Ⅰ. 流感预防 冬季是流感的高发期，气温变化大，病毒容易传播。让我们一起做好防护，远离疾病吧！（有两项多余）
It's possible to fall ill at any time of the year, but winter seems to bring a big rise in sickness. We often think of the cold weather driving us indoors as a big reason, but is that the only reason? 1. .
It's certainly true that spending more time indoors can put us in close contact with others. As a result, the risk of catching a cold or flu will increase. However, there are other reasons. According to scientists, the flu virus is protected by a fatty coating(脂肪层) on the outside. This coating turns into liquid(液体) at higher temperatures. 2. . In colder weather, however, the coating remains complete. When the virus comes in contact with the respiratory tract(呼吸道), it will enter our body easily.
That's not the only way viruses can get advantages from cooler temperatures. 3. , both indoors and outside. The dry air is good for the spread of viruses. Therefore, viruses can travel farther and be in the air for longer. Besides, in winter, we often close our windows and doors to keep warm. Less fresh air indoors helps viruses live longer in a room.
What about other reasons? 4. . It's easier to damage our immune systems(免疫系统). A recent study, published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, found that reducing the temperature inside the nose by 5 ℃ kills nearly 50% of its virus-fighting cells.
5. . Washing our hands often can reduce the spread of viruses. Try to avoid sharing dishes or drinking glasses with others too. And don't forget to wear masks because they can stop the viruses from entering the nose.
A. The air is drier in winter
B. In fact, there is something else
C. Warm weather does good to our body
D. Cold weather may do harm to our body
E. Yes, it's the main reason for colds or flu
F. So the virus is less able to spread in summer
G. We can use some healthy tips to prevent illnesses

1.B 2.F 3.A 4.D 5.G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了冬季容易生病的原因。
1. B 解析:根据“We often think of the cold weather driving us indoors as a big reason, but is that the only reason?”可知,下文中应该表达还有其他的原因。选项 B“事实上,还有其他的原因”符合语境,故选 B。
2. F 解析:根据“This coating turns into liquid at higher temperatures.”可知,在高温下,这种脂肪层会变成液体,选项 F“所以病毒在夏天不太容易传播”符合语境,故选 F。
3. A 解析:根据“The dry air is good for the spread of viruses.”可知干燥的空气有利于病毒的传播,此句提到了干燥的空气,选项 A“冬天空气比较干燥”符合语境,故选 A。
4. D 解析:根据下文“reducing the temperature inside the nose by 5 ℃ kills nearly 50% of its virus-fighting cells”可知,此句提到了寒冷天气的危害,选项 D“寒冷的天气可能对我们的身体有害”符合语境,故选 D。
5. G 解析:根据下文可知,本段主要描述了我们可以采取哪些措施来减少病毒传播和入侵,选项 G“我们可以使用一些健康的提示来预防疾病”符合语境,故选 G。

