Ⅴ. 任务型读写。
阅读短文,按要求完成各小题。
If a person wants to be a gentleman (君子), he should pay attention to what he does and says. Then what are the rules for a gentleman on words and actions? Let's find out the answers from Confucius, one of the greatest teachers in ancient China.
In the West, some people believe that how someone says something is more important than what he says. However, Confucius didn't think so. He believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully, even if that may make people feel bored.
Confucius believed that words were important so they should follow etiquette (规矩). But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do: work hard. He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work to improve themselves.
These rules for gentlemen's words and actions have influenced Chinese people for a long time. Today, many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical spirit rather than saying pleasant words.
Of course, as culture has developed over time, we should also view his words critically (批判性地). Choosing our words and actions according to the situation is also a form of wisdom.
Task I: Finish the chart according to the article. Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words.

Thought: 1)32 are important
2)Gentlemen should 33, not be lazy.
Effect: Since ancient times, these words and actions have
34 Chinese people a lot.
Notice: 1)We should view his words critically.
2) Choose our words and actions according to
the 35.|
| ---- | ---- |
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
Task II: Answer the following questions.
36. If a person wants to be a gentleman, what should he do?

37. Are the western people's thinking the same as Confucius? If not, what's the idea of Confucius?

38. What do you think of Confucius? Explain your reason(s) in about 20 words.

31. teacher 32. words 33. work hard 34. influenced 35. situation
36. He should pay attention to what he does and says.
37. No, they aren't. Confucius believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully, even if that may make people feel bored.
38.（答案不唯一）I think Confucius is full of wisdom. Because long ago, he had put forward many unique ideas and tell us a lot of philosophy.

【分析】
本题为任务型读写题，需先通读短文，定位每个空格及问题对应的原文内容：1. 对于31-35题的填空，需找到描述孔子身份、思想、影响及注意事项的原文语句，提取关键信息且不超过3个词；2. 对于36-38题的问答，需定位问题对应的段落，提取或整合原文信息作答，38题需结合对孔子的理解给出合理观点。
【解析】
31. 原文第一段提到“one of the greatest teachers in ancient China”，对应孔子的身份，故填teacher；
32. 原文第三段提到“Confucius believed that words were important”，故填words；
33. 原文第三段提到“gentlemen should do: work hard”，故填work hard；
34. 原文第四段提到“These rules... have influenced Chinese people for a long time”，故填influenced；
35. 原文第五段提到“Choosing our words and actions according to the situation”，故填situation；
36. 原文第一段第一句“If a person wants to be a gentleman (君子), he should pay attention to what he does and says.”，直接提取作答；
37. 原文第二段提到西方人的观点和孔子不同，孔子认为“gentlemen should choose their words carefully, even if that may make people feel bored”，按要求作答；
38. 结合对孔子的理解，给出合理观点，如认为他有智慧，因为他的思想影响深远，符合要求。
【答案】
31. teacher 32. words 33. work hard 34. influenced 35. situation
36. He should pay attention to what he does and says.
37. No, they aren't. Confucius believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully, even if that may make people feel bored.
38. I think Confucius is full of wisdom. Because long ago, he had put forward many unique ideas and tell us a lot of philosophy.
【知识点】
任务型读写、阅读理解、孔子思想
【点评】
本题考查学生从短文中提取信息、理解文意及表达观点的能力，需仔细定位原文对应内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7