登录
一、根据中文意思完成句子。
1. 吸烟对我们的健康有极大的伤害。
Smoking our health.
2. 现代农业的耕作方法可能会对环境造成进一步的负面影响。
Modern farming methods can the environment.
3. 严重的听力问题可能会导致一些健康问题，如高血压、心脏病等。
Serious hearing problems can cause some health problems like , heart disease .
4. 不要往河里直接倾倒脏水。
Don’t dirty water the river directly.
5. 在各种帮助之下，我们中大多数人知道了怎样进行垃圾分类。
With different kinds of help, most of us know .
1. 吸烟对我们的健康有极大的伤害。
Smoking our health.
2. 现代农业的耕作方法可能会对环境造成进一步的负面影响。
Modern farming methods can the environment.
3. 严重的听力问题可能会导致一些健康问题，如高血压、心脏病等。
Serious hearing problems can cause some health problems like , heart disease .
4. 不要往河里直接倾倒脏水。
Don’t dirty water the river directly.
5. 在各种帮助之下，我们中大多数人知道了怎样进行垃圾分类。
With different kinds of help, most of us know .
答案
1. does great harm to
2. have further negative effects on
3. high blood pressure; and so on
4. pour; into
5. how to sort waste
2. have further negative effects on
3. high blood pressure; and so on
4. pour; into
5. how to sort waste
解析
【分析】本题为根据中文意思补全英语句子，解题思路是：先明确每个句子的中文核心含义，再结合英语常用固定搭配、句子结构（如情态动词后接动词原形、疑问词+不定式作宾语等），匹配对应的英语短语完成句子。
【解析】1. “对……有极大伤害”的固定搭配为do great harm to，主语smoking是第三人称单数，一般现在时，故用does great harm to；2. “对……造成进一步负面影响”的固定搭配是have further negative effects on，情态动词can后接动词原形，直接使用该短语；3. “高血压”对应high blood pressure，“等等”对应and so on，符合举例的表达；4. “往……倾倒”的短语是pour...into，祈使句Don’t后接动词原形，故填pour; into；5. “怎样进行垃圾分类”用疑问词how+不定式结构how to sort waste，作know的宾语。
【答案】1. does great harm to 2. have further negative effects on 3. high blood pressure; and so on 4. pour; into 5. how to sort waste
【知识点】固定搭配、动词短语、疑问词+不定式
【点评】本题考查英语常用固定短语的运用，属于基础题型，需学生掌握日常表达相关的常用搭配，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. “对……有极大伤害”的固定搭配为do great harm to，主语smoking是第三人称单数，一般现在时，故用does great harm to；2. “对……造成进一步负面影响”的固定搭配是have further negative effects on，情态动词can后接动词原形，直接使用该短语；3. “高血压”对应high blood pressure，“等等”对应and so on，符合举例的表达；4. “往……倾倒”的短语是pour...into，祈使句Don’t后接动词原形，故填pour; into；5. “怎样进行垃圾分类”用疑问词how+不定式结构how to sort waste，作know的宾语。
【答案】1. does great harm to 2. have further negative effects on 3. high blood pressure; and so on 4. pour; into 5. how to sort waste
【知识点】固定搭配、动词短语、疑问词+不定式
【点评】本题考查英语常用固定短语的运用，属于基础题型，需学生掌握日常表达相关的常用搭配，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
二、根据短文完成思维导图。
Soil pollution happens when harmful chemicals（化学品）from factories, farming pesticides（杀虫剂）, or waste enter the earth, making the soil dirty and unsafe. This pollution causes crops to take in dangerous elements, turning them into toxic（有毒的）food. When these polluted crops are eaten by humans or animals, the chemicals enter their bodies. This also leads to serious health problems and causes the death of animals.
Cause
Harmful chemicals, farming pesticides and waste 1. .
Cause/ Effect
Polluted soil produce 2. .
Effect
Polluted food leads to 3. and .
Soil pollution happens when harmful chemicals（化学品）from factories, farming pesticides（杀虫剂）, or waste enter the earth, making the soil dirty and unsafe. This pollution causes crops to take in dangerous elements, turning them into toxic（有毒的）food. When these polluted crops are eaten by humans or animals, the chemicals enter their bodies. This also leads to serious health problems and causes the death of animals.
Cause
Harmful chemicals, farming pesticides and waste 1. .
Cause/ Effect
Polluted soil produce 2. .
Effect
Polluted food leads to 3. and .
答案
1. enter the earth/pollute the soil
2. unhealthy/toxic food
3. health problems; causes the death of animals
2. unhealthy/toxic food
3. health problems; causes the death of animals
解析
【分析】本题要求根据短文内容填写思维导图中Cause部分的空缺，解题时需先定位原文中关于有害化学物质、农药和废弃物的相关描述，提取对应信息完成填空。
【解析】根据短文原文“Soil pollution happens when harmful chemicals（化学品）from factories, farming pesticides（杀虫剂）, or waste enter the earth”可知，有害化学物质、农药和废弃物会进入土壤，对应空缺处应填写enter the earth（也可填写pollute the soil，符合原文语义即可）。
【答案】enter the earth/pollute the soil
【知识点】阅读理解；信息提取
【点评】本题侧重考查学生从短文中提取关键信息的能力，难度较低，只要准确找到原文对应内容即可完成作答。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】根据短文原文“Soil pollution happens when harmful chemicals（化学品）from factories, farming pesticides（杀虫剂）, or waste enter the earth”可知，有害化学物质、农药和废弃物会进入土壤，对应空缺处应填写enter the earth（也可填写pollute the soil，符合原文语义即可）。
【答案】enter the earth/pollute the soil
【知识点】阅读理解；信息提取
【点评】本题侧重考查学生从短文中提取关键信息的能力，难度较低，只要准确找到原文对应内容即可完成作答。
【难度系数】0.6