【分析】本题为英语七选五题型，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨（冬季易生病的原因及预防方法），再逐个分析每个空缺处的前后文语境，寻找逻辑衔接或信息对应关系，匹配选项。第1空前文提出“这是唯一原因吗？”的疑问，需选引出其他原因的选项；第2空前说明高温下病毒脂肪层的变化，对应夏天病毒传播的情况；第3空后文提到干燥空气对病毒传播的作用，需选对应干燥空气的选项；第4空后文阐述低温对免疫系统的损害，需选对应寒冷危害的选项；第5空后文介绍预防疾病的具体措施，需选引出预防方法的选项。
【解析】1. 根据前文“is that the only reason?”，空缺处需承接上文疑问，引出其他原因，B项“事实上，还有其他的原因”符合语境，故选B。2. 根据前文“This coating turns into liquid at higher temperatures”，高温下病毒的脂肪层会液化，导致病毒难以传播，F项“所以病毒在夏天不太容易传播”与前文逻辑一致，故选F。3. 根据后文“The dry air is good for the spread of viruses”，空缺处需提到干燥空气，A项“冬天空气比较干燥”符合语境，故选A。4. 根据后文“reducing the temperature inside the nose by 5 ℃ kills nearly 50% of its virus-fighting cells”，空缺处需体现寒冷对身体的危害，D项“寒冷的天气可能对我们的身体有害”符合，故选D。5. 根据后文介绍的洗手、戴口罩等预防措施，空缺处需引出预防疾病的方法，G项“我们可以使用一些健康的提示来预防疾病”符合，故选G。
【答案】1.B 2.F 3.A 4.D 5.G
【知识点】英语阅读理解（七选五）、语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】本题围绕冬季流感预防展开，考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑关系的理解与运用，是常见的英语阅读题型，需结合语境匹配对应选项。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅱ. 健康饮食 秋冬季节，身体需要更多的营养来抵御严寒。合理的饮食不仅能为我们提供充足的能量，还能增强我们的免疫力。下面就来看看秋冬饮食的小秘诀吧！完成思维导图。（每空一词，第10题不限词数）
When winter comes and spring is still far away, soup might be all you need to warm you up.
But if you think soups are only to warm you up, think again, as dietary therapy(食疗法) has long been practised in China. As written in a book by the famous ancient Chinese doctor Zhang Zhongjing, food can also be used as medicine, so eating the right things might help you avoid or get over illnesses. Here, we've chosen four popular Chinese soups for winter. Let's eat up for a healthy season!
★Gedatang is a typical soup enjoyed by people in northern China. The soup is usually eaten as an evening meal, as it is easy to digest(消化). The vegetables used in the soup are different from place to place.
★Curry beef soup is a popular dish in Shanghai. Potatoes are often cooked together with the beef. Both the potatoes and the beef are soft, which makes the soup easy to digest too.
★Lotus root soup with pork ribs is a famous dish in Hubei Province. The soup made with lotus roots grown in Honghu Lake is considered the best. The soup is also believed to help cool the blood.
★Pawpaw and tremella sweet soup with lotus seeds(莲子) is a traditional dish from Guangdong Province. The soup is becoming increasingly popular in other parts of China, not only because it tastes wonderful but also because it helps with coughs, which are common on cold and dry winter days. It is really popular among women, as both pawpaws and tremella are good for the skin.
新考法 思维导图

10. Which soups do you think are suitable for a person with trouble digesting food?

1. good 2. Four 3. dinner 4. places 5. both
6. from 7. Traditional 8. because 9. women
10. Gedatang and curry beef soup.

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解的思维导图填空题，解题思路是先通读原文，明确每个空所在句子的语境，再定位原文中对应信息，结合句子结构、固定搭配等填写合适的词，确保符合题目要求（每空一词，第10题不限）。
【解析】1. 固定搭配be good for表示“对……有益”，结合原文中汤能保暖的描述，填good；2. 原文共列举了四种适合冬天的汤，故填Four；3. 原文提到疙瘩汤（Gedatang）通常作为晚餐食用，evening meal对应dinner，填dinner；4. 原文提到疙瘩汤的蔬菜因地区不同而不同，different from place to place对应different places，填places；5. 固定搭配both...and...表示“两者都”，原文提到土豆和牛肉都软，填both；6. 原文提到莲藕来自洪湖，用from表示“来自”，填from；7. 原文提到该汤是广东的传统菜肴，句首单词大写，填Traditional；8. 固定搭配because of后接名词/代词等，原文中its wonderful taste是名词短语，故填because；9. 原文提到该汤在女性中受欢迎，填women；10. 原文中疙瘩汤和咖喱牛肉汤都提到容易消化，故填Gedatang and curry beef soup。
【答案】1. good 2. Four 3. dinner 4. places 5. both 6. from 7. Traditional 8. because 9. women 10. Gedatang and curry beef soup
【知识点】英语阅读理解、词汇运用、固定搭配
【点评】本题以秋冬健康饮食为主题，通过思维导图形式考查学生的信息定位能力，需结合原文内容和语言知识解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.8