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四、完成句子
1. 这儿是两小袋糖果和三瓶水。一共10元。
Here and . 10 yuan in all.
2. 糖给你能量，但吃太多对你的牙齿有坏处。
Sugar , but .
3. 为了保持健康蒂姆多久锻炼一次？
does Tim ?
4. 桑迪爱吃甜食。她需要对她的饮食做出一些改变。
Sandy . She needs her diet.
5. 对儿童来说，有足够的睡眠是有帮助的。
It is helpful for children .
6. 坚决不要不吃早餐就去上学。
Never .
1. 这儿是两小袋糖果和三瓶水。一共10元。
Here and . 10 yuan in all.
2. 糖给你能量，但吃太多对你的牙齿有坏处。
Sugar , but .
3. 为了保持健康蒂姆多久锻炼一次？
does Tim ?
4. 桑迪爱吃甜食。她需要对她的饮食做出一些改变。
Sandy . She needs her diet.
5. 对儿童来说，有足够的睡眠是有帮助的。
It is helpful for children .
6. 坚决不要不吃早餐就去上学。
Never .
答案
1. are two packets of sweets, three bottles of water
2. gives you energy, eating too much is bad for your teeth
3. How often, exercise to keep/stay fit
4. has a sweet tooth, to make some changes to
5. to have enough sleep
6. go to school without (having) breakfast
2. gives you energy, eating too much is bad for your teeth
3. How often, exercise to keep/stay fit
4. has a sweet tooth, to make some changes to
5. to have enough sleep
6. go to school without (having) breakfast
解析
【分析】
本题为英语完成句子题，需结合中文句意、固定短语及语法规则填写空缺：1. 第1题考查here开头的倒装句及量词搭配，be动词遵循就近原则，“两小袋糖果”“三瓶水”对应固定量词短语；2. 第2题考查固定搭配，需注意主谓一致及动名词作主语的用法；3. 第3题考查频率提问的特殊疑问句，需掌握How often的用法及不定式作目的状语；4. 第4题考查固定短语及need的用法；5. 第5题考查it作形式主语的句型；6. 第6题考查介词without的用法。
【解析】
1. here开头的倒装句中，be动词与邻近主语（two packets of sweets，复数）一致，用are；“袋”用packet复数packets，“糖果”sweet复数sweets；“瓶”bottle复数bottles，“水”water不可数，故填are two packets of sweets, three bottles of water；
2. “给某人能量”是give sb energy，主语sugar为不可数名词，谓语用gives；“吃太多”是eating too much，“对……有害”是be bad for，“牙齿”用复数teeth，故填gives you energy, eating too much is bad for your teeth；
3. 提问频率用How often；“锻炼”是exercise，不定式to keep/stay fit作目的状语，故填How often, exercise to keep/stay fit；
4. “爱吃甜食”是固定短语have a sweet tooth，主语Sandy为第三人称单数，谓语用has；need to do表“需要做某事”，“对……做出改变”是make changes to，故填has a sweet tooth, to make some changes to；
5. it作形式主语，真正主语为不定式，“有足够的睡眠”是have enough sleep，故填to have enough sleep；
6. without为介词，后接名词/动名词，“不吃早餐”是without (having) breakfast，“去上学”是go to school，故填go to school without (having) breakfast。
【答案】
1. are two packets of sweets, three bottles of water
2. gives you energy, eating too much is bad for your teeth
3. How often, exercise to keep/stay fit
4. has a sweet tooth, to make some changes to
5. to have enough sleep
6. go to school without (having) breakfast
【知识点】
英语固定搭配、英语句型、介词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇、短语及常用句型的运用，难度较低，需学生积累常用表达，注意主谓一致、介词搭配及句型结构的正确性。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语完成句子题，需结合中文句意、固定短语及语法规则填写空缺：1. 第1题考查here开头的倒装句及量词搭配，be动词遵循就近原则，“两小袋糖果”“三瓶水”对应固定量词短语；2. 第2题考查固定搭配，需注意主谓一致及动名词作主语的用法；3. 第3题考查频率提问的特殊疑问句，需掌握How often的用法及不定式作目的状语；4. 第4题考查固定短语及need的用法；5. 第5题考查it作形式主语的句型；6. 第6题考查介词without的用法。
【解析】
1. here开头的倒装句中，be动词与邻近主语（two packets of sweets，复数）一致，用are；“袋”用packet复数packets，“糖果”sweet复数sweets；“瓶”bottle复数bottles，“水”water不可数，故填are two packets of sweets, three bottles of water；
2. “给某人能量”是give sb energy，主语sugar为不可数名词，谓语用gives；“吃太多”是eating too much，“对……有害”是be bad for，“牙齿”用复数teeth，故填gives you energy, eating too much is bad for your teeth；
