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二、阅读理解
Isn't it exciting to have young guys from all over the world sit together, debating(辩论) the hottest issues(议题) in Chinese? Don't you think it is cool to break down stereotypes(刻板印象) about countries on TV? If you say yes, *Informal Talks* has got you covered.
Firstly aired in 2015, this show gathers two Chinese hosts together with 11 “national representatives(代表)” from different countries, including the USA, Italy, Australia, Iran, Japan, and more. All the representatives sit around a meeting table, discussing different topics.
The show falls into two parts. The first part is “The Theory of Relativity of Global Culture”, which is about cultures in different countries. For example, they talked about gifts, homework and body languages. And when the theme came to the most popular sports in their country, it was lovely to see the Argentine representative argued with the German guy over whose football team was stronger.
The second part is a debate. Hosts bring up a topic in the form of a yes/no question, and the representatives take a side and explain their position(立场). The question could be, “I saw my friend cheat in the exam. Should I report it to the teacher?” or “Is it acceptable if I overstate(夸大) my abilities a little in a job interview?”
The show provides a chance for Chinese viewers to learn more about other nations, and the representatives break down stereotypes about their countries. For example, the Russian guy in Season 2 is quiet and non-drinking, in contrast with stereotypes of his country as the “fighting people”.
Timely and interesting topics, smart and humorous members, and high cultural value make the show go popular.
(
A. tell the reader what is going on in the show
B. explain why people like the show
C. introduce the topics in the show
D. give examples of discussions in the show
(
A. 与……相同
B. 与……相似
C. 与……形成对比
D. 与……有关
(
A. The topics they choose to discuss are very hot recently.
B. People who join in the debate are smart and humorous.
C. The show lets us know the differences between cultures.
D. The two Chinese hosts are very famous.
(
A. Meet Global Cultures at Informal Talks
B. Different Countries Have Different Cultures
C. Informal Talks: Come and Debate with Us
D. Breaking Down Stereotypes is Really Important
Isn't it exciting to have young guys from all over the world sit together, debating(辩论) the hottest issues(议题) in Chinese? Don't you think it is cool to break down stereotypes(刻板印象) about countries on TV? If you say yes, *Informal Talks* has got you covered.
Firstly aired in 2015, this show gathers two Chinese hosts together with 11 “national representatives(代表)” from different countries, including the USA, Italy, Australia, Iran, Japan, and more. All the representatives sit around a meeting table, discussing different topics.
The show falls into two parts. The first part is “The Theory of Relativity of Global Culture”, which is about cultures in different countries. For example, they talked about gifts, homework and body languages. And when the theme came to the most popular sports in their country, it was lovely to see the Argentine representative argued with the German guy over whose football team was stronger.
The second part is a debate. Hosts bring up a topic in the form of a yes/no question, and the representatives take a side and explain their position(立场). The question could be, “I saw my friend cheat in the exam. Should I report it to the teacher?” or “Is it acceptable if I overstate(夸大) my abilities a little in a job interview?”
The show provides a chance for Chinese viewers to learn more about other nations, and the representatives break down stereotypes about their countries. For example, the Russian guy in Season 2 is quiet and non-drinking, in contrast with stereotypes of his country as the “fighting people”.
Timely and interesting topics, smart and humorous members, and high cultural value make the show go popular.
(
A
)1. The writer uses the third and fourth paragraphs to .A. tell the reader what is going on in the show
B. explain why people like the show
C. introduce the topics in the show
D. give examples of discussions in the show
(
C
)2. What does the underlined phrase “*in contrast with*” in the fifth paragraph mean in Chinese?A. 与……相同
B. 与……相似
C. 与……形成对比
D. 与……有关
(
D
)3. Which of the following is NOT the reason why *Informal Talks* is so popular?A. The topics they choose to discuss are very hot recently.
B. People who join in the debate are smart and humorous.
C. The show lets us know the differences between cultures.
D. The two Chinese hosts are very famous.
(
A
)4. What's the best title for the passage?A. Meet Global Cultures at Informal Talks
B. Different Countries Have Different Cultures
C. Informal Talks: Come and Debate with Us
D. Breaking Down Stereotypes is Really Important
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一档文化交流类节目——《非正式会谈》。
1. A 推理判断题。第三段和第四段都是围绕着节目的流程和内容展开叙述的，目的是向读者详细地介绍这档节目。故选 A。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据画线部分前后文语境可知，上半句说一位俄罗斯代表安静并且不喝酒，下半句说大家对俄罗斯人“战斗民族”的刻板印象，所以该画线部分应该是“不同于，与……形成对比”的意思。故选 C。
3. D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Timely and interesting topics, smart and humorous members, and high