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五、阅读短文，回答问题
A forest is like a football group. It sounds unusual, but it's true. Each player does an important job, but they can't win by themselves, so they work together. The same is true of all plants and animals in a forest. They depend on each other to live. We call this an ecosystem.
There are three jobs in an ecosystem: producer, consumer and decomposer. The trees in the forest produce food by themselves. Giraffes themselves can't make their own food, so they consume or eat the trees' leaves. But sometimes hungry lions or other animals eat giraffes. When animals die, their bodies become part of the soil（土壤）and air to help the forest grow. So the ecosystem can keep on going.
Ecosystems come in lots of kinds and sizes. A backyard or even a big sea can be an ecosystem. The key thing is that an ecosystem has to be balanced. If there weren't animals to eat giraffes, giraffes would eat too many leaves. This wouldn't be good for the trees, and this would make it difficult for giraffes to find food. Different weather and natural disasters can change the ecosystems. Human activities like cutting down trees and hunting can also bring problems.
Ecosystems are everywhere. They play an important part in our life. It is necessary for us to do what we can to keep them working well.
每题的答案不超过8个词
1. How many jobs are there in an ecosystem?
2. If the crane lives mainly on small animals, what is it in an ecosystem according to Paragraph 2?
3. What's the most important thing in an ecosystem?
4. What may cause an ecosystem to change?
5. What can we do to help protect the ecosystem?
A forest is like a football group. It sounds unusual, but it's true. Each player does an important job, but they can't win by themselves, so they work together. The same is true of all plants and animals in a forest. They depend on each other to live. We call this an ecosystem.
There are three jobs in an ecosystem: producer, consumer and decomposer. The trees in the forest produce food by themselves. Giraffes themselves can't make their own food, so they consume or eat the trees' leaves. But sometimes hungry lions or other animals eat giraffes. When animals die, their bodies become part of the soil（土壤）and air to help the forest grow. So the ecosystem can keep on going.
Ecosystems come in lots of kinds and sizes. A backyard or even a big sea can be an ecosystem. The key thing is that an ecosystem has to be balanced. If there weren't animals to eat giraffes, giraffes would eat too many leaves. This wouldn't be good for the trees, and this would make it difficult for giraffes to find food. Different weather and natural disasters can change the ecosystems. Human activities like cutting down trees and hunting can also bring problems.
Ecosystems are everywhere. They play an important part in our life. It is necessary for us to do what we can to keep them working well.
每题的答案不超过8个词
1. How many jobs are there in an ecosystem?
Three.
2. If the crane lives mainly on small animals, what is it in an ecosystem according to Paragraph 2?
It is the consumer.
3. What's the most important thing in an ecosystem?
It has to be balanced./To keep it balanced.
4. What may cause an ecosystem to change?
Different weather, natural disasters and human activities.
5. What can we do to help protect the ecosystem?
We can stop people from cutting down trees.
答案
1. Three. 2. It is the consumer.
3. It has to be balanced./To keep it balanced.
4. Different weather, natural disasters and human activities.
5. We can stop people from cutting down trees.
3. It has to be balanced./To keep it balanced.
4. Different weather, natural disasters and human activities.
5. We can stop people from cutting down trees.
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，需根据每个问题的关键词定位原文对应内容，提取符合要求（不超8词）的答案。具体思路：1. 找生态系统的工作数量；2. 依据消费者定义判断鹤的角色；3. 定位生态系统的关键要素；4. 查找导致生态系统变化的因素；5. 提取保护生态系统的措施。
【解析】
1. 定位短文第二段第一句“There are three jobs in an ecosystem.”，得出数量为3。
2. 短文第二段指出consumer是不能自制食物、需消耗其他生物的角色，鹤以小动物为食，属于消费者。
3. 短文第三段明确“The key thing is that an ecosystem has to be balanced.”，即关键是保持平衡。
4. 短文第三段提到“Different weather and natural disasters can change the ecosystems. Human activities...can also bring problems.”，这些是变化因素。
5. 短文最后提及保护生态系统的措施，结合要求选取符合的表述。
【答案】
1. Three.
2. It is the consumer.
3. It has to be balanced.
4. Different weather, natural disasters and human activities.
5. We can stop people from cutting down trees.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，生态系统
【点评】
本题考查对文章细节信息的定位与提取，难度适中，需准确匹配问题与原文内容作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，需根据每个问题的关键词定位原文对应内容，提取符合要求（不超8词）的答案。具体思路：1. 找生态系统的工作数量；2. 依据消费者定义判断鹤的角色；3. 定位生态系统的关键要素；4. 查找导致生态系统变化的因素；5. 提取保护生态系统的措施。
【解析】
1. 定位短文第二段第一句“There are three jobs in an ecosystem.”，得出数量为3。
2. 短文第二段指出consumer是不能自制食物、需消耗其他生物的角色，鹤以小动物为食，属于消费者。
3. 短文第三段明确“The key thing is that an ecosystem has to be balanced.”，即关键是保持平衡。
4. 短文第三段提到“Different weather and natural disasters can change the ecosystems. Human activities...can also bring problems.”，这些是变化因素。
5. 短文最后提及保护生态系统的措施，结合要求选取符合的表述。
【答案】
1. Three.
2. It is the consumer.
3. It has to be balanced.
4. Different weather, natural disasters and human activities.
5. We can stop people from cutting down trees.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，生态系统
【点评】
本题考查对文章细节信息的定位与提取，难度适中，需准确匹配问题与原文内容作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
