Ⅰ.根据课文补全句子,每空一词。
1. Peter thinks the
2. Guglielmo Marconi developed the idea of the radio in the
3. In 1901,a radio message was sent across the
4. The radio made the world much
5. The radio also had a big effect on
1. Peter thinks the
radio
is the most useful invention of all time.2. Guglielmo Marconi developed the idea of the radio in the
1890s
.3. In 1901,a radio message was sent across the
Atlantic
Ocean for the first time.4. The radio made the world much
smaller
.5. The radio also had a big effect on
music
and people could enjoy music from around the world more easily.答案
1. radio 2. 1890s 3. Atlantic 4. smaller 5. music
解析
【分析】本题为根据课文内容补全句子的题目,需结合所学课文的细节信息,回忆对应知识点完成填空:1. 结合课文中关于最有用发明的表述及后文围绕无线电的介绍确定第一空;2. 回忆马可尼研发无线电的时间确定第二空;3. 识记1901年跨大西洋无线电信息的相关地理常识确定第三空;4. 理解无线电对世界范围的影响确定第四空;5. 结合无线电对文化娱乐的作用确定最后一空。
【解析】1. 课文中明确提到无线电是有史以来最有用的发明,故填radio;2. 马可尼在19世纪90年代发展了无线电的构想,故填1890s;3. 1901年首次跨大西洋发送无线电信息,故填Atlantic;4. 无线电的出现让世界范围的联系更紧密,世界变得更小,故填smaller;5. 无线电对音乐领域有重大影响,人们能更轻松地享受世界各地的音乐,故填music。
【答案】1. radio 2. 1890s 3. Atlantic 4. smaller 5. music
【知识点】课文内容填空、词汇运用
【点评】本题考查对课文细节内容的掌握,属于基础题型,只要熟悉课文即可轻松完成。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 课文中明确提到无线电是有史以来最有用的发明,故填radio;2. 马可尼在19世纪90年代发展了无线电的构想,故填1890s;3. 1901年首次跨大西洋发送无线电信息,故填Atlantic;4. 无线电的出现让世界范围的联系更紧密,世界变得更小,故填smaller;5. 无线电对音乐领域有重大影响,人们能更轻松地享受世界各地的音乐,故填music。
【答案】1. radio 2. 1890s 3. Atlantic 4. smaller 5. music
【知识点】课文内容填空、词汇运用
【点评】本题考查对课文细节内容的掌握,属于基础题型,只要熟悉课文即可轻松完成。
【难度系数】0.8
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The radio
2. In 1901, the first radio message
3. Before the radio was invented, news
4. The world
5. Many new inventions like the television
6. The idea of wireless communication
1. The radio
was invented
(invent) by Guglielmo Marconi in the 1890s.2. In 1901, the first radio message
was sent
(send) across the Atlantic Ocean.3. Before the radio was invented, news
didn't spread/couldn't be spread
(not spread) around the world in seconds.4. The world
was made
(make) much smaller after the radio was widely used.5. Many new inventions like the television
were developed
(develop) after the radio appeared.6. The idea of wireless communication
was improved
(improve) a lot by Marconi in those years.答案
1. was invented 2. was sent 3. didn't spread/couldn't be spread 4. was made 5. were developed 6. was improved
解析
【分析】
做这类用所给单词适当形式填空的题,需分两步思考:1. 定时态:根据句子中的时间状语(如in the 1890s、In 1901等)确定用一般过去时;2. 定语态:判断主语和所给动词的逻辑关系,本题中所有句子的主语都是动作的承受者(如收音机被发明、信息被发送),因此需用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were + 动词过去分词”,同时还要注意主谓一致(单数主语用was,复数主语用were)和否定形式的变化。
【解析】
1. 时间状语in the 1890s表过去,主语the radio是单数,与动词invent是被动关系,故填was invented;
2. 时间In 1901表过去,主语the first radio message是单数,与动词send是被动关系,故填was sent;
3. 时间为过去,主语news不可数,表否定,可填主动形式表被动(didn't spread)或被动形式(couldn't be spread),符合语法即可;
4. 时间为过去,主语the world是单数,与动词make是被动关系,故填was made;
5. 时间after the radio appeared表过去,主语Many new inventions是复数,与动词develop是被动关系,故填were developed;
6. 时间in those years表过去,主语The idea是单数,与动词improve是被动关系,故填was improved。
【答案】
1. was invented 2. was sent 3. didn't spread/couldn't be spread 4. was made 5. were developed 6. was improved
【知识点】
一般过去时的被动语态;主谓一致;动词适当形式填空
【点评】
本题聚焦一般过去时被动语态的核心考点,结合时间状语判断时态、主语与动词的逻辑关系判断语态,同时兼顾主谓一致和否定形式,是初中英语语法的基础题型,需熟练掌握被动语态的基本结构。
【难度系数】
0.5
做这类用所给单词适当形式填空的题,需分两步思考:1. 定时态:根据句子中的时间状语(如in the 1890s、In 1901等)确定用一般过去时;2. 定语态:判断主语和所给动词的逻辑关系,本题中所有句子的主语都是动作的承受者(如收音机被发明、信息被发送),因此需用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were + 动词过去分词”,同时还要注意主谓一致(单数主语用was,复数主语用were)和否定形式的变化。
【解析】
1. 时间状语in the 1890s表过去,主语the radio是单数,与动词invent是被动关系,故填was invented;
2. 时间In 1901表过去,主语the first radio message是单数,与动词send是被动关系,故填was sent;
3. 时间为过去,主语news不可数,表否定,可填主动形式表被动(didn't spread)或被动形式(couldn't be spread),符合语法即可;
4. 时间为过去,主语the world是单数,与动词make是被动关系,故填was made;
