1.$\cos(-\dfrac{2π}{3})$的值为 (
A.$\dfrac{1}{2}$
B.$-\dfrac{1}{2}$
C.$\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
D.$-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
B
)A.$\dfrac{1}{2}$
B.$-\dfrac{1}{2}$
C.$\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
D.$-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
答案
$\cos(-\frac{2π}{3})=\cos\frac{2π}{3}=\cos(π-\frac{π}{3})=-\cos\frac{π}{3}=-\frac{1}{2}$。
2.化简$\frac{\cos(α - \frac{π}{2})}{\sin(\frac{5π}{2} + α)} \sin(α - π) \cos(2π - α)$的结果为(
A.$\sin^2α$
B.$-\sin^2α$
C.$\cos^2α$
D.$-\cos^2α$
B
)A.$\sin^2α$
B.$-\sin^2α$
C.$\cos^2α$
D.$-\cos^2α$
答案
原式$=\frac{\sin α}{\cos α}(-\sin α)\cos α=-\sin^2α$。
3.已知角α的终边与单位圆的交点为A$( \dfrac{4}{5}, -\dfrac{3}{5} )$,则(
A.$\tan(π - α) = \dfrac{4}{3}$
B.$\sin(π + α) = \dfrac{4}{5}$
C.$\cos( \dfrac{π}{2} - α ) = -\dfrac{3}{5}$
D.$\sin( \dfrac{3π}{2} + α ) = \dfrac{3}{5}$
C
)A.$\tan(π - α) = \dfrac{4}{3}$
B.$\sin(π + α) = \dfrac{4}{5}$
C.$\cos( \dfrac{π}{2} - α ) = -\dfrac{3}{5}$
D.$\sin( \dfrac{3π}{2} + α ) = \dfrac{3}{5}$
答案
由题意,得$\sin α=-\frac{3}{5}$,$\cos α=\frac{4}{5}$,$\tan α=-\frac{3}{4}$。
$\tan(π-α)=-\tan α=\frac{3}{4}$,A错误;$\sin(π+α)=-\sin α=\frac{3}{5}$,B错误;$\cos(\frac{π}{2}-α)=\sin α=-\frac{3}{5}$,C正确;$\sin(\frac{3π}{2}+α)=-\cos α=-\frac{4}{5}$,D错误。
$\tan(π-α)=-\tan α=\frac{3}{4}$,A错误;$\sin(π+α)=-\sin α=\frac{3}{5}$,B错误;$\cos(\frac{π}{2}-α)=\sin α=-\frac{3}{5}$,C正确;$\sin(\frac{3π}{2}+α)=-\cos α=-\frac{4}{5}$,D错误。
4.已知$\cos(\dfrac{9π}{2}-α)=\dfrac{7}{8}$,则$\sin(3π+α)=$(
A.$-\dfrac{7}{8}$
B.$\dfrac{7}{8}$
C.$-\dfrac{\sqrt{15}}{8}$
D.$\dfrac{\sqrt{15}}{8}$
A
)A.$-\dfrac{7}{8}$
B.$\dfrac{7}{8}$
C.$-\dfrac{\sqrt{15}}{8}$
D.$\dfrac{\sqrt{15}}{8}$
答案
因为$\cos(\frac{9π}{2}-α)=\cos(4π+\frac{π}{2}-α)=\cos(\frac{π}{2}-α)=\sin α=\frac{7}{8}$,
所以$\sin(3π+α)=-\sin α=-\frac{7}{8}$。
所以$\sin(3π+α)=-\sin α=-\frac{7}{8}$。
5.已知$\tanα=-2$,则$\frac{\cos(\frac{π}{2}+α)}{\sin(π-α)-\sin(\frac{3π}{2}-α)}=$(
A.$-\frac{2}{3}$
B.$\frac{2}{3}$
C.$-2$
D.$2$
C
)A.$-\frac{2}{3}$
B.$\frac{2}{3}$
C.$-2$
D.$2$
答案
$\frac{\cos(\frac{π}{2}+α)}{\sin(π-α)-\sin(\frac{3π}{2}-α)}=\frac{-\sin α}{\sin α+\cos α}=\frac{-\tan α}{\tan α+1}=\frac{-(-2)}{(-2)+1}=-2$。
6.(多选)已知$\cos(\dfrac{π}{3} - α)=\dfrac{1}{5}$,则下列式子成立的是(
A.$\sin(\dfrac{π}{6} + α)=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}$
B.$\sin(\dfrac{π}{6} + α)=\dfrac{1}{5}$
C.$\cos(\dfrac{2π}{3} + α)=-\dfrac{1}{5}$
D.$\cos(\dfrac{2π}{3} + α)=\dfrac{1}{5}$
BC
)A.$\sin(\dfrac{π}{6} + α)=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}$
B.$\sin(\dfrac{π}{6} + α)=\dfrac{1}{5}$
C.$\cos(\dfrac{2π}{3} + α)=-\dfrac{1}{5}$
D.$\cos(\dfrac{2π}{3} + α)=\dfrac{1}{5}$
答案
$\sin(\frac{π}{6}+α)=\sin[\frac{π}{2}-(\frac{π}{3}-α)]=\cos(\frac{π}{3}-α)=\frac{1}{5}$,故A错误,B正确;
$\cos(\frac{2π}{3}+α)=\cos[π-(\frac{π}{3}-α)]=-\cos(\frac{π}{3}-α)=-\frac{1}{5}$,故C正确,D错误。
$\cos(\frac{2π}{3}+α)=\cos[π-(\frac{π}{3}-α)]=-\cos(\frac{π}{3}-α)=-\frac{1}{5}$,故C正确,D错误。
7. 已知$\cos(α - \dfrac{π}{7}) = \dfrac{1}{3}$,则$\sin(α + \dfrac{5π}{14}) =$
