四、词汇运用(每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
根据句子意思,用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。(每空一词)
46. The education I have received is (有影响力的) in forming my character.
47. It was all done in a rage at that moment and I have (无疑) learnt a lot from my mistake.
48. I'm writing this letter to express our gratitude to you for we have all (获益) from the lecture you gave last week.
49. My new apartment is very (方便的) because it's only a five-minute walk to the subway station.
50. He talked about his (观点) on this question, and finally most people agreed with him.
51. My friends and I screamed with (excite) when we heard we won the award.
52. The policeman says that the two events are (close) connected.
53. We have prepared for the school sports (compete) for nearly a month.
54. Lei Feng has been (die) for many years, but he is still remembered by a lot of people.
55. With the development of AI, many students are used to (choose) AI study tools to help with study matters.

46. influential 47. certainly 48. benefitted
49. convenient 50. opinion(s) 51. excitement
52. closely 53. competition 54. dead 55. choosing

【分析】
这是英语词汇运用类题型，解题可以分两类思路推进：1. 给出中文提示的题目：先分析句子结构，判断空格所需的词性（作表语用形容词、修饰动词用副词、现在完成时用过去分词等），再匹配对应中文的正确英文拼写，注意符合时态/搭配要求；2. 给出英文提示词的题目：先根据空格前后的成分判定所需词性，再结合固定搭配、时态规则、非延续性动词转换等要求对提示词做正确变形，最终确保每空符合句意和语法规则。
【解析】
46. 空格位于系动词is后作表语，需填入形容词，对应中文“有影响力的”，答案为influential。
47. 空格用于修饰动词learnt，需填入副词，对应中文“无疑”，答案为certainly。
48. 句子为现在完成时，助动词have后需接动词过去分词，对应中文“获益”，benefit的过去分词为benefitted，答案为benefitted。
49. 空格位于系动词is后作表语，需填入形容词，对应中文“方便的”，答案为convenient。
50. 空格前为形容词性物主代词his，需填入名词，对应中文“观点”，可表示单个观点也可表示多个观点，opinion单复数均可，答案为opinion(s)。
51. 固定搭配with excitement意为“兴奋地”，介词with后需接名词，提示词excite的名词形式为excitement，答案为excitement。
52. 空格用于修饰形容词connected，需填入副词，提示词close的副词形式为closely，答案为closely。
53. 空格处为固定表达school sports competition（学校运动会），需将动词compete变为名词形式，答案为competition。
54. 句中时间状语for many years表延续状态，需用形容词作表语，将瞬间动词die变为表状态的形容词dead，答案为dead。
55. 固定搭配be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”，此处to为介词，后接动名词，提示词choose的动名词形式为choosing，答案为choosing。
【答案】
46. influential 47. certainly 48. benefitted
49. convenient 50. opinion(s) 51. excitement
52. closely 53. competition 54. dead 55. choosing
【知识点】
词性转换，固定搭配，现在完成时
【点评】
本题是初中英语典型的基础词汇考查题型，考点覆盖形容词、副词、名词等常见词性变形，以及现在完成时延续性用法、be used to固定搭配等核心语法点，既考查学生的中文词汇识记能力，也要求学生具备基础的句子成分分析能力，整体考点贴合课标要求，能够有效检验学生的词汇综合运用水平。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、阅读表达(每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)
阅读短文,回答下面 5 个问题。(每题答案不超过 10 个词)
Space tourism is space travel for leisure(休闲) purposes. What was once only a dream—described in books such as Arthur C. Clarke's *2001: A Space Odyssey*—is now becoming a reality.
Futurists are scientists who try to predict(预测) what life will be like in the future. After the first man landed on the moon in 1969, they thought that hotels would be built on the moon by the year 2000. Futurists also considered the possibility that, in the 21st century, families might go for a holiday on the moon. Neither of these predictions has come true yet—but the rapid development of technology may mean these predictions are a possibility in the years to come.
Space Adventures was once the only company to send people into space. Space Adventures worked with the Federal Space Agency of the Russian Federation and Rocket and Space Corporation Energia to offer flights to the world's first private space explorers. Each person paid over $20 million for their 10-day trip to the International Space Station.Following several successful trips into space, more companies are now thinking about the possibility of sending tourists into space. In order to make it cheaper, suborbital(亚轨道的) space travel is a choice for many companies, including Virgin Galactic. Passengers would go to a height of between 100 and 160 km above earth, experience 3—6 minutes of weightlessness and a view of the stars, and then come back down to earth. This costs about $200,000 per person.
While it could be an amazing experience, there are some problems with space tourism. Many people believe that it could make global warming worse and it is not good for the ozone layer(臭氧层). What's more, space travel is only really for the rich people. There are still millions of people worldwide who can't pay for it.
56. Which book describes space tourism?

57. When did the first man land on the moon?

58. Which company can send people into space according to the passage?

59. What can people do with suborbital space travel? (list 1 amazing experience)

60. What is your opinion on space travel?

56. 2001: A Space Odyssey.
57. In 1969.
58. Space Adventures.
59. Experience 3 - 6 minutes of weightlessness./Enjoy a view of the stars.
60. I think space travel will be difficult to popularize.(答案不唯一)

【分析】
这是限定答案字数的阅读表达题，解题思路清晰：首先通读题干明确每个问题的设问方向，再带着问题回到原文精准定位对应段落，提取符合要求的核心信息，注意所有答案都要控制在10词以内：1.第56题直接定位第一段提到的相关书籍名称即可；2.第57题定位第二段登月相关的时间表述；3.第58题定位第三段提到的可送人进入太空的公司名称；4.第59题定位第四段亚轨道旅行的相关体验描述，任选一项作答即可；5.第60题为开放题，结合文末提到的太空旅行现存的问题给出合理观点即可，无需脱离文意随意发挥。
【解析】
56. 从第一段原文"described in books such as Arthur C. Clarke's *2001: A Space Odyssey*"可直接提取对应的书籍名称，符合字数要求。
57. 从第二段原文"After the first man landed on the moon in 1969"可直接提取登月的时间信息，表述简洁合规。
58. 从第三段原文"Space Adventures was once the only company to send people into space"可直接提取对应的公司名称。
59. 从第四段原文"experience 3—6 minutes of weightlessness and a view of the stars"任选其中一项体验作答，字数均不超过10词，符合要求。
60. 开放性设问，结合文中提到的太空旅行成本高、易加剧污染等问题，给出逻辑通顺、符合文意的观点即可，答案不唯一。
【答案】
56. 2001: A Space Odyssey.
57. In 1969.
58. Space Adventures.
59. Experience 3 - 6 minutes of weightlessness./Enjoy a view of the stars.
60. I think space travel will be difficult to popularize.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位；阅读表达信息提炼；开放性观点表述
【点评】
本题整体难度较低，绝大多数小题的答案都可以直接从原文中定位获取，设置的10词以内的作答要求，能够有效锻炼学生筛选核心信息、剔除冗余内容的能力，最后一道开放题引导学生结合文本内容辩证看待太空旅游的发展现状，兼具知识性和思辨性。
【难度系数】
0.8