6. (2024徐州中考)若$mn= 2,m-n= 1$,则代数式$m^{2}n-mn^{2}$的值是______.
答案
2
7. 若长方形的长、宽分别为$a,b$,周长为16,面积为10,则$a^{3}b+ab^{3}$的值为______.
答案
440
8. (教材变式)设$n$为个位数字为7的两位数,则$n^{2}$除以20的余数为()
A. 1
B. 3
C. 7
D. 9
A. 1
B. 3
C. 7
D. 9
答案
D
9. (教材变式)分解因式:
(1)$-14abc-7ab+49ab^{2}c$; (2)$6a(m-n)-3b(n-m)$;
(3)$9(m+n)^{2}-3(m-n)(m+n)$; (4)$a^{2}(2b-4)-a(6-3b)$;
(5)$18(a-b)^{3}-12b(b-a)^{2}$; (6)$2mn(m-n)-(n-m)^{3}$.
(1)$-14abc-7ab+49ab^{2}c$; (2)$6a(m-n)-3b(n-m)$;
(3)$9(m+n)^{2}-3(m-n)(m+n)$; (4)$a^{2}(2b-4)-a(6-3b)$;
(5)$18(a-b)^{3}-12b(b-a)^{2}$; (6)$2mn(m-n)-(n-m)^{3}$.
答案
解:(1)原式$=-7ab(2c + 1 - 7bc)$;
(2)原式$=3(m - n)(2a + b)$;
(3)原式$=3(m + n)[3(m + n) - (m - n)]$
$=3(m + n)(2m + 4n)$
$=6(m + n)(m + 2n)$;
(4)原式$=2a^{2}(b - 2) + 3a(b - 2)$
$=a(b - 2)(2a + 3)$;
(5)原式$=6(a - b)^{2}[3(a - b) - 2b]$
$=6(a - b)^{2}(3a - 3b - 2b)$
$=6(a - b)^{2}(3a - 5b)$;
(6)原式$=2mn(m - n) + (m - n)^{3}$
$=(m - n)[2mn + (m - n)^{2}]$
$=(m - n)(2mn + m^{2} - 2mn + n^{2})$
$=(m - n)(m^{2} + n^{2})$。
(2)原式$=3(m - n)(2a + b)$;
(3)原式$=3(m + n)[3(m + n) - (m - n)]$
$=3(m + n)(2m + 4n)$
$=6(m + n)(m + 2n)$;
(4)原式$=2a^{2}(b - 2) + 3a(b - 2)$
$=a(b - 2)(2a + 3)$;
(5)原式$=6(a - b)^{2}[3(a - b) - 2b]$
$=6(a - b)^{2}(3a - 3b - 2b)$
$=6(a - b)^{2}(3a - 5b)$;
(6)原式$=2mn(m - n) + (m - n)^{3}$
$=(m - n)[2mn + (m - n)^{2}]$
$=(m - n)(2mn + m^{2} - 2mn + n^{2})$
$=(m - n)(m^{2} + n^{2})$。
10. (教材变式)已知一个三角形的三边长分别为$a,b,c$,且$a^{2}-ac= ab-bc$.试判断这个三角形的形状.
答案
解:$\because a^{2} - ac = ab - bc$,
$\therefore a^{2} - ac - ab + bc = 0$,
$\therefore a(a - c) - b(a - c) = 0$,
$\therefore (a - c)(a - b) = 0$,
$\therefore a - c = 0$或$a - b = 0$,
$\therefore a = c$或$a = b$,
$\therefore$这个三角形是等腰三角形。
$\therefore a^{2} - ac - ab + bc = 0$,
$\therefore a(a - c) - b(a - c) = 0$,
$\therefore (a - c)(a - b) = 0$,
$\therefore a - c = 0$或$a - b = 0$,
$\therefore a = c$或$a = b$,
$\therefore$这个三角形是等腰三角形。
11. (教材变式)阅读理解:把多项式$am+an+bm+bn$分解因式.
解:原式$=(am+an)+(bm+bn)= a(m+n)+b(m+n)= (m+n)(a+b)$.
尝试运用:(1)分解因式:$mb-3mc+b^{2}-3bc$;
(2)已知$xy= 15$,且满足$x^{2}y+y-xy^{2}-x= 28$,求$x-y$的值.
解:原式$=(am+an)+(bm+bn)= a(m+n)+b(m+n)= (m+n)(a+b)$.
尝试运用:(1)分解因式:$mb-3mc+b^{2}-3bc$;
(2)已知$xy= 15$,且满足$x^{2}y+y-xy^{2}-x= 28$,求$x-y$的值.
答案
解:(1)原式$=(mb - 3mc) + (b^{2} - 3bc)$
$=m(b - 3c) + b(b - 3c)$
$=(b - 3c)(m + b)$;
(2)$\because x^{2}y + y - xy^{2} - x = 28$,
$\therefore (x^{2}y - xy^{2}) - (x - y) = 28$,
$\therefore xy(x - y) - (x - y) = 28$,
$\therefore (xy - 1)(x - y) = 28$。
$\because xy = 15$,
$\therefore (15 - 1)(x - y) = 28$,
$\therefore x - y = 2$。
$=m(b - 3c) + b(b - 3c)$
$=(b - 3c)(m + b)$;
(2)$\because x^{2}y + y - xy^{2} - x = 28$,
$\therefore (x^{2}y - xy^{2}) - (x - y) = 28$,
$\therefore xy(x - y) - (x - y) = 28$,
$\therefore (xy - 1)(x - y) = 28$。
$\because xy = 15$,
$\therefore (15 - 1)(x - y) = 28$,
$\therefore x - y = 2$。
登录