3. 提问频率用How often；“锻炼”是exercise，不定式to keep/stay fit作目的状语，故填How often, exercise to keep/stay fit；
4. “爱吃甜食”是固定短语have a sweet tooth，主语Sandy为第三人称单数，谓语用has；need to do表“需要做某事”，“对……做出改变”是make changes to，故填has a sweet tooth, to make some changes to；
5. it作形式主语，真正主语为不定式，“有足够的睡眠”是have enough sleep，故填to have enough sleep；
6. without为介词，后接名词/动名词，“不吃早餐”是without (having) breakfast，“去上学”是go to school，故填go to school without (having) breakfast。
【答案】
1. are two packets of sweets, three bottles of water
2. gives you energy, eating too much is bad for your teeth
3. How often, exercise to keep/stay fit
4. has a sweet tooth, to make some changes to
5. to have enough sleep
6. go to school without (having) breakfast
【知识点】
英语固定搭配、英语句型、介词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇、短语及常用句型的运用，难度较低，需学生积累常用表达，注意主谓一致、介词搭配及句型结构的正确性。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、阅读理解
Have you ever made soup at home? It's pretty easy to do. One of my favourite is chicken tortilla（玉米薄饼）soup. It's a kind of Mexican（墨西哥的）soup that has beans, chicken and some other ingredients（原料）.
I make the soup often, so I know the recipe well and it tastes the same every time.
But there was one time when I didn't have one of the most important ingredients. I planned to just make the soup without that ingredient. I thought one ingredient wouldn't make a big difference（有影响）.
When I tasted it later, it still tasted all right — I could eat it, but it wasn't quite the same. I was sure that it would be better if I followed the recipe exactly（精确地）.
It is the same in your lives. When you work in groups at school, you can think of each member of the group as an ingredient in the soup. If an "ingredient" isn't there, or isn't doing his or her job well, the "soup" won't be right. Remember the story of the soup next time you have to work in a group with your classmates.
（
A. How to cook food.
B. How different food tastes.
C. What food is like in other countries.
D. How to make soup with very few ingredients.
（
A. It tasted very good.
B. It was too bad to eat.
C. It tasted quite the same.
D. It was not as good as before.
（
A. not always in need
B. going to do his or her job well
C. like an ingredient in soup
D. like a special kind of soup
（
A. how to get into new groups
B. the importance（重要性）of the recipes
C. how to make soup at home
D. the importance of teamwork
Have you ever made soup at home? It's pretty easy to do. One of my favourite is chicken tortilla（玉米薄饼）soup. It's a kind of Mexican（墨西哥的）soup that has beans, chicken and some other ingredients（原料）.
I make the soup often, so I know the recipe well and it tastes the same every time.
But there was one time when I didn't have one of the most important ingredients. I planned to just make the soup without that ingredient. I thought one ingredient wouldn't make a big difference（有影响）.
When I tasted it later, it still tasted all right — I could eat it, but it wasn't quite the same. I was sure that it would be better if I followed the recipe exactly（精确地）.
