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Ⅴ. Read the passage and finish the following tasks.
What do black holes look like? Human beings have wanted to find out for a long time. Several years ago, we finally got the answer: They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
Scientists took the world's first photo of a black hole in 2019. Scientists didn't use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes(射电望远镜) in different places around the world. The telescopes got signals(信号) from the black hole. Scientists used computers to process(处理) the signals. It took them two years to get the final picture.
The black hole is very far from the earth—about 55 million light-years away. One light-year is the distance that light travels in one year. One light-year is about 9 trillion kilometres.
This is not the only black hole in the universe. Actually, scientists believe every large galaxy(星系) has a big black hole at its centre. The one in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A.
Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in the universe. This photo can help us learn more about them.
A. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
()24. What do black holes look like?
A. Dark holes with a bright centre.
B. Many black circles inside each other.
C. Black holes with colourful rings in the centre.
D. Dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
()25. How did the scientists collect the signals about the black hole?
A. By a camera. B. By a computer.
C. By telescopes. D. By radios.
()26. How long did it take the scientists to get the final picture of the black hole?
A. Nine months. B. Two years.
C. Two months. D. One year.
()27. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Scientists took a lot of pictures of the black holes.
B. The black holes are not very far from the earth.
C. The picture of the black holes can help us learn a lot about them.
D. Sagittarius A is the only black hole in the universe.
B. Read the passage and tell TRUE(T) or FALSE(F).
()28. The first photo of a black hole was taken in 2019.
()29. Scientists used a special camera to take the picture of the black hole.
()30. The black hole in the photo is very close to the earth.
()31. There is only one black hole in the whole universe.
C. Answer the questions. (Answer within 20 words)
32. How did scientists get the picture of the black hole?
33. Why is the picture of the black hole important?
What do black holes look like? Human beings have wanted to find out for a long time. Several years ago, we finally got the answer: They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
Scientists took the world's first photo of a black hole in 2019. Scientists didn't use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes(射电望远镜) in different places around the world. The telescopes got signals(信号) from the black hole. Scientists used computers to process(处理) the signals. It took them two years to get the final picture.
The black hole is very far from the earth—about 55 million light-years away. One light-year is the distance that light travels in one year. One light-year is about 9 trillion kilometres.
This is not the only black hole in the universe. Actually, scientists believe every large galaxy(星系) has a big black hole at its centre. The one in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A.
Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in the universe. This photo can help us learn more about them.
A. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
()24. What do black holes look like?
A. Dark holes with a bright centre.
B. Many black circles inside each other.
C. Black holes with colourful rings in the centre.
D. Dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
()25. How did the scientists collect the signals about the black hole?
A. By a camera. B. By a computer.
C. By telescopes. D. By radios.
()26. How long did it take the scientists to get the final picture of the black hole?
A. Nine months. B. Two years.
C. Two months. D. One year.
()27. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Scientists took a lot of pictures of the black holes.
B. The black holes are not very far from the earth.
C. The picture of the black holes can help us learn a lot about them.
D. Sagittarius A is the only black hole in the universe.
B. Read the passage and tell TRUE(T) or FALSE(F).
()28. The first photo of a black hole was taken in 2019.
()29. Scientists used a special camera to take the picture of the black hole.
()30. The black hole in the photo is very close to the earth.
()31. There is only one black hole in the whole universe.
C. Answer the questions. (Answer within 20 words)
32. How did scientists get the picture of the black hole?
33. Why is the picture of the black hole important?
答案
They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
Scientists took the world's first photo of a black hole in 2019. Scientists didn't use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes(射电望远镜) in different places around the world. The telescopes got signals(信号) from the black hole. Scientists used computers to process(处理) the signals. It took them two years to get the final picture.
The black hole is very far from the earth—about 55 million light-years away. One light-year is the distance that light travels in one year. One light-year is about 9 trillion kilometres.
This is not the only black hole in the universe. Actually, scientists believe every large galaxy(星系) has a big black hole at its centre. The one in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A.
Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in the universe. This photo can help us learn more about them.
A. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
(
A. Dark holes with a bright centre.
B. Many black circles inside each other.
C. Black holes with colourful rings in the centre.
D. Dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
(
A. By a camera. B. By a computer.
C. By telescopes. D. By radios.
(
A. Nine months. B. Two years.
C. Two months. D. One year.
(
A. Scientists took a lot of pictures of the black holes.
B. The black holes are not very far from the earth.
C. The picture of the black holes can help us learn a lot about them.
D. Sagittarius A is the only black hole in the universe.
B. Read the passage and tell TRUE(T) or FALSE(F).
(
(
(
(
C. Answer the questions. (Answer within 20 words)
32. How did scientists get the picture of the black hole?
33. Why is the picture of the black hole important?
answer:24.D 25.C 26.B 27.C 28—31 TFFF
32. They used eight radio telescopes to get
the signals and used computers to
process them.
33. Because it can help us learn more about
these mysterious things in the universe.
Scientists took the world's first photo of a black hole in 2019. Scientists didn't use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes(射电望远镜) in different places around the world. The telescopes got signals(信号) from the black hole. Scientists used computers to process(处理) the signals. It took them two years to get the final picture.
The black hole is very far from the earth—about 55 million light-years away. One light-year is the distance that light travels in one year. One light-year is about 9 trillion kilometres.
This is not the only black hole in the universe. Actually, scientists believe every large galaxy(星系) has a big black hole at its centre. The one in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A.
Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in the universe. This photo can help us learn more about them.
A. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
(
D
)24. What do black holes look like?A. Dark holes with a bright centre.
B. Many black circles inside each other.
C. Black holes with colourful rings in the centre.
D. Dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
(
C
)25. How did the scientists collect the signals about the black hole?A. By a camera. B. By a computer.
