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五、阅读理解。
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:历史的发展 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Every school day, we use schoolbags to carry all of our things. They are a big part of our lives. But have you ever thought about the history of the schoolbag?
In the Han Dynasty(汉朝), students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school. People consider the bamboo boxes to be the earliest schoolbags. There were usually two or three layers(层) in a box. Kids put different things like books, brushes, ink stones(砚) and paper in the boxes.
Hundreds of years later, people developed a new kind of schoolbag called budai. Budai was lighter than the bamboo box. With the founding(成立) of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks(军用帆布包) became popular. Many people carried them when they went to school. Ask your grandparents or parents about these bags. Maybe they can tell you about their experiences of carrying them when they were young.
A new kind of schoolbag has appeared in recent years. It has colourful and fashionable(时尚的) designs, such as pictures of cartoons or pop stars. And it is more comfortable to use. Some students pull wheeled bags filled with heavy textbooks and others carry backpacks.
Schoolbags are still changing. Can you imagine what future schoolbags will be like?
(
A. bamboo B. cloth C. plastic D. wood
(
A. Bamboo boxes. B. Military rucksacks. C. Backpacks. D. Wheeled bags.
(
A. Military rucksacks were popular in the 1950s.
B. There are some pictures on the new kind of schoolbag.
C. Budai was heavier than the bamboo box.
D. Schoolbags have changed a lot.
(
A. tell us how to use schoolbags
B. introduce the development of schoolbags
C. introduce the importance of schoolbags
D. explain why we use schoolbags
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:历史的发展 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Every school day, we use schoolbags to carry all of our things. They are a big part of our lives. But have you ever thought about the history of the schoolbag?
In the Han Dynasty(汉朝), students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school. People consider the bamboo boxes to be the earliest schoolbags. There were usually two or three layers(层) in a box. Kids put different things like books, brushes, ink stones(砚) and paper in the boxes.
Hundreds of years later, people developed a new kind of schoolbag called budai. Budai was lighter than the bamboo box. With the founding(成立) of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks(军用帆布包) became popular. Many people carried them when they went to school. Ask your grandparents or parents about these bags. Maybe they can tell you about their experiences of carrying them when they were young.
A new kind of schoolbag has appeared in recent years. It has colourful and fashionable(时尚的) designs, such as pictures of cartoons or pop stars. And it is more comfortable to use. Some students pull wheeled bags filled with heavy textbooks and others carry backpacks.
Schoolbags are still changing. Can you imagine what future schoolbags will be like?
(
A
)1. Schoolbags in the Han Dynasty were made of .A. bamboo B. cloth C. plastic D. wood
(
B
)2. What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Bamboo boxes. B. Military rucksacks. C. Backpacks. D. Wheeled bags.
(
C
)3. Which is not true according to the passage?A. Military rucksacks were popular in the 1950s.
B. There are some pictures on the new kind of schoolbag.
C. Budai was heavier than the bamboo box.
D. Schoolbags have changed a lot.
(
B
)4. The purpose of the passage is to .A. tell us how to use schoolbags
B. introduce the development of schoolbags
C. introduce the importance of schoolbags
D. explain why we use schoolbags
答案
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. B
2. B
3. C
4. B
解析
【分析】
做此类阅读理解题，需先通读语篇把握主旨，再针对各小题定位原文对应信息：1. 细节理解题，定位汉朝书包的材料；2. 代词指代题，结合上下文找前文提及的名词；3. 正误判断题，逐一核对选项与原文表述；4. 主旨大意题，梳理全文核心内容确定写作目的。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段“In the Han Dynasty...used bamboo boxes to carry books to school”可知，汉朝学生用竹盒当书包，材料为竹子，故选A。
2. 代词指代题：第三段前文提到“military rucksacks became popular”，此处“them”指代前文的“military rucksacks”，故选B。
3. 正误判断题：A项，新中国成立于1949年（20世纪50年代），原文提到军用帆布包在建国后流行，表述正确；B项，第四段提到新型书包有卡通等时尚设计，表述正确；C项，原文第三段明确“Budai was lighter than the bamboo box”，选项表述相反，错误；D项，全文围绕书包发展展开，可知书包变化大，表述正确，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题：全文按时间顺序介绍了从汉朝到现代书包的发展历程，写作目的是介绍书包的发展，故选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本文为历史文化主题的说明文，题型覆盖细节查找、代词指代、正误判断和主旨归纳，难度适中，重点考查学生快速定位原文信息、理解语篇逻辑及归纳主旨的能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
做此类阅读理解题，需先通读语篇把握主旨，再针对各小题定位原文对应信息：1. 细节理解题，定位汉朝书包的材料；2. 代词指代题，结合上下文找前文提及的名词；3. 正误判断题，逐一核对选项与原文表述；4. 主旨大意题，梳理全文核心内容确定写作目的。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段“In the Han Dynasty...used bamboo boxes to carry books to school”可知，汉朝学生用竹盒当书包，材料为竹子，故选A。
2. 代词指代题：第三段前文提到“military rucksacks became popular”，此处“them”指代前文的“military rucksacks”，故选B。
3. 正误判断题：A项，新中国成立于1949年（20世纪50年代），原文提到军用帆布包在建国后流行，表述正确；B项，第四段提到新型书包有卡通等时尚设计，表述正确；C项，原文第三段明确“Budai was lighter than the bamboo box”，选项表述相反，错误；D项，全文围绕书包发展展开，可知书包变化大，表述正确，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题：全文按时间顺序介绍了从汉朝到现代书包的发展历程，写作目的是介绍书包的发展，故选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本文为历史文化主题的说明文，题型覆盖细节查找、代词指代、正误判断和主旨归纳，难度适中，重点考查学生快速定位原文信息、理解语篇逻辑及归纳主旨的能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
