六、阅读理解。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:勤学善思 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★
The brush pen, one of the "Four Treasures of the Study", was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general(将军）of the Kingdom of Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to write reports to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.
One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail(痕迹）on the ground when it moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, "If I tie the rabbit's hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?"
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and he wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his "invention" into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his "invention" fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
()1. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen?
A. The king asked him to do so. B. He wanted to be an inventor.
C. The pen brought him much trouble. D. He didn't have silk to write on.
()2. Which is the right order of improving the brush pen?
a. The brush pen could write well. b. Meng tied the rabbit's hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away. d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
e. Meng came up with a new idea on the way home after hunting.
A. e-b-d-c-a B. d-b-a-c-e C. e-b-d-a-c D. d-b-c-a-e
()3. How can the students understand Chinese culture better according to the passage?
A. By learning to use brush pens. B. By inventing new things.
C. By making pens with animals' hair. D. By planting more bamboo.
()4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. We should learn from animals. B. We should value wonderful memories.
C. We should think twice before taking action. D. We should keep trying and never give up.

1. C
2. A
3. A
4. D

【分析】
这是一篇记叙文阅读理解，包含细节理解、事件排序、主旨推理类题目。解题思路为：1. 先通读全文，把握文章脉络（讲述蒙恬改进毛笔的过程及意义）；2. 针对每道题，带着问题回原文定位相关语句，逐一比对选项，排除不符合原文的错误项；3. 排序题需梳理事件的先后发展顺序，确保逻辑正确；4. 主旨题需结合文章核心内容提炼道理。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.”可知，蒙恬改进毛笔是因为旧笔给他带来很多麻烦，对应选项C。A选项“国王要求”、B选项“想当发明家”、D选项“没有丝绸”均未在原文提及，排除，故选C。
2. 事件排序题：梳理原文事件顺序：①蒙恬打猎回家路上看到兔毛痕迹想到新主意（e）；②他把兔毛绑在棍子上（b）；③发现写不好后把“发明”扔进石洞（d）；④几天后雨水洗去兔毛上的油（c）；⑤毛笔能很好地书写（a）。对应顺序为e-b-d-c-a，故选A。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段“Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school... helps them better understand Chinese culture.”可知，学生通过学习使用毛笔更好地理解中国文化，对应选项A。B、C、D均与原文不符，排除，故选A。
4. 推理判断题：文章讲述蒙恬改进毛笔多次失败仍不放弃，最终成功的故事，告诉我们要坚持、永不放弃，对应选项D。A、B、C均不符合文章主旨，排除，故选D。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D
【知识点】细节理解题、推理判断题、记叙文阅读
【点评】本文围绕蒙恬改进毛笔的经历展开，题目侧重考查学生对文章细节的把握和逻辑顺序的梳理，难度适中，需要学生仔细阅读原文，准确定位关键信息。
【难度系数】0.6