C. By telescopes. D. By radios.
(
B
)26. How long did it take the scientists to get the final picture of the black hole?A. Nine months. B. Two years.
C. Two months. D. One year.
(
C
)27. What can we learn from the passage?A. Scientists took a lot of pictures of the black holes.
B. The black holes are not very far from the earth.
C. The picture of the black holes can help us learn a lot about them.
D. Sagittarius A is the only black hole in the universe.
B. Read the passage and tell TRUE(T) or FALSE(F).
(
T
)28. The first photo of a black hole was taken in 2019.(
F
)29. Scientists used a special camera to take the picture of the black hole.(
F
)30. The black hole in the photo is very close to the earth.(
F
)31. There is only one black hole in the whole universe.C. Answer the questions. (Answer within 20 words)
32. How did scientists get the picture of the black hole?
They used eight radio telescopes to get
the signals and used computers to
process them.
the signals and used computers to
process them.
33. Why is the picture of the black hole important?
Because it can help us learn more about
these mysterious things in the universe.
these mysterious things in the universe.
answer:24.D 25.C 26.B 27.C 28—31 TFFF
32. They used eight radio telescopes to get
the signals and used computers to
process them.
33. Because it can help us learn more about
these mysterious things in the universe.
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解，所有题目均以原文细节信息为核心考点，解题思路如下：1. 做选择题和判断题时，先提取题干中的关键词，返回原文对应段落定位相关语句，将选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除错误选项得到正确答案；2. 回答问题类题目，先定位原文对应表述，再按照题干要求的20词以内的限制精简概括内容，保证信息准确完整。
【解析】
A部分选择题：
24题：题干关键词为what do black holes look like，定位原文第一段最后一句"They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside"，直接对应选项D。
25题：题干关键词为collect the signals，定位原文第二段"They used eight radio telescopes... The telescopes got signals from the black hole"，可知是通过望远镜收集信号，选C。
26题：题干关键词为how long... get the final picture，定位原文第二段最后一句"It took them two years to get the final picture"，选B。
27题：逐一核对选项：A选项原文说明是世界首张黑洞照片，并非拍了很多张，错误；B选项原文说明黑洞距离地球约5500万光年，非常遥远，错误；C选项原文最后一段"This photo can help us learn more about them"表述一致，正确；D选项原文说明宇宙中存在大量黑洞，Sagittarius A只是银河系中心的黑洞，并非唯一，错误，故选C。
B部分判断题：
28题：定位原文第二段第一句"Scientists took the world's first photo of a black hole in 2019"，和题干表述一致，为T。
29题：定位原文第二段"Scientists didn't use a camera to take the picture"，和题干表述矛盾，为F。
30题：定位原文第三段"The black hole is very far from the earth"，和题干表述矛盾，为F。
31题：定位原文第四段"This is not the only black hole in the universe"，和题干表述矛盾，为F。
C部分简答题：
32题：定位原文第二段相关内容，精简整合得到符合要求的答案。
33题：定位原文最后一段相关内容，精简整合得到符合要求的答案。
【答案】
24.D 25.C 26.B 27.C 28.T 29.F 30.F 31.F
32. They used eight radio telescopes to get the signals and used computers to process them.
33. Because it can help us learn more about these mysterious things in the universe.
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，说明文信息提取，内容概括表达
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的科普类阅读题，绝大多数考点都可以直接在原文中找到对应依据，重点考察学生快速抓取关键信息的能力，简答题部分额外设置了字数限制，锻炼学生的信息精简整合能力，适合巩固基础阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解，所有题目均以原文细节信息为核心考点，解题思路如下：1. 做选择题和判断题时，先提取题干中的关键词，返回原文对应段落定位相关语句，将选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除错误选项得到正确答案；2. 回答问题类题目，先定位原文对应表述，再按照题干要求的20词以内的限制精简概括内容，保证信息准确完整。
【解析】
A部分选择题：
24题：题干关键词为what do black holes look like，定位原文第一段最后一句"They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside"，直接对应选项D。
25题：题干关键词为collect the signals，定位原文第二段"They used eight radio telescopes... The telescopes got signals from the black hole"，可知是通过望远镜收集信号，选C。
26题：题干关键词为how long... get the final picture，定位原文第二段最后一句"It took them two years to get the final picture"，选B。
27题：逐一核对选项：A选项原文说明是世界首张黑洞照片，并非拍了很多张，错误；B选项原文说明黑洞距离地球约5500万光年，非常遥远，错误；C选项原文最后一段"This photo can help us learn more about them"表述一致，正确；D选项原文说明宇宙中存在大量黑洞，Sagittarius A只是银河系中心的黑洞，并非唯一，错误，故选C。
B部分判断题：
28题：定位原文第二段第一句"Scientists took the world's first photo of a black hole in 2019"，和题干表述一致，为T。
29题：定位原文第二段"Scientists didn't use a camera to take the picture"，和题干表述矛盾，为F。
30题：定位原文第三段"The black hole is very far from the earth"，和题干表述矛盾，为F。
31题：定位原文第四段"This is not the only black hole in the universe"，和题干表述矛盾，为F。
C部分简答题：
32题：定位原文第二段相关内容，精简整合得到符合要求的答案。
33题：定位原文最后一段相关内容，精简整合得到符合要求的答案。
【答案】
24.D 25.C 26.B 27.C 28.T 29.F 30.F 31.F
32. They used eight radio telescopes to get the signals and used computers to process them.
33. Because it can help us learn more about these mysterious things in the universe.
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，说明文信息提取，内容概括表达
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的科普类阅读题，绝大多数考点都可以直接在原文中找到对应依据，重点考察学生快速抓取关键信息的能力，简答题部分额外设置了字数限制，锻炼学生的信息精简整合能力，适合巩固基础阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
