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六、阅读理解
(2024 扬州江都期末)As we all know, activities like listening to the birds or taking a walk in the park are good for our health. But someone thinks birdwatching is often boring.
In fact, a study published in 2024 shows that even half an hour of birdwatching could make us happier, healthier and help us get close to nature. Even hearing birds indoors through an open window can change our bad feelings. The study also shows that it is better to watch birds than to take a walk.
So why is birdwatching so good for us? Biophilia could be a big part of it. It means that humans have a good relationship with nature—some would think that we should see ourselves as part of nature—so being in nature makes us feel well. But biodiversity is important too. The study shows that biodiversity is a natural medicine for humans that can help us relax and do more activities.
Another reason is that after being careful to do birdwatching, we can get happiness and know a lot about birds. The study also shows that noticing wildlife in nature can make us get closer to nature and learn more about it. So birdwatching can make us feel happy.
So, take your binoculars and walk into nature for birdwatching to help you relax and be happy. Enjoy every moment and have fun.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. It is better to take a walk than to watch birds in nature.
B. Even keeping the door open can make us happy again.
C. Birdwatching can be helpful to us and make us happier.
D. Taking a walk for one hour can help us watch birds.
2. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to
A. why Biophilia is helpful to us
B. why biodiversity is so important
C. why we are part of nature
D. why birdwatching is good for us
3. What is the correct structure of the article?
A. ①→②→③④→⑤
B. ①→②③④→⑤
C. ①②→③→④⑤
D. ①②③→④→⑤
4. What is the best title of the article?
A. Take a walk and be happy!
B. Go birdwatching and have fun!
C. Watch birds and protect nature.
D. Walk into nature and find birds!
(2024 扬州江都期末)As we all know, activities like listening to the birds or taking a walk in the park are good for our health. But someone thinks birdwatching is often boring.
In fact, a study published in 2024 shows that even half an hour of birdwatching could make us happier, healthier and help us get close to nature. Even hearing birds indoors through an open window can change our bad feelings. The study also shows that it is better to watch birds than to take a walk.
So why is birdwatching so good for us? Biophilia could be a big part of it. It means that humans have a good relationship with nature—some would think that we should see ourselves as part of nature—so being in nature makes us feel well. But biodiversity is important too. The study shows that biodiversity is a natural medicine for humans that can help us relax and do more activities.
Another reason is that after being careful to do birdwatching, we can get happiness and know a lot about birds. The study also shows that noticing wildlife in nature can make us get closer to nature and learn more about it. So birdwatching can make us feel happy.
So, take your binoculars and walk into nature for birdwatching to help you relax and be happy. Enjoy every moment and have fun.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. It is better to take a walk than to watch birds in nature.
