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Ⅳ. Reading comprehension.
①Food is one of the greatest cultural expressions of any society. From street food
to gourmet cuisine(美食佳肴), different parts of the world are known for their unique
flavours(风味) and dishes. Today I'll explore three most popular foods around the
world. Whether you're a foodie or not, you've probably heard of some of these
dishes.
②Pizza is perhaps the most famous Italian food around the world. The modern
birthplace of pizza is Naples. The original Neapolitan pizza, made with tomato jam and
mozzarella cheese(马苏里拉奶酪), has inspired(启发) many other kinds of food in
other parts of the world.
③Tacos are a beloved Mexican dish that has become a popular street food around
the world. The origins of tacos can be traced back(追溯) to the 18th century, when
Mexican silver miners used to wrap meat in small tortillas(玉米饼) for a quick and
easy lunch. Today, tacos come in many kinds and fillings, like black beans and
avocados(牛油果).
④Beijing roast duck is a traditional Chinese dish that originated in Beijing. The
duck is roasted until the skin is crispy(酥脆的) and then it is served with thin
pancakes, scallions(大葱), and a sweet bean sauce(甜面酱). Beijing roast duck has
been a popular food in China for centuries, and has become a beloved dish around the
world.
⑤Food is a universal language that brings people together and allows us to
experience different cultures and traditions.
(
A. ①/②③④/⑤ B. ①②/③④/⑤
C. ①②③/④⑤ D. ①/②③④⑤
(
A. Pizza can be dated back to the 18th century.
B. Tacos can be filled with black beans and avocados.
C. Beijing roast duck is a kind of food which is boiled in the hot water.
D. Naples is a place in China.
(
A. Delicious. B. Nice. C. Popular. D. Bored.
(
A. "Food". B. "Sports". C. "Nature". D. "Study".
①Food is one of the greatest cultural expressions of any society. From street food
to gourmet cuisine(美食佳肴), different parts of the world are known for their unique
flavours(风味) and dishes. Today I'll explore three most popular foods around the
world. Whether you're a foodie or not, you've probably heard of some of these
dishes.
②Pizza is perhaps the most famous Italian food around the world. The modern
birthplace of pizza is Naples. The original Neapolitan pizza, made with tomato jam and
mozzarella cheese(马苏里拉奶酪), has inspired(启发) many other kinds of food in
other parts of the world.
③Tacos are a beloved Mexican dish that has become a popular street food around
the world. The origins of tacos can be traced back(追溯) to the 18th century, when
Mexican silver miners used to wrap meat in small tortillas(玉米饼) for a quick and
easy lunch. Today, tacos come in many kinds and fillings, like black beans and
avocados(牛油果).
④Beijing roast duck is a traditional Chinese dish that originated in Beijing. The
duck is roasted until the skin is crispy(酥脆的) and then it is served with thin
pancakes, scallions(大葱), and a sweet bean sauce(甜面酱). Beijing roast duck has
been a popular food in China for centuries, and has become a beloved dish around the
world.
⑤Food is a universal language that brings people together and allows us to
experience different cultures and traditions.
(
A
)27. What is the structure of the passage?A. ①/②③④/⑤ B. ①②/③④/⑤
C. ①②③/④⑤ D. ①/②③④⑤
(
B
)28. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Pizza can be dated back to the 18th century.
B. Tacos can be filled with black beans and avocados.
C. Beijing roast duck is a kind of food which is boiled in the hot water.
D. Naples is a place in China.
(
C
)29. Which word can replace the word "beloved"?A. Delicious. B. Nice. C. Popular. D. Bored.
(
A
)30. In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?A. "Food". B. "Sports". C. "Nature". D. "Study".
