electric power
projects?

61. It could pick up small things like feathers. 62. It proved that lightning was a form of electricity. 63. Because it could hold electricity for a while, so people could use it when they wanted. 64. It lit up homes and streets, so nights were no longer dark with just candles.
65. China has achieved global leadership in ultra-high-voltage (UHV) power transmission technology, enabling efficient long-distance electricity delivery across the country.

【分析】
这是一篇科普类的英语阅读问答题，解题时可以按照先抓题干关键词、回原文定位找对应信息的思路来完成：1. 先逐个提取每道小题的核心定位词，比如第61题提取"ancient Greeks、rubbed amber with cloth"，第62题提取"Benjamin Franklin、1752、experiment prove"，回到对应段落直接锁定答案；前4道题的答案都可以在原文中直接找到对应表述，不需要额外加工；第65题属于开放拓展类题目，结合我国电力领域的标志性公开成就作答即可，匹配常识积累的内容就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
61. 回到原文第二段找到对应描述："Around 2,600 years ago, the ancient Greeks discovered something interesting: when they rubbed amber with cloth, it could pick up small things like feathers." 直接提取古希腊人得到的发现内容即可。
62. 回到原文第三段末尾找到实验的结论："This proved that lightning was a form of electricity." 直接提取该结论作为答案。
63. 回到原文第四段关于伏特发明电池的描述："It could hold electricity for a while, so people could use it when they wanted." 整理出电池实用的原因即可。
64. 回到原文第四段末尾关于爱迪生灯泡的描述："Soon, electric lights lit up homes and streets—no more dark nights with just candles!" 整理出灯泡给人们夜晚带来的改变即可。
65. 该题为常识拓展题，结合我国电力工程领域的标志性领先成就作答，我国的特高压输电技术处于全球领先地位，是电力项目的代表性伟大成就，符合题意要求。
【答案】
61. It could pick up small things like feathers.
62. It proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
63. Because it could hold electricity for a while, so people could use it when they wanted.
64. It lit up homes and streets, so nights were no longer dark with just candles.
65. China has achieved global leadership in ultra-high-voltage (UHV) power transmission technology, enabling efficient long-distance electricity delivery across the country.
【知识点】
英语阅读细节定位
科技常识积累
【点评】
本题前4小问均为基础的原文信息提取题，只要掌握阅读细节定位的方法就能快速找到答案，难度较低，主要考察学生从阅读材料中抓取关键信息的能力；最后一问跳出文本结合国情常识拓展，引导学生了解我国电力领域的顶尖科技成就，兼具知识性和思想性。
【难度系数】
0.7