$\frac{1}{3}$
答案
因为$\cos(α-\frac{π}{7})=\frac{1}{3}$,
所以$\sin(α+\frac{5π}{14})=\sin(α-\frac{π}{7}+\frac{π}{2})=\cos(α-\frac{π}{7})=\frac{1}{3}$。
所以$\sin(α+\frac{5π}{14})=\sin(α-\frac{π}{7}+\frac{π}{2})=\cos(α-\frac{π}{7})=\frac{1}{3}$。
8.已知$\cos(30°+α)=\dfrac{1}{3}$,且$0°<α<90°$,则$\sin(150°-α)=$
$\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}$
。答案
因为$150°-α=180°-(30°+α)$,
所以$\sin(150°-α)=\sin[180°-(30°+α)]=\sin(30°+α)$。
由$0°<α<90°$,得$30°<30°+α<120°$,所以$\sin(30°+α)>0$,
所以$\sin(30°+α)=\sqrt{1-\cos^2(30°+α)}=\sqrt{1-(\frac{1}{3})^2}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}$。
所以$\sin(150°-α)=\sin[180°-(30°+α)]=\sin(30°+α)$。
由$0°<α<90°$,得$30°<30°+α<120°$,所以$\sin(30°+α)>0$,
所以$\sin(30°+α)=\sqrt{1-\cos^2(30°+α)}=\sqrt{1-(\frac{1}{3})^2}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}$。
9.(1)求值:$\frac{\tan 150° \cos(-210°)\sin(-420°)}{\sin 1050° \cos(-600°)}$;
(2)已知 $α = \frac{π}{3}$,先化简,再求值:
(2)已知 $α = \frac{π}{3}$,先化简,再求值:
答案
解:(1)$\frac{\tan 150°\cos(-210°)\sin(-420°)}{\sin 1050°\cos(-600°)}$
$=\frac{\tan(180°-30°)\cos210°(-\sin420°)}{\sin(3×360°-30°)\cos600°}$
$=\frac{(-\tan30°)\cos(180°+30°)[-\sin(360°+60°)]}{-\sin30°\cos(360°+180°+60°)}$
$=\frac{(-\tan30°)(-\cos30°)(-\sin60°)}{(-\sin30°)(-\cos60°)}$
$=-\frac{\tan30°\cos30°\sin60°}{\sin30°\cos60°}=-\frac{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}×\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}×\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}×\frac{1}{2}}=-\sqrt{3}$。
(2)原式$=\frac{\sin α(-\cos α)}{\cos α\frac{\sin α}{\cos α}}=-\cos α$。
当$α=\frac{π}{3}$时,原式$=-\cos\frac{π}{3}=-\frac{1}{2}$。
$=\frac{\tan(180°-30°)\cos210°(-\sin420°)}{\sin(3×360°-30°)\cos600°}$
$=\frac{(-\tan30°)\cos(180°+30°)[-\sin(360°+60°)]}{-\sin30°\cos(360°+180°+60°)}$
$=\frac{(-\tan30°)(-\cos30°)(-\sin60°)}{(-\sin30°)(-\cos60°)}$
$=-\frac{\tan30°\cos30°\sin60°}{\sin30°\cos60°}=-\frac{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}×\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}×\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}×\frac{1}{2}}=-\sqrt{3}$。
(2)原式$=\frac{\sin α(-\cos α)}{\cos α\frac{\sin α}{\cos α}}=-\cos α$。
当$α=\frac{π}{3}$时,原式$=-\cos\frac{π}{3}=-\frac{1}{2}$。
10.若$\tan(3π+α)=a$,则$\sin^2(\frac{π}{2}-α)-2\sin(\frac{π}{2}-α)\cos(\frac{3π}{2}+α)$的值为(
A.$\frac{a-1}{a+1}$
B.$\frac{1-2a}{1+a^2}$
C.$1-2a$
D.$\frac{a+1}{a-1}$
B
)A.$\frac{a-1}{a+1}$
B.$\frac{1-2a}{1+a^2}$
C.$1-2a$
D.$\frac{a+1}{a-1}$
答案
因为$\tan(3π+α)=\tan α$,所以$\tan α=a$。
因为$\sin(\frac{π}{2}-α)=\cos α$,$\cos(\frac{3π}{2}+α)=\sin α$,
所以$\sin^2(\frac{π}{2}-α)-2\sin(\frac{π}{2}-α)\cos(\frac{3π}{2}+α)=\cos^2α-2\cos α\sin α=\frac{\cos^2α-2\cos α\sin α}{\cos^2α+\sin^2α}=\frac{1-2\tan α}{1+\tan^2α}=\frac{1-2a}{1+a^2}$。
因为$\sin(\frac{π}{2}-α)=\cos α$,$\cos(\frac{3π}{2}+α)=\sin α$,
所以$\sin^2(\frac{π}{2}-α)-2\sin(\frac{π}{2}-α)\cos(\frac{3π}{2}+α)=\cos^2α-2\cos α\sin α=\frac{\cos^2α-2\cos α\sin α}{\cos^2α+\sin^2α}=\frac{1-2\tan α}{1+\tan^2α}=\frac{1-2a}{1+a^2}$。
登录