B. Even keeping the door open can make us happy again.
C. Birdwatching can be helpful to us and make us happier.
D. Taking a walk for one hour can help us watch birds.
2. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to
D
.A. why Biophilia is helpful to us
B. why biodiversity is so important
C. why we are part of nature
D. why birdwatching is good for us
3. What is the correct structure of the article?
A. ①→②→③④→⑤
B. ①→②③④→⑤
C. ①②→③→④⑤
D. ①②③→④→⑤
4. What is the best title of the article?
A. Take a walk and be happy!
B. Go birdwatching and have fun!
C. Watch birds and protect nature.
D. Walk into nature and find birds!
答案
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了观鸟对我们
的好处。
1. C 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段中"In
fact, a study published in 2024 shows that even
half an hour of birdwatching could make us
happier, healthier and help us get close to
nature."可知,观鸟对我们有帮助,可以让我
们更快乐。
2. D 提示:代词指代题。根据第三段中"So
why is birdwatching so good for us? Biophilia
could be a big part of it."可知,观鸟对我们有
好处可能是因为亲生命性,所以画线部分指
代的是"why birdwatching is so good for us"。
3. A 提示:篇章结构题。通读全文可知,第一
段介绍观鸟或散步对我们的健康有好处,但
有人认为观鸟很无聊;第二段介绍观鸟对我
们有好处,能让我们更快乐;第三段和第四段
介绍观鸟对我们有好处的原因;最后一段总
结全文并呼吁我们去观鸟。
4. B 提示:最佳标题题。通读全文可知,文章
主要介绍了观鸟对我们的好处,并呼吁人们
去观鸟。
的好处。
1. C 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段中"In
fact, a study published in 2024 shows that even
half an hour of birdwatching could make us
happier, healthier and help us get close to
nature."可知,观鸟对我们有帮助,可以让我
们更快乐。
2. D 提示:代词指代题。根据第三段中"So
why is birdwatching so good for us? Biophilia
could be a big part of it."可知,观鸟对我们有
好处可能是因为亲生命性,所以画线部分指
代的是"why birdwatching is so good for us"。
3. A 提示:篇章结构题。通读全文可知,第一
段介绍观鸟或散步对我们的健康有好处,但
有人认为观鸟很无聊;第二段介绍观鸟对我
们有好处,能让我们更快乐;第三段和第四段
介绍观鸟对我们有好处的原因;最后一段总
结全文并呼吁我们去观鸟。
4. B 提示:最佳标题题。通读全文可知,文章
主要介绍了观鸟对我们的好处,并呼吁人们
去观鸟。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是细节理解题，解题思路为先定位到第二段，找到核心表述，再逐一比对选项，排除与原文不符的内容，锁定符合原文信息的答案。
2. 第2题是代词指代题，需联系画线词的上下文语境，前文提出了“为什么观鸟对我们有好处”的问题，后文围绕该问题展开解释，由此判断“it”的指代内容。
3. 第3题是篇章结构题，需梳理每段核心内容：第①段引出话题，提及有人认为观鸟无聊；第②段通过研究说明观鸟的益处；第③④段分析观鸟有益的原因；第⑤段总结并呼吁人们去观鸟，据此划分文章结构。
4. 第4题是最佳标题题，要抓住文章主旨——观鸟对我们的好处，结合结尾的呼吁，选择能精准概括全文核心的标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact, a study published in 2024 shows that even half an hour of birdwatching could make us happier, healthier and help us get close to nature.”可知，观鸟对我们有帮助，能让我们更快乐。A选项与原文“it is better to watch birds than to take a walk”不符；B选项原文是“hearing birds indoors through an open window can change our bad feelings”，并非开门就能让人开心；D选项文中未提及，故选C。
2. 第2题：代词指代题。根据第三段开头“So why is birdwatching so good for us? Biophilia could be a big part of it.”可知，前文提出了观鸟为何有益的问题，“it”指代的就是这个问题，即“why birdwatching is so good for us”，故选D。
3. 第3题：篇章结构题。第①段引出话题，指出有人认为观鸟无聊；第②段通过研究表明观鸟的好处；第③④段分别从亲生命性和观鸟带来的收获两方面分析观鸟有益的原因；第⑤段总结并呼吁人们去观鸟。因此文章结构为①→②→③④→⑤，故选A。
4. 第4题：最佳标题题。全文围绕观鸟的好处展开，最后呼吁大家去观鸟享受乐趣。A选项侧重散步，偏离主旨；C选项提到保护自然，文中未涉及；D选项侧重找鸟，不是核心内容；B选项“Go birdwatching and have fun!”既点明主题又呼应结尾呼吁，故选B。
【答案】
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
【知识点】
细节理解题、代词指代题、篇章结构题
【点评】
本文围绕“观鸟对人类的益处”展开，通过研究结果和原因分析，呼吁人们走进自然观鸟。题目涵盖阅读理解常见题型，考查学生提取细节、理解指代、梳理篇章结构及把握主旨的能力，有助于提升学生的综合阅读素养。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是细节理解题，解题思路为先定位到第二段，找到核心表述，再逐一比对选项，排除与原文不符的内容，锁定符合原文信息的答案。
2. 第2题是代词指代题，需联系画线词的上下文语境，前文提出了“为什么观鸟对我们有好处”的问题，后文围绕该问题展开解释，由此判断“it”的指代内容。
3. 第3题是篇章结构题，需梳理每段核心内容：第①段引出话题，提及有人认为观鸟无聊；第②段通过研究说明观鸟的益处；第③④段分析观鸟有益的原因；第⑤段总结并呼吁人们去观鸟，据此划分文章结构。
4. 第4题是最佳标题题，要抓住文章主旨——观鸟对我们的好处，结合结尾的呼吁，选择能精准概括全文核心的标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact, a study published in 2024 shows that even half an hour of birdwatching could make us happier, healthier and help us get close to nature.”可知，观鸟对我们有帮助，能让我们更快乐。A选项与原文“it is better to watch birds than to take a walk”不符；B选项原文是“hearing birds indoors through an open window can change our bad feelings”，并非开门就能让人开心；D选项文中未提及，故选C。
2. 第2题：代词指代题。根据第三段开头“So why is birdwatching so good for us? Biophilia could be a big part of it.”可知，前文提出了观鸟为何有益的问题，“it”指代的就是这个问题，即“why birdwatching is so good for us”，故选D。
3. 第3题：篇章结构题。第①段引出话题，指出有人认为观鸟无聊；第②段通过研究表明观鸟的好处；第③④段分别从亲生命性和观鸟带来的收获两方面分析观鸟有益的原因；第⑤段总结并呼吁人们去观鸟。因此文章结构为①→②→③④→⑤，故选A。
4. 第4题：最佳标题题。全文围绕观鸟的好处展开，最后呼吁大家去观鸟享受乐趣。A选项侧重散步，偏离主旨；C选项提到保护自然，文中未涉及；D选项侧重找鸟，不是核心内容；B选项“Go birdwatching and have fun!”既点明主题又呼应结尾呼吁，故选B。
【答案】
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
【知识点】
细节理解题、代词指代题、篇章结构题
【点评】
本文围绕“观鸟对人类的益处”展开，通过研究结果和原因分析，呼吁人们走进自然观鸟。题目涵盖阅读理解常见题型，考查学生提取细节、理解指代、梳理篇章结构及把握主旨的能力，有助于提升学生的综合阅读素养。
【难度系数】
0.6
七、任务型阅读(每空一词)
About 500 years ago in China, there was a famous traveller. He spent 30 years travelling across China. He was Xu Xiake. Almost everyone knows his name.
Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu Province. When he was a child, Xu showed great interest in reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. He would like to see them when he grew up.
At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials. But Xu's father never made him take exams. Instead, he encouraged his son to go out and get to know the world. Xu began his journey when he was about 20. Before he left, his mother made him a travelling hat to encourage him to travel.
Xu travelled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and visited over 350 caves. He was the first person to find the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves. What's more, he found the Yangtze River's headwater. All of these findings were very important. Xu travelled mainly on foot. He slept and ate in the nature. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But Xu wasn't afraid and he enjoyed his journey.
Xu kept diaries when travelling. They were edited into Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake. But it was not printed before his death. The book is still popular today.
Being a traveller and an explorer can be very exciting. But it also takes bravery and skills. Do you want to be one like Xu Xiake?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
About 500 years ago in China, there was a famous traveller. He spent 30 years travelling across China. He was Xu Xiake. Almost everyone knows his name.
Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu Province. When he was a child, Xu showed great interest in reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. He would like to see them when he grew up.
At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials. But Xu's father never made him take exams. Instead, he encouraged his son to go out and get to know the world. Xu began his journey when he was about 20. Before he left, his mother made him a travelling hat to encourage him to travel.
Xu travelled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and visited over 350 caves. He was the first person to find the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves. What's more, he found the Yangtze River's headwater. All of these findings were very important. Xu travelled mainly on foot. He slept and ate in the nature. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But Xu wasn't afraid and he enjoyed his journey.
Xu kept diaries when travelling. They were edited into Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake. But it was not printed before his death. The book is still popular today.
Being a traveller and an explorer can be very exciting. But it also takes bravery and skills. Do you want to be one like Xu Xiake?
1.
famous
2.
hundred
3.
interested
4.
parents
5.
important
6.
walked
7.
brave
8.
book
9.
after
10.
without
答案
【语篇导读】本文介绍了徐霞客。
1. famous 2. hundred 3. interested
4. parents 5. important 6. walked
7. brave 8. book 9. after 10. without
1. famous 2. hundred 3. interested
4. parents 5. important 6. walked
7. brave 8. book 9. after 10. without
解析
【分析】
首先，我们需要通读全文，明确文章是围绕明代著名旅行家徐霞客的生平、旅行经历、成就及相关著作展开的介绍。解题时，要针对每个空的位置，结合上下文语境，从原文中寻找对应的关键信息，同时注意词性转换、固定短语搭配以及语义的逻辑衔接：
1. 第一空需填描述徐霞客身份的形容词，从第一段首句可找到对应词汇；
2. 第二空对应文中的时间表述，需转换为符合填空要求的数词相关词汇；
