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任务1 阅读理解
On a cold day in winter, a 13-year-old boy, living in Qinghai Province, was heading down a mountaintop with his family. Suddenly, they saw two snow leopards(雪豹) near the Lancang River. "I see them for the first time. They look so cool!" he said.
Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered.
Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there. In these years, the number of wild animals has been increasing. More than 70,000 Tibetan antelopes(藏羚羊) live there now. And over 1,000 snow leopards can be found in the area. It's higher than the average number around the world.
The local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to protect the environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. They still live on selling caterpillar fungus(冬虫夏草) they've found in grasslands. In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realised they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands. People also take their plastic bags and food waste down the mountain after eating. The local environment has taken on a new look. Many young people there said, "We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful."
1. What can we know from Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2?
A. Snow leopards are in danger.
B. A boy raised two snow leopards at home.
C. Two snow leopards first appeared near the Yellow River.
D. The grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan have disappeared.
2. Why did China build Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve?
A. To develop the local tourist industry.
B. To improve the natural environment.
C. To provide a home for more people.
D. To find the source of three rivers.
3. The local people in Sanjiangyuan have changed their way of
A. making a living
B. crossing the grasslands
C. carrying food with them
D. dealing with waste
4. What does the underlined word "harmony" mean in Chinese?
A. 智慧
B. 和谐
C. 伤害
D. 忠诚
5. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The local people won't sell caterpillar fungus any more.
B. Many young people choose to leave Sanjiangyuan.
C. The future of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve will be better and better.
D. The number of Tibetan antelopes in Sanjiangyuan is the smallest.
On a cold day in winter, a 13-year-old boy, living in Qinghai Province, was heading down a mountaintop with his family. Suddenly, they saw two snow leopards(雪豹) near the Lancang River. "I see them for the first time. They look so cool!" he said.
Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered.
Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there. In these years, the number of wild animals has been increasing. More than 70,000 Tibetan antelopes(藏羚羊) live there now. And over 1,000 snow leopards can be found in the area. It's higher than the average number around the world.
The local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to protect the environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. They still live on selling caterpillar fungus(冬虫夏草) they've found in grasslands. In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realised they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands. People also take their plastic bags and food waste down the mountain after eating. The local environment has taken on a new look. Many young people there said, "We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful."
1. What can we know from Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2?
A. Snow leopards are in danger.
B. A boy raised two snow leopards at home.
C. Two snow leopards first appeared near the Yellow River.
D. The grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan have disappeared.
2. Why did China build Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve?
A. To develop the local tourist industry.
B. To improve the natural environment.
C. To provide a home for more people.
D. To find the source of three rivers.
3. The local people in Sanjiangyuan have changed their way of
D
.A. making a living
B. crossing the grasslands
C. carrying food with them
D. dealing with waste
4. What does the underlined word "harmony" mean in Chinese?
A. 智慧
B. 和谐
C. 伤害
D. 忠诚
5. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The local people won't sell caterpillar fungus any more.
B. Many young people choose to leave Sanjiangyuan.
C. The future of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve will be better and better.
D. The number of Tibetan antelopes in Sanjiangyuan is the smallest.
答案
1. A [解析]推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered."可知,气候的变化使雪豹的数量减少,处于危险中。故选 A。
2. B [解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there."可知,中国建立三江源自然保护区是为了改善自然环境,保护野生动物。故选 B。
3. D [解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realised they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands."可知,过去人们把食物装在塑料袋里随身携带,把塑料袋和食物垃圾扔得到处都是。但是现在他们经常在草原上捡垃圾。因此他们改变了处理垃圾的方式。故选 D。
4. B [解析]词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的"But now the local people have realised they should live together with nature in harmony."和"We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful."可知,当地人意识到他们应该与自然和谐共处,因此 harmony 意为"和谐"。故选 B。
5. C [解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful."可知,人们会继续采取措施保护环境,因此三江源自然保护区的未来会更好。故选 C。
2. B [解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there."可知,中国建立三江源自然保护区是为了改善自然环境,保护野生动物。故选 B。
3. D [解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realised they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands."可知,过去人们把食物装在塑料袋里随身携带,把塑料袋和食物垃圾扔得到处都是。但是现在他们经常在草原上捡垃圾。因此他们改变了处理垃圾的方式。故选 D。
4. B [解析]词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的"But now the local people have realised they should live together with nature in harmony."和"We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful."可知,当地人意识到他们应该与自然和谐共处,因此 harmony 意为"和谐"。故选 B。
5. C [解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful."可知,人们会继续采取措施保护环境,因此三江源自然保护区的未来会更好。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先可以先浏览所有题干，明确每道题的定位范围：第1题指定了第1、2段，我们回到这两段逐一比对选项，排除和原文表述不符的错误选项；第2题询问建立三江源自然保护区的原因，直接定位第三段开头的目的描述即可找到答案；第3题需要对比最后一段中当地人过去和现在的行为差异，匹配对应的选项；第4题词义猜测题要结合上下文“和自然共处、守护家园变美”的语境推导词义；第5题推理判断题要排除原文明确表述错误的选项，选出符合逻辑的合理推断内容。
【解析】
1. 逐一核对选项：B选项文中没有提到男孩饲养雪豹，表述错误；C选项原文是雪豹出现在澜沧江附近，并非黄河，也不是首次出现，表述错误；D选项原文说明草原和湖泊面积缩小，并非完全消失，表述错误；根据第二段最后一句“Snow leopards are endangered.”可知雪豹处于濒危状态，也就是处境危险，A选项表述正确。
2. 根据第三段原文“China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there.”可知建立保护区是为了保护区域和当地野生动物，本质是改善自然环境，A发展旅游、C给人提供家园、D寻找三江源头都不符合原文表述，B选项正确。
3. 根据最后一段内容，过去当地人会随手丢弃塑料袋和食物垃圾，现在会主动捡拾草原垃圾、把垃圾带下山，可见他们改变的是处理垃圾的方式：A选项当地人依然靠挖冬虫夏草谋生，谋生方式没有改变，B穿越草原、C携带食物的方式都不是文中提到的改变内容，D选项正确。
4. 后文提到当地人主动捡拾垃圾、守护家园让环境变美，说明他们意识到要和自然友好共处，“live together with nature in harmony”就是和自然和谐共处的含义，所以harmony的中文意思是和谐，选B。
5. 逐一排除错误选项：A选项文中提到当地人依然靠卖冬虫夏草为生，不会不再售卖，表述错误；B选项文中提到当地年轻人要守护家园，没有说要离开，表述错误；D选项文中提到藏羚羊数量超过7万，没有说数量是最小的，表述错误；根据最后一句年轻人说会继续守护家园让它更美丽，可以推断出三江源自然保护区的未来会越来越好，C选项正确。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. C
【知识点】
细节理解题，词义猜测题，推理判断题
【点评】
本篇属于生态环保主题的记叙文类阅读理解，贴合当下的生态保护热点，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读最核心的三类题型，大部分题目都可以通过精准定位原文内容直接得到答案，整体难度梯度平缓，能够有效帮助学生巩固阅读定位解题的技巧，同时引导学生树立生态保护的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这篇阅读理解时，首先可以先浏览所有题干，明确每道题的定位范围：第1题指定了第1、2段，我们回到这两段逐一比对选项，排除和原文表述不符的错误选项；第2题询问建立三江源自然保护区的原因，直接定位第三段开头的目的描述即可找到答案；第3题需要对比最后一段中当地人过去和现在的行为差异，匹配对应的选项；第4题词义猜测题要结合上下文“和自然共处、守护家园变美”的语境推导词义；第5题推理判断题要排除原文明确表述错误的选项，选出符合逻辑的合理推断内容。
【解析】
1. 逐一核对选项：B选项文中没有提到男孩饲养雪豹，表述错误；C选项原文是雪豹出现在澜沧江附近，并非黄河，也不是首次出现，表述错误；D选项原文说明草原和湖泊面积缩小，并非完全消失，表述错误；根据第二段最后一句“Snow leopards are endangered.”可知雪豹处于濒危状态，也就是处境危险，A选项表述正确。
2. 根据第三段原文“China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there.”可知建立保护区是为了保护区域和当地野生动物，本质是改善自然环境，A发展旅游、C给人提供家园、D寻找三江源头都不符合原文表述，B选项正确。
3. 根据最后一段内容，过去当地人会随手丢弃塑料袋和食物垃圾，现在会主动捡拾草原垃圾、把垃圾带下山，可见他们改变的是处理垃圾的方式：A选项当地人依然靠挖冬虫夏草谋生，谋生方式没有改变，B穿越草原、C携带食物的方式都不是文中提到的改变内容，D选项正确。
4. 后文提到当地人主动捡拾垃圾、守护家园让环境变美，说明他们意识到要和自然友好共处，“live together with nature in harmony”就是和自然和谐共处的含义，所以harmony的中文意思是和谐，选B。
5. 逐一排除错误选项：A选项文中提到当地人依然靠卖冬虫夏草为生，不会不再售卖，表述错误；B选项文中提到当地年轻人要守护家园，没有说要离开，表述错误；D选项文中提到藏羚羊数量超过7万，没有说数量是最小的，表述错误；根据最后一句年轻人说会继续守护家园让它更美丽，可以推断出三江源自然保护区的未来会越来越好，C选项正确。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. C
【知识点】
细节理解题，词义猜测题，推理判断题
【点评】
本篇属于生态环保主题的记叙文类阅读理解，贴合当下的生态保护热点，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读最核心的三类题型，大部分题目都可以通过精准定位原文内容直接得到答案，整体难度梯度平缓，能够有效帮助学生巩固阅读定位解题的技巧，同时引导学生树立生态保护的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