It is the same in your lives. When you work in groups at school, you can think of each member of the group as an ingredient in the soup. If an "ingredient" isn't there, or isn't doing his or her job well, the "soup" won't be right. Remember the story of the soup next time you have to work in a group with your classmates.
（
A
）1. What does the underlined word "recipe" possibly tell us?A. How to cook food.
B. How different food tastes.
C. What food is like in other countries.
D. How to make soup with very few ingredients.
（
D
）2. How did the writer's soup taste without the important ingredient?A. It tasted very good.
B. It was too bad to eat.
C. It tasted quite the same.
D. It was not as good as before.
（
C
）3. According to the last paragraph, each member of a group is .A. not always in need
B. going to do his or her job well
C. like an ingredient in soup
D. like a special kind of soup
（
D
）4. In this story, the writer tries to teach us a lesson about .A. how to get into new groups
B. the importance（重要性）of the recipes
C. how to make soup at home
D. the importance of teamwork
答案
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. D
2. D
3. C
4. D
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文，理解文章主旨：作者通过讲述自己做鸡肉玉米薄饼汤时缺少重要原料导致味道不如之前的经历，类比学校小组合作中每个成员的重要性，强调团队合作的意义。针对每道题的解题思路：1. 词义猜测题：定位到含划线词的句子，结合上下文（经常做汤，知道的是做汤的方法）推断词义；2. 细节理解题：定位到题干相关的原文句子，对比选项得出答案；3. 细节理解题：直接定位最后一段的类比句，匹配选项；4. 主旨大意题：梳理文章类比逻辑，提炼核心道理。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位到第二段“I make the soup often, so I know the recipe well and it tastes the same every time.”，由“经常做汤”“每次味道一样”可推知，recipe指做汤的方法，对应选项A。
2. 细节理解题：定位到第四段“When I tasted it later, it still tasted all right — I could eat it, but it wasn't quite the same.”，可知缺少重要原料的汤不如之前的味道好，对应选项D。
3. 细节理解题：定位到最后一段“When you work in groups at school, you can think of each member of the group as an ingredient in the soup.”，直接得出小组中的每个成员就像汤里的一种原料，对应选项C。
4. 主旨大意题：文章以做汤缺原料影响味道为类比，说明小组合作中每个成员都很重要，核心是强调团队合作的重要性，对应选项D。
【答案】
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意）
【点评】
本文以生活化事例类比抽象道理，语言通俗易懂，考查学生对英语阅读中不同题型的解题能力，贴近初中英语阅读考查要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先通读全文，理解文章主旨：作者通过讲述自己做鸡肉玉米薄饼汤时缺少重要原料导致味道不如之前的经历，类比学校小组合作中每个成员的重要性，强调团队合作的意义。针对每道题的解题思路：1. 词义猜测题：定位到含划线词的句子，结合上下文（经常做汤，知道的是做汤的方法）推断词义；2. 细节理解题：定位到题干相关的原文句子，对比选项得出答案；3. 细节理解题：直接定位最后一段的类比句，匹配选项；4. 主旨大意题：梳理文章类比逻辑，提炼核心道理。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位到第二段“I make the soup often, so I know the recipe well and it tastes the same every time.”，由“经常做汤”“每次味道一样”可推知，recipe指做汤的方法，对应选项A。
2. 细节理解题：定位到第四段“When I tasted it later, it still tasted all right — I could eat it, but it wasn't quite the same.”，可知缺少重要原料的汤不如之前的味道好，对应选项D。
3. 细节理解题：定位到最后一段“When you work in groups at school, you can think of each member of the group as an ingredient in the soup.”，直接得出小组中的每个成员就像汤里的一种原料，对应选项C。
4. 主旨大意题：文章以做汤缺原料影响味道为类比，说明小组合作中每个成员都很重要，核心是强调团队合作的重要性，对应选项D。
【答案】
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意）
【点评】
本文以生活化事例类比抽象道理，语言通俗易懂，考查学生对英语阅读中不同题型的解题能力，贴近初中英语阅读考查要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
