(E)
One of the most famous people in ancient China was a wise philosopher(哲学家)named Confucius(孔夫子)(circa 551-479 BC). He sometimes went by the names Kong Zi though he was born—Kong Qiu—styled Zhong Ni. He was born in the village of Zou in the country of Lu.
When Confucius was only three, his father died. His mother was very poor. 76. As Confucius grew up, he wanted to learn things. So he decided to teach himself.
Confucius was a strange-looking boy. 77. Confucius got very upset, but he was a kind boy and never fought back. Confucius didn’t play with other children in his free 78. He also talked to artists and musicians and learned from them.
If he met with something difficult to do, he kept trying over and over again until he learned how to do it. 79.
Later, Confucius grew up to be a very clever man and became the leader of a city. 80. He used his knowledge and skills in a wise and fair way to govern(管理)the city. He was very popular with his people.
People today believe Confucius was the wisest man who ever lived in China. He also made many wise sayings in ancient China that helped many people learn about nature, the world and the human behavior. Many of his wise sayings are still inspiring(激励)us, such as “Is it not pleasant to acquire knowledge and be able to constantly apply it? ” “Is it not delightful to receive friends coming from afar? ”
根据短文内容，将方框中的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺。(每个选项只能用一次)。(5分)
A. Other children often made fun of him.
B. People were very happy because he was a good leader.
C. She didn’t have enough money to send her son to school.
D. In this way, the boy taught himself to read and write, and learned lots of things.
E. He went off to talk to wise men in the mountains and learned from them.

76.C 77.A 78.E 79.D 80.B

【分析】
本题为英语句子还原题，解题思路是先通读全文把握孔子生平的语篇脉络，再逐个分析每个空白处的上下文语境，结合选项的语义逻辑逐一匹配：第76空需承接母亲贫穷的内容，对应选项C；第77空需解释孔子沮丧的原因，对应选项A；第78空需承接孔子不与其他孩子玩的行为，对应选项E；第79空需总结孔子自学的过程结果，对应选项D；第80空需承接孔子成为城市领导者的内容，对应选项B。
【解析】
1. 第76空：前文提到“his mother was very poor”，选项C“她没有足够的钱送儿子上学”承接上文母亲贫穷的情况，符合语境，故76选C。
2. 第77空：前文提到“Confucius was a strange-looking boy”，后文说“Confucius got very upset, but he was a kind boy and never fought back”，选项A“其他孩子经常取笑他”解释了孔子沮丧的原因，符合逻辑，故77选A。
3. 第78空：前文说“Confucius didn’t play with other children”，后文说“He also talked to artists and musicians and learned from them”，选项E“他去山里和智者交谈并向他们学习”承接上文不玩耍的行为，且与后文的学习行为并列，故78选E。
4. 第79空：前文说“If he met with something difficult to do, he kept trying over and over again until he learned how to do it”，这是孔子自学的过程，选项D“就这样，这个男孩自学读写，学到了很多东西”总结了自学的结果，符合语境，故79选D。
5. 第80空：前文说“became the leader of a city”，后文说“He used his knowledge and skills in a wise and fair way to govern the city”，选项B“人们非常开心因为他是个好领导”承接上文成为领导者的内容，且与后文的管理效果呼应，故80选B。
【答案】
76.C 77.A 78.E 79.D 80.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、句子还原
【点评】
本题考查英语语篇理解与句子还原能力，要求学生结合上下文语境和逻辑关系匹配句子，注重对语篇连贯性的把握，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.6

(F)
Our school held a meaningful activity on May Day. About a week before May Day, the teacher thought it was necessary for us to visit the sanitation workers(环卫工人)and experience their work.
After a hot discussion, we decided to help the sanitation workers do some work and prepare some shows to bring them happiness. The day finally came, We arrived at the sanitation station on time. After a short talk, we helped the workers to do some cleaning first. We helped them carry heavy bags full of litter and paid close attention to every step, trying to keep pace with the workers. Finally, we emptied the bins, swept the streets and picked up the litter. I was very hot that day, but all of us finished our work well.
After that, we got back to the station and presented our shows, such as singing, dancing and talk shows. Maybe the shows were not perfect, but we could feel that our shows were bringing the workers happiness at that time. I didn’t realize the importance of labor until that day. I realized that these workers shouldn’t just be the strangers on the streets. They are people we should look up to.
We shouldn’t throw litter everywhere in order to make their work easier. Let them have enough time to rest and enjoy the beautiful city created by their labor.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。(10分)
81. What did the writer do on May Day?

82. When did the students carry heavy bags full of litter?

83. How did the workers feel when the students presented their shows?

84. What did the writer realize after the activity according to the text?

85. How should we do in our daily life?

81. To visit the sanitation workers and experience their work.
82. After they had a short talk with the workers.
83. Happy.
84. He realized the importance of labor. /They are people we should look up to.
85. We should protect our beautiful city created by their labor.

【分析】
解答这类阅读理解细节题，需先明确问题的核心关键词，再带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位信息，精准提取与问题相关的内容，确保答案与原文表述一致，符合题意要求。
【解析】
81题：定位原文第一段，老师认为有必要让学生拜访环卫工人并体验其工作，因此作者在五一做的事是拜访环卫工人、体验他们的工作；
82题：定位原文第二段，提到“After a short talk, we helped the workers to do some cleaning first. We helped them carry heavy bags full of litter”，可知搬装满垃圾的重袋子是在和工人简短谈话之后；
83题：定位原文第三段，“we could feel that our shows were bringing the workers happiness”，说明工人观看表演时的感受是开心的；
84题：定位原文第三段，作者明确提到“didn’t realize the importance of labor until that day”以及“They are people we should look up to”，这两点都是活动后的感悟；
85题：定位原文最后一段，“We shouldn’t throw litter everywhere in order to make their work easier...enjoy the beautiful city created by their labor”，可知日常应保护环卫工人创造的城市，不乱扔垃圾；
【答案】
81. To visit the sanitation workers and experience their work.
82. After they had a short talk with the workers.
83. Happy.
84. He realized the importance of labor. /They are people we should look up to.
85. We should protect our beautiful city created by their labor.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本题以学生参与的社会实践活动为文本，全部为细节理解题，侧重考查学生快速定位原文、提取关键信息的能力，文本贴近生活，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8