一、根据汉语意思写单词。
1. Li Bai was considered one of the greatest
2. She has a loud voice. When she shouts, I feel I will be
3. I
4. The sunset painted the sky in a colourful mix of orange, pink and
5. Are there any
1. Li Bai was considered one of the greatest
poets
(诗人) throughout Chinese history.2. She has a loud voice. When she shouts, I feel I will be
deaf
(聋的).3. I
downloaded
(下载) a new app to learn English just now.4. The sunset painted the sky in a colourful mix of orange, pink and
purple
(紫色).5. Are there any
policewomen
(女警察) in your family?答案
1. poets
2. deaf
3. downloaded
4. purple
5. policewomen
2. deaf
3. downloaded
4. purple
5. policewomen
解析
【分析】
本题为根据汉语提示写单词的题型,需结合句子结构、语法规则(如单复数、时态、词性)确定单词的正确形式。具体思路:1. 看到“one of”,其后需接可数名词复数;2. 系动词后接形容词作表语;3. 时间状语提示动词时态;4. 直接对应名词词义;5. “any”后接可数名词复数,据此逐一推导。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”,“诗人”的英文是poet,复数形式为poets,故填poets;
2. 此处需形容词作表语,“聋的”对应的英文形容词是deaf,符合语境,故填deaf;
3. 时间状语“just now”(刚才)提示句子用一般过去时,“下载”的英文是download,过去式为downloaded,故填downloaded;
4. “紫色”对应的英文名词是purple,直接填写即可,故填purple;
5. “any”后接可数名词复数,“女警察”的英文是policewoman,复数形式为policewomen,故填policewomen。
【答案】
1. poets
2. deaf
3. downloaded
4. purple
5. policewomen
【知识点】
可数名词复数变化、一般过去时、形容词用法
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇填空题,主要考察核心词汇的拼写及语法形式变化,难度较低,适合巩固英语基础词汇的运用。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为根据汉语提示写单词的题型,需结合句子结构、语法规则(如单复数、时态、词性)确定单词的正确形式。具体思路:1. 看到“one of”,其后需接可数名词复数;2. 系动词后接形容词作表语;3. 时间状语提示动词时态;4. 直接对应名词词义;5. “any”后接可数名词复数,据此逐一推导。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”,“诗人”的英文是poet,复数形式为poets,故填poets;
2. 此处需形容词作表语,“聋的”对应的英文形容词是deaf,符合语境,故填deaf;
3. 时间状语“just now”(刚才)提示句子用一般过去时,“下载”的英文是download,过去式为downloaded,故填downloaded;
4. “紫色”对应的英文名词是purple,直接填写即可,故填purple;
5. “any”后接可数名词复数,“女警察”的英文是policewoman,复数形式为policewomen,故填policewomen。
【答案】
1. poets
2. deaf
3. downloaded
4. purple
5. policewomen
【知识点】
可数名词复数变化、一般过去时、形容词用法
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇填空题,主要考察核心词汇的拼写及语法形式变化,难度较低,适合巩固英语基础词汇的运用。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
composer rating electronic gift through
6. The film has gotten a high score on the movie
7. She is a(n)
8. Xian Xinghai is considered to be one of the greatest
9. People can keep healthy
10. An engineer is good at operating
composer rating electronic gift through
6. The film has gotten a high score on the movie
rating
website Douban.7. She is a(n)
gifted
girl who has great talent for painting and music.8. Xian Xinghai is considered to be one of the greatest
composers
in China.9. People can keep healthy
through
exercise and a balanced diet.10. An engineer is good at operating
electronic
devices(设备).答案
6. rating
7. gifted
8. composers
9. through
10. electronic
7. gifted
8. composers
9. through
10. electronic
解析
【分析】
先通读每个句子,理解句意,再结合方框内单词的词义和词性,根据句子结构和语法规则选择并变形单词:
6题:句子需表达“评分网站”,对应方框内rating(评分);
7题:需形容词修饰名词girl,方框内gift(天赋)变形容词gifted(有天赋的);
8题:“one of + 形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构,composer(作曲家)变复数composers;
9题:需介词表方式,方框内through(通过)符合句意;
10题:需形容词修饰名词devices,方框内electronic(电子的)符合。
【解析】
6. 句意:这部电影在豆瓣电影评分网站上获得了高分。rating作名词,意为“评分”,rating website是固定搭配“评分网站”,故填rating。