5. 时间after the radio appeared表过去,主语Many new inventions是复数,与动词develop是被动关系,故填were developed;
6. 时间in those years表过去,主语The idea是单数,与动词improve是被动关系,故填was improved。
【答案】
1. was invented 2. was sent 3. didn't spread/couldn't be spread 4. was made 5. were developed 6. was improved
【知识点】
一般过去时的被动语态;主谓一致;动词适当形式填空
【点评】
本题聚焦一般过去时被动语态的核心考点,结合时间状语判断时态、主语与动词的逻辑关系判断语态,同时兼顾主谓一致和否定形式,是初中英语语法的基础题型,需熟练掌握被动语态的基本结构。
【难度系数】
0.5
Ⅲ. 句型转化
1. The Chinese invented papermaking thousands of years ago.(改为同义句)
Papermaking
2. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.(改为一般疑问句)
3. The first light bulb was created by Thomas Edison in 1879.(改为否定句)
The first light bulb
4. The first successful airplane flight was made by the Wright brothers in 1903.(对画线部分提问)
5. The first television was developed by John Logie Baird in the 1920s.(对画线部分提问)
1. The Chinese invented papermaking thousands of years ago.(改为同义句)
Papermaking
was
invented
in China thousands of years ago.2. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.(改为一般疑问句)
Was
the telephone invented
by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876?3. The first light bulb was created by Thomas Edison in 1879.(改为否定句)
The first light bulb
wasn't
created
by Thomas Edison in 1879.4. The first successful airplane flight was made by the Wright brothers in 1903.(对画线部分提问)
When
was
the first successful airplane flight made
by the Wright brothers?5. The first television was developed by John Logie Baird in the 1920s.(对画线部分提问)
Who
was
the first television developed
by in the 1920s?答案
1. was invented 2. Was;invented 3. wasn't created 4. When was made 5. Who was;developed
解析
【分析】
本题考查一般过去时被动语态的各类句型转换,解题思路如下:
1. 主动句转被动句:将原句动作承受者作为新主语,被动结构为“was/were + 动词过去分词”,结合主语单复数、时态确定be动词形式;
2. 被动句变一般疑问句:把句中be动词提前至句首,其余部分保持不变;
3. 被动句变否定句:在be动词后加not,可根据需要缩写;
4. 对时间提问:用疑问词When引导,再将be动词提前构成特殊疑问句;
5. 对动作执行者(人物)提问:用疑问词Who引导,再将be动词提前构成特殊疑问句。
【解析】
1. 原句为主动语态,主语The Chinese是动作执行者,宾语papermaking是动作承受者;转换为被动语态时,主语Papermaking为单数,时间是过去,be动词用was,invent的过去分词是invented,故填was invented;
2. 原句是一般过去时被动语态,be动词为was;改为一般疑问句时将was提前至句首,后面跟动词过去分词invented,故填Was; invented;
3. 原句是一般过去时被动语态,be动词为was;改为否定句时在was后加not,缩写为wasn't,后面跟动词过去分词created,故填wasn't created;
4. 画线部分是时间状语in 1903,用疑问词When提问;特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他”,be动词was提前,故填When was; made;
5. 画线部分是动作执行者John Logie Baird,用疑问词Who提问;特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 过去分词 + by + ...”,be动词was提前,故填Who was; developed。
【答案】
1. was invented 2. Was;invented 3. wasn't created 4. When was made 5. Who was;developed
【知识点】
一般过去时被动语态;句型转换
【点评】
本题围绕一般过去时被动语态的不同句式展开,是初中英语的基础核心考点,要求学生熟练掌握被动语态的结构及各类句型的转换规则,整体难度不大,牢记被动语态用法即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题考查一般过去时被动语态的各类句型转换,解题思路如下:
1. 主动句转被动句:将原句动作承受者作为新主语,被动结构为“was/were + 动词过去分词”,结合主语单复数、时态确定be动词形式;
2. 被动句变一般疑问句:把句中be动词提前至句首,其余部分保持不变;
3. 被动句变否定句:在be动词后加not,可根据需要缩写;
4. 对时间提问:用疑问词When引导,再将be动词提前构成特殊疑问句;
5. 对动作执行者(人物)提问:用疑问词Who引导,再将be动词提前构成特殊疑问句。
【解析】
1. 原句为主动语态,主语The Chinese是动作执行者,宾语papermaking是动作承受者;转换为被动语态时,主语Papermaking为单数,时间是过去,be动词用was,invent的过去分词是invented,故填was invented;
2. 原句是一般过去时被动语态,be动词为was;改为一般疑问句时将was提前至句首,后面跟动词过去分词invented,故填Was; invented;
3. 原句是一般过去时被动语态,be动词为was;改为否定句时在was后加not,缩写为wasn't,后面跟动词过去分词created,故填wasn't created;
4. 画线部分是时间状语in 1903,用疑问词When提问;特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他”,be动词was提前,故填When was; made;
5. 画线部分是动作执行者John Logie Baird,用疑问词Who提问;特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 过去分词 + by + ...”,be动词was提前,故填Who was; developed。
【答案】
1. was invented 2. Was;invented 3. wasn't created 4. When was made 5. Who was;developed
【知识点】
一般过去时被动语态;句型转换
【点评】
本题围绕一般过去时被动语态的不同句式展开,是初中英语的基础核心考点,要求学生熟练掌握被动语态的结构及各类句型的转换规则,整体难度不大,牢记被动语态用法即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
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