答案
27.A 28.B 29.C 30.A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍世界特色美食的说明文，解题时可以按题型逐个梳理思路：
1. 做篇章结构题时，先逐段概括段落大意，判断段落之间的逻辑关系：首段引出主题，中间段落分别介绍三类美食，尾段总结升华，就能直接匹配结构划分。
2. 细节判断题需要把每个选项带回原文对应位置比对，排除和原文内容不符的错误选项，选出表述正确的项。
3. 词义猜测题要结合划线词所在句的上下文线索，通过后文给出的补充描述推断单词含义，再匹配同义选项。
4. 文章出处题要抓住全文核心主题，匹配对应杂志板块即可得出答案。
【解析】
27. 梳理各段逻辑：第①段总起全文，点明食物是文化的表达形式，引出本文要介绍全球三款热门美食；第②③④段分别独立介绍意大利披萨、墨西哥塔可、中国北京烤鸭三款美食的起源和特点，属于分述内容；第⑤段总结全文，点明食物是连接不同人群、承载多元文化的通用语言。全文为“总-分-总”结构，对应划分方式为①/②③④/⑤，选A。
28. 逐项核对原文信息：
A选项：原文第三段明确说明可追溯到18世纪的是塔可，不是披萨，表述错误；
B选项：原文第三段最后一句提到“Today, tacos come in many kinds and fillings, like black beans and avocados.”，说明塔可可以用黑豆和牛油果做馅料，表述正确；
C选项：原文第四段说明北京烤鸭是烘烤至外皮酥脆，并非水煮，表述错误；
D选项：原文第二段说明披萨是意大利美食，现代发源地那不勒斯是意大利的城市，不属于中国，表述错误。
因此选B。
29. 划线词beloved所在句的后半句提到塔可已经成为全球流行的街头美食，说明这个词的含义是“受人喜爱的、受欢迎的”，选项中Popular（受欢迎的）和它含义最接近，选C。
30. 全文围绕不同国家的特色饮食文化展开介绍，核心主题是美食，因此最可能出现在杂志的“Food”板块，选A。
【答案】
27.A 28.B 29.C 30.A
【知识点】
阅读理解结构判断，细节信息定位，词义猜测
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文阅读，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读常见的四类基础考点，既考察学生快速定位原文信息、梳理篇章逻辑的基础阅读能力，也能让学生了解不同国家的特色饮食，感知食物承载的文化属性。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍世界特色美食的说明文，解题时可以按题型逐个梳理思路：
1. 做篇章结构题时，先逐段概括段落大意，判断段落之间的逻辑关系：首段引出主题，中间段落分别介绍三类美食，尾段总结升华，就能直接匹配结构划分。
2. 细节判断题需要把每个选项带回原文对应位置比对，排除和原文内容不符的错误选项，选出表述正确的项。
3. 词义猜测题要结合划线词所在句的上下文线索，通过后文给出的补充描述推断单词含义，再匹配同义选项。
4. 文章出处题要抓住全文核心主题，匹配对应杂志板块即可得出答案。
【解析】
27. 梳理各段逻辑：第①段总起全文，点明食物是文化的表达形式，引出本文要介绍全球三款热门美食；第②③④段分别独立介绍意大利披萨、墨西哥塔可、中国北京烤鸭三款美食的起源和特点，属于分述内容；第⑤段总结全文，点明食物是连接不同人群、承载多元文化的通用语言。全文为“总-分-总”结构，对应划分方式为①/②③④/⑤，选A。
28. 逐项核对原文信息：
A选项：原文第三段明确说明可追溯到18世纪的是塔可，不是披萨，表述错误；
B选项：原文第三段最后一句提到“Today, tacos come in many kinds and fillings, like black beans and avocados.”，说明塔可可以用黑豆和牛油果做馅料，表述正确；
C选项：原文第四段说明北京烤鸭是烘烤至外皮酥脆，并非水煮，表述错误；
D选项：原文第二段说明披萨是意大利美食，现代发源地那不勒斯是意大利的城市，不属于中国，表述错误。
因此选B。
29. 划线词beloved所在句的后半句提到塔可已经成为全球流行的街头美食，说明这个词的含义是“受人喜爱的、受欢迎的”，选项中Popular（受欢迎的）和它含义最接近，选C。
30. 全文围绕不同国家的特色饮食文化展开介绍，核心主题是美食，因此最可能出现在杂志的“Food”板块，选A。
【答案】
27.A 28.B 29.C 30.A
【知识点】
阅读理解结构判断，细节信息定位，词义猜测
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文阅读，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读常见的四类基础考点，既考察学生快速定位原文信息、梳理篇章逻辑的基础阅读能力，也能让学生了解不同国家的特色饮食，感知食物承载的文化属性。
【难度系数】
0.8