7. 句意:她是个有绘画和音乐天赋的女孩。gift是名词“天赋”,此处需要形容词修饰名词girl,故将gift变为形容词gifted“有天赋的”,填gifted。
8. 句意:冼星海被认为是中国最伟大的作曲家之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构,composer是可数名词“作曲家”,故填复数形式composers。
9. 句意:人们可以通过锻炼和均衡饮食保持健康。through是介词,意为“通过”,符合句意,故填through。
10. 句意:工程师擅长操作电子设备。electronic是形容词“电子的”,修饰名词devices,故填electronic。
【答案】
6. rating
7. gifted
8. composers
9. through
10. electronic
【知识点】
英语单词适当形式填空、形容词用法、名词复数
【点评】
本题考查方框内单词的适当形式填空,需结合句意、词性变化和固定搭配解题,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
先通读每个句子,理解句意,再结合方框内单词的词义和词性,根据句子结构和语法规则选择并变形单词:
6题:句子需表达“评分网站”,对应方框内rating(评分);
7题:需形容词修饰名词girl,方框内gift(天赋)变形容词gifted(有天赋的);
8题:“one of + 形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构,composer(作曲家)变复数composers;
9题:需介词表方式,方框内through(通过)符合句意;
10题:需形容词修饰名词devices,方框内electronic(电子的)符合。
【解析】
6. 句意:这部电影在豆瓣电影评分网站上获得了高分。rating作名词,意为“评分”,rating website是固定搭配“评分网站”,故填rating。
7. 句意:她是个有绘画和音乐天赋的女孩。gift是名词“天赋”,此处需要形容词修饰名词girl,故将gift变为形容词gifted“有天赋的”,填gifted。
8. 句意:冼星海被认为是中国最伟大的作曲家之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构,composer是可数名词“作曲家”,故填复数形式composers。
9. 句意:人们可以通过锻炼和均衡饮食保持健康。through是介词,意为“通过”,符合句意,故填through。
10. 句意:工程师擅长操作电子设备。electronic是形容词“电子的”,修饰名词devices,故填electronic。
【答案】
6. rating
7. gifted
8. composers
9. through
10. electronic
【知识点】
英语单词适当形式填空、形容词用法、名词复数
【点评】
本题考查方框内单词的适当形式填空,需结合句意、词性变化和固定搭配解题,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
三、用that、which或who填空。
11. Giving the dog a bath was a hard task
12. I can't forget the teachers and the school
13. Outside the house, there were a lot of people
14. Mike missed the bus
15. The girl
11. Giving the dog a bath was a hard task
which/that
needed a lot of careful work.12. I can't forget the teachers and the school
that
I visited two years ago.13. Outside the house, there were a lot of people
who/that
were laughing and talking.14. Mike missed the bus
which/that
started at 6:30 a.m.15. The girl
who/that
stands near the shop is my best friend Lily.答案
11. which/that
12. that
13. who/that
14. which/that
15. who/that
12. that
13. who/that
14. which/that
15. who/that
解析
【分析】
要解决这类定语从句填空问题,需遵循两个关键步骤:第一步,确定先行词(即被定语从句修饰的名词/代词);第二步,判断先行词在定语从句中充当的成分(通常为主语或宾语),再结合关系代词的用法规则选择合适的词:that可指代人或物,which仅指代物,who仅指代人;当先行词同时包含人和物时,只能用that。
【解析】
11. 先行词是task(物),定语从句中缺少主语,故可用which或that;
12. 先行词是teachers and the school(既包含人又包含物),此时只能用that,不能用which;
13. 先行词是people(人),定语从句中缺少主语,故可用who或that;
14. 先行词是bus(物),定语从句中缺少主语,故可用which或that;
15. 先行词是girl(人),定语从句中缺少主语,故可用who或that;
【答案】
11. which/that
12. that
13. who/that
14. which/that
15. who/that
【知识点】
定语从句关系代词的用法
【点评】
本题考查定语从句中关系代词的选用规则,是初中英语的基础考点,需学生牢记不同先行词对应的关系代词用法,尤其注意先行词同时包含人和物时只能用that的特殊情况,整体难度不大。
【难度系数】
0.6
要解决这类定语从句填空问题,需遵循两个关键步骤:第一步,确定先行词(即被定语从句修饰的名词/代词);第二步,判断先行词在定语从句中充当的成分(通常为主语或宾语),再结合关系代词的用法规则选择合适的词:that可指代人或物,which仅指代物,who仅指代人;当先行词同时包含人和物时,只能用that。
【解析】
11. 先行词是task(物),定语从句中缺少主语,故可用which或that;
12. 先行词是teachers and the school(既包含人又包含物),此时只能用that,不能用which;
13. 先行词是people(人),定语从句中缺少主语,故可用who或that;
14. 先行词是bus(物),定语从句中缺少主语,故可用which或that;
15. 先行词是girl(人),定语从句中缺少主语,故可用who或that;
【答案】
11. which/that
12. that
13. who/that
14. which/that
15. who/that
【知识点】
定语从句关系代词的用法
【点评】
本题考查定语从句中关系代词的选用规则,是初中英语的基础考点,需学生牢记不同先行词对应的关系代词用法,尤其注意先行词同时包含人和物时只能用that的特殊情况,整体难度不大。
【难度系数】
0.6
四、把下列简单句改为含定语从句的复合句。
16. I'll never forget the farm. I visited it in 2003.
I'll never forget the farm
17. The building is a middle school. It stands near the post office.
The building
18. The man teaches us English. He comes from Ningbo.
The man
19. The book is interesting. You lent it to me yesterday.
The book
20. My grandfather doesn't like red hats. Red hats are too bright for him.
My grandfather doesn't like red hats
16. I'll never forget the farm. I visited it in 2003.
I'll never forget the farm
that/which
I
visited
in 2003.17. The building is a middle school. It stands near the post office.
The building
that/which
stands
near the post office is
a middle school.18. The man teaches us English. He comes from Ningbo.
The man
who/that
teaches
us
English
comes from Ningbo.19. The book is interesting. You lent it to me yesterday.
The book
that/which
you
lent
to me yesterday is interesting.20. My grandfather doesn't like red hats. Red hats are too bright for him.
My grandfather doesn't like red hats
that/which
are
too bright for him.答案
16. that/which; I; visited
17. that/which; stands; is
18. who/that; teaches; us; English
19. that/which; you; lent
20. that/which; are
17. that/which; stands; is
18. who/that; teaches; us; English
19. that/which; you; lent
20. that/which; are
解析
【分析】
这类题的解题思路为:① 确定每个句子的先行词(即被定语从句修饰的名词);② 根据先行词指人还是指物,选择合适的关系代词(指人用who/that,指物用that/which);③ 将原句中修饰先行词的简单句调整为定语从句,去掉原句中重复指代先行词的代词(如it、them等),将定语从句放在先行词之后,完成复合句转换。
【解析】
16. 先行词是the farm(指物),选关系代词that/which;原句修饰部分为“I visited it”,去掉重复的it,调整为“I visited”,故填that/which I visited。
17. 先行词是the building(指物),选关系代词that/which;原句修饰部分为“It stands”,调整为“stands”;主句谓语为is,故填that/which stands is。
18. 先行词是the man(指人),选关系代词who/that;原句修饰部分为“He teaches us English”,调整为“teaches us English”,故填who/that teaches us English。
19. 先行词是the book(指物),选关系代词that/which;原句修饰部分为“You lent it to me”,去掉重复的it,调整为“you lent”,故填that/which you lent。
20. 先行词是red hats(指物,复数),选关系代词that/which;原句修饰部分为“Red hats are too bright”,调整为“are”,故填that/which are。
【答案】
16. that/which; I; visited
17. that/which; stands; is
18. who/that; teaches; us; English
19. that/which; you; lent
20. that/which; are
【知识点】
定语从句,关系代词的用法
【点评】
本题考查定语从句的基础转换,核心是掌握先行词与关系代词的匹配规则,属于英语语法中的基础应用题型,适合巩固定语从句的基本结构。
【难度系数】
0.6
这类题的解题思路为:① 确定每个句子的先行词(即被定语从句修饰的名词);② 根据先行词指人还是指物,选择合适的关系代词(指人用who/that,指物用that/which);③ 将原句中修饰先行词的简单句调整为定语从句,去掉原句中重复指代先行词的代词(如it、them等),将定语从句放在先行词之后,完成复合句转换。
【解析】
16. 先行词是the farm(指物),选关系代词that/which;原句修饰部分为“I visited it”,去掉重复的it,调整为“I visited”,故填that/which I visited。
17. 先行词是the building(指物),选关系代词that/which;原句修饰部分为“It stands”,调整为“stands”;主句谓语为is,故填that/which stands is。
18. 先行词是the man(指人),选关系代词who/that;原句修饰部分为“He teaches us English”,调整为“teaches us English”,故填who/that teaches us English。
19. 先行词是the book(指物),选关系代词that/which;原句修饰部分为“You lent it to me”,去掉重复的it,调整为“you lent”,故填that/which you lent。
20. 先行词是red hats(指物,复数),选关系代词that/which;原句修饰部分为“Red hats are too bright”,调整为“are”,故填that/which are。
【答案】
16. that/which; I; visited
17. that/which; stands; is
18. who/that; teaches; us; English
19. that/which; you; lent
20. that/which; are
【知识点】
定语从句,关系代词的用法
【点评】
本题考查定语从句的基础转换,核心是掌握先行词与关系代词的匹配规则,属于英语语法中的基础应用题型,适合巩固定语从句的基本结构。
【难度系数】
0.6
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