四、综合阅读 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，含动词时态语态变化和非谓语形式。
It is reported that some developed countries (1) (use) to ship broken parts of computers to China. Such a thing could be found every day although it was (2) the law. One month, Hong Kong customs officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.
Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. (3) (deal) with them is not an easy job because of the (4) (danger) poison (毒) like mercury and lead (汞和铅) in them. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usually buried (埋葬). It may be hundreds of years before they finally break down in the earth.
Many places in China have been polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them. This town was named (5) "the e-waste capital of the world". It had to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it made 75 million yuan. But it came at a cost. Much of the poison in e-waste found their way into the environment. Plastic was burned outdoors and chemical water was poured (6) rivers. Greenpeace, an environmental group, found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.
The Chinese government wants the country (7) (develop), but in a way the development shouldn't do (8) to the environment and people's life. Later, China made a new environment protection law, the strictest one we have had. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell were asked to take back their old computers. This was because the companies that made computers knew (9) (good) how to deal with them safely. (10) (hope), the problem with e-waste will be solved completely in the near future.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

(1) used
(2) against
(3) Dealing
(4) dangerous
(5) as
(6) into
(7) to develop
(8) harm
(9) well/best
(10) Hopefully

【分析】
拿到这道语法填空题，首先第一步先通读全文，明确文章主题是电子垃圾的处理相关内容，理清整体叙事逻辑。接下来分两类空格逐一推导：第一类是给出提示词的空格，先分析句子成分，判断空格需要的词性、时态/非谓语形式，再对提示词做正确变形；第二类是无提示词的空格，结合语境和常见固定搭配，判断需要填写的介词、名词等，确保每一步推导都符合语法规则和语义逻辑。
【解析】
1. 第1空：后文出现to ship，结合语境“一些发达国家过去常常运输电脑破损部件到中国”，固定结构used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事（现在已不做）”，因此填used。
2. 第2空：前文提到这类电子垃圾走私的事，语义为“尽管这是违法的”，固定搭配against the law表示“违反法律”，因此填against。
3. 第3空：空格处在句中作主语，动词原形不能直接作主语，需要变为动名词形式，同时句首首字母大写，因此填Dealing。
4. 第4空：空格后是名词poison（毒物），需要用形容词修饰名词，名词danger的形容词形式是dangerous，因此填dangerous。
5. 第5空：固定搭配be named as表示“被命名为、被称作”，句意为“这个城镇被称为世界电子垃圾之都”，因此填as。
6. 第6空：固定搭配pour into表示“倒入、灌入”，句意为“化学废水被倒进河里”，因此填into。
7. 第7空：固定结构want sth to do sth表示“想要某物做某事”，此处表示中国政府希望国家得到发展，因此填不定式to develop。
8. 第8空：固定搭配do harm to表示“对……造成伤害”，句意为“发展不能伤害环境和人们的生活”，因此填harm。
9. 第9空：空格修饰动词短语deal with，需要用副词，形容词good的副词形式是well，也可以用最高级best表示“最了解如何安全处理”，两个形式都符合语义，因此填well/best。
10. 第10空：空格放在句首修饰整个句子，需要用副词作状语，动词hope的副词形式是hopefully，句首首字母大写，因此填Hopefully。
【答案】
(1) used
(2) against
(3) Dealing
(4) dangerous
(5) as
(6) into
(7) to develop
(8) harm
(9) well/best
(10) Hopefully
【知识点】
非谓语动词，固定搭配，词性转换
【点评】
本题属于高中英语常规难度的语法填空题型，考点覆盖了动名词作主语、不定式固定结构、常见介词搭配、词性转换等核心基础语法点，话题贴合环保热点，既考察学生的语法基础掌握程度，也引导学生关注现实环境问题。只要学生能准确分析句子成分，熟记常见固定短语，就能顺利完成绝大多数空格。
【难度系数】
0.7