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二、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
One cannot discuss Chinese music without mentioning the guqin. It first appeared over 3,000 years ago and stands for China's solo musical instrument tradition.
It is said that at first, the guqin had only five strings, meaning the five elements（元素）of metal, wood, water, fire and earth. Later in the Zhou Dynasty, King Wen of Zhou added a sixth string for his son. King Wu of Zhou added a seventh string to encourage his army to fight against the Shang.
Ambience was important in playing the guqin. Usually, it was practised in a quiet setting and never for public performance. Ancient artists enjoyed performing by a stream in the mountains. The sound of the guqin mixed with the echoes（回音）from the mountains, until the musician felt he was at one with nature. Playing it in the snow was also an enjoyable activity for ancient artists, who believed the instrument was the purest of its kind in the world. Also, a night with moonlight was considered wonderful for playing the guqin. Wang Wei, a highly talented man of the Tang Dynasty, liked playing it in a bamboo forest on nights with moonlight most.
Guqin pieces are usually three to eight minutes long, with one of the longest being Guangling San, which is 23 minutes long. Other famous pieces include Three Variations on Plum Blossom, Wild Geese Landing on the Sandbank, and Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute.
The guqin and its music were added to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity（人类非物质文化遗产）in 2003.
（
A. Duke Huan of Qi.
B. Xiang Yu.
C. King Wu of Zhou.
D. King Wen of Zhou.
（
A. 演奏技巧
B. 环境氛围
C. 天气状况
D. 弹奏曲目
（
A. at a quiet restaurant
B. at a welcome party
C. on a dark night with a rainstorm
D. in a peaceful yard with flowers
（
A. Guangling San is one of the longest guqin pieces.
B. The guqin has a history of less than 3,000 years.
C. The strings mean metal, wood, water, fire and wind.
D. The guqin was added to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity 30 years ago.
（
A. The guqin and its players.
B. Four Chinese traditional arts.
C. The guqin and its music.
D. The development of guqin music.
阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
One cannot discuss Chinese music without mentioning the guqin. It first appeared over 3,000 years ago and stands for China's solo musical instrument tradition.
It is said that at first, the guqin had only five strings, meaning the five elements（元素）of metal, wood, water, fire and earth. Later in the Zhou Dynasty, King Wen of Zhou added a sixth string for his son. King Wu of Zhou added a seventh string to encourage his army to fight against the Shang.
Ambience was important in playing the guqin. Usually, it was practised in a quiet setting and never for public performance. Ancient artists enjoyed performing by a stream in the mountains. The sound of the guqin mixed with the echoes（回音）from the mountains, until the musician felt he was at one with nature. Playing it in the snow was also an enjoyable activity for ancient artists, who believed the instrument was the purest of its kind in the world. Also, a night with moonlight was considered wonderful for playing the guqin. Wang Wei, a highly talented man of the Tang Dynasty, liked playing it in a bamboo forest on nights with moonlight most.
Guqin pieces are usually three to eight minutes long, with one of the longest being Guangling San, which is 23 minutes long. Other famous pieces include Three Variations on Plum Blossom, Wild Geese Landing on the Sandbank, and Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute.
The guqin and its music were added to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity（人类非物质文化遗产）in 2003.
（
C
）1. Who added a seventh string to encourage his army to fight against the Shang?A. Duke Huan of Qi.
B. Xiang Yu.
C. King Wu of Zhou.
D. King Wen of Zhou.
（
B
）2. What's the meaning of the underlined word “Ambience” in Paragraph 3?A. 演奏技巧
B. 环境氛围
C. 天气状况
D. 弹奏曲目
（
D
）3. From the passage, we can know that playing the guqin is a right choice.A. at a quiet restaurant
B. at a welcome party
C. on a dark night with a rainstorm
D. in a peaceful yard with flowers
（
A
）4. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Guangling San is one of the longest guqin pieces.
B. The guqin has a history of less than 3,000 years.
C. The strings mean metal, wood, water, fire and wind.
D. The guqin was added to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity 30 years ago.
（
C
）5. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The guqin and its players.
B. Four Chinese traditional arts.
C. The guqin and its music.
D. The development of guqin music.
答案
1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C
解析
【分析】做此类英语阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握核心内容，再针对每道题的题干关键词，返回原文定位对应信息，结合选项逐一比对排除错误项，选出与原文相符的答案。具体来说：第1题抓“第七弦、鼓励军队伐商”定位原文；第2题结合后文演奏环境的描述猜测词义；第3题找原文提及的古琴演奏合适场景；第4题逐一核对选项与原文细节；第5题归纳全文主旨。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“King Wu of Zhou added a seventh string to encourage his army to fight against the Shang.”可知，周武王为鼓励军队伐商添加了第七根弦，对应选项C。
2. 词义猜测题：第三段后文提到古琴演奏常在安静环境、山里溪边、月夜等场景，说明“Ambience”指演奏的环境氛围，对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题：原文第三段指出古琴演奏需在安静环境，不适合公开表演。A选项“安静餐厅”不符合原文隐含的非公开要求；B选项“欢迎派对”是公开场合；C选项“暴雨黑夜”不符合；D选项“宁静院子”是安静环境，符合要求，选D。
4. 细节理解题：A选项对应第四段“one of the longest being Guangling San”，表述正确；B选项原文提到古琴“over 3,000 years ago”出现，历史超过3000年，错误；C选项原文指五元素为金、木、水、火、土，而非风，错误；D选项2003年列入非遗，距今不足30年，错误，选A。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕古琴的历史、弦的由来、演奏环境、曲目及列入非遗展开，核心是古琴及其音乐，对应选项C。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解题，以中国古琴为主题，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测、主旨归纳等基础考点，侧重考查学生的信息定位与理解能力，文本难度适中，只要仔细阅读原文即可准确作答。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“King Wu of Zhou added a seventh string to encourage his army to fight against the Shang.”可知，周武王为鼓励军队伐商添加了第七根弦，对应选项C。
2. 词义猜测题：第三段后文提到古琴演奏常在安静环境、山里溪边、月夜等场景，说明“Ambience”指演奏的环境氛围，对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题：原文第三段指出古琴演奏需在安静环境，不适合公开表演。A选项“安静餐厅”不符合原文隐含的非公开要求；B选项“欢迎派对”是公开场合；C选项“暴雨黑夜”不符合；D选项“宁静院子”是安静环境，符合要求，选D。
4. 细节理解题：A选项对应第四段“one of the longest being Guangling San”，表述正确；B选项原文提到古琴“over 3,000 years ago”出现，历史超过3000年，错误；C选项原文指五元素为金、木、水、火、土，而非风，错误；D选项2003年列入非遗，距今不足30年，错误，选A。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕古琴的历史、弦的由来、演奏环境、曲目及列入非遗展开，核心是古琴及其音乐，对应选项C。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解题，以中国古琴为主题，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测、主旨归纳等基础考点，侧重考查学生的信息定位与理解能力，文本难度适中，只要仔细阅读原文即可准确作答。
【难度系数】0.7