3. 第三空结合“showed great interest in”的语义，转换为固定搭配“be interested in”中的形容词形式；
4. 第四空需概括支持徐霞客旅行的家人，从第三段父亲和母亲的行为可得出答案；
5. 第五空对应徐霞客发现的重要性，直接提取原文形容词；
6. 第六空将“on foot”转换为动词形式；
7. 第七空将原文的名词“bravery”转换为形容词形式；
8. 第八空对应徐霞客的游记著作，提取相关名词；
9. 第九空结合“not printed before his death”的语义，转换为“after his death”的介词；
10. 第十空结合徐霞客不参加科举的内容，用介词表示“没有”的含义。
【解析】
1. 根据第一段“About 500 years ago in China, there was a famous traveller. He was Xu Xiake.”可知，徐霞客是著名的旅行家，故填famous。
2. 第一段“About 500 years ago”即five hundred years ago，此处填hundred。
3. 根据第二段“When he was a child, Xu showed great interest in reading books...”，“show great interest in”等同于“be interested in”，故填interested。
4. 第三段提到徐霞客的父亲不强迫他考试，母亲为他做旅行帽鼓励他，可知是他的父母支持他，故填parents。
5. 第四段“All of these findings were very important.”直接表明他的发现很重要，故填important。
6. 第四段“Xu travelled mainly on foot.”中“on foot”表示步行，转换为动词形式walked，故填walked。
7. 最后一段“But it also takes bravery.”中bravery是名词，此处需要形容词形式brave，故填brave。
8. 第五段“They were edited into Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake.”指的是这本游记著作，故填book。
9. 第五段“But it was not printed before his death.”说明在他去世后才被印刷，故填after。
10. 第三段“At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials. But Xu's father never made him take exams.”说明徐霞客没有参加考试，故填without。
【答案】
1. famous 2. hundred 3. interested 4. parents 5. important 6. walked 7. brave 8. book 9. after 10. without
【知识点】
1. 词义转换 2. 固定短语搭配 3. 上下文语境推理
【点评】
本文围绕徐霞客的生平与成就展开，任务型阅读考查学生对原文信息的提取能力、词性转换能力以及固定搭配的运用能力。解题时需紧密结合原文语境，精准定位关键信息，同时注意词汇形式的合理转换，有助于提升学生的语篇理解和信息整合能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先，我们需要通读全文，明确文章是围绕明代著名旅行家徐霞客的生平、旅行经历、成就及相关著作展开的介绍。解题时，要针对每个空的位置，结合上下文语境，从原文中寻找对应的关键信息，同时注意词性转换、固定短语搭配以及语义的逻辑衔接：
1. 第一空需填描述徐霞客身份的形容词，从第一段首句可找到对应词汇；
2. 第二空对应文中的时间表述，需转换为符合填空要求的数词相关词汇；
3. 第三空结合“showed great interest in”的语义，转换为固定搭配“be interested in”中的形容词形式；
4. 第四空需概括支持徐霞客旅行的家人，从第三段父亲和母亲的行为可得出答案；
5. 第五空对应徐霞客发现的重要性，直接提取原文形容词；
6. 第六空将“on foot”转换为动词形式；
7. 第七空将原文的名词“bravery”转换为形容词形式；
8. 第八空对应徐霞客的游记著作，提取相关名词；
9. 第九空结合“not printed before his death”的语义，转换为“after his death”的介词；
10. 第十空结合徐霞客不参加科举的内容，用介词表示“没有”的含义。
【解析】
1. 根据第一段“About 500 years ago in China, there was a famous traveller. He was Xu Xiake.”可知，徐霞客是著名的旅行家，故填famous。
2. 第一段“About 500 years ago”即five hundred years ago，此处填hundred。
3. 根据第二段“When he was a child, Xu showed great interest in reading books...”，“show great interest in”等同于“be interested in”，故填interested。
4. 第三段提到徐霞客的父亲不强迫他考试，母亲为他做旅行帽鼓励他，可知是他的父母支持他，故填parents。
5. 第四段“All of these findings were very important.”直接表明他的发现很重要，故填important。
6. 第四段“Xu travelled mainly on foot.”中“on foot”表示步行，转换为动词形式walked，故填walked。
7. 最后一段“But it also takes bravery.”中bravery是名词，此处需要形容词形式brave，故填brave。
8. 第五段“They were edited into Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake.”指的是这本游记著作，故填book。
9. 第五段“But it was not printed before his death.”说明在他去世后才被印刷，故填after。
10. 第三段“At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials. But Xu's father never made him take exams.”说明徐霞客没有参加考试，故填without。
【答案】
1. famous 2. hundred 3. interested 4. parents 5. important 6. walked 7. brave 8. book 9. after 10. without
【知识点】
1. 词义转换 2. 固定短语搭配 3. 上下文语境推理
【点评】
本文围绕徐霞客的生平与成就展开，任务型阅读考查学生对原文信息的提取能力、词性转换能力以及固定搭配的运用能力。解题时需紧密结合原文语境，精准定位关键信息，同时注意词汇形式的合理转换，有助于提升学生的语篇理解和信息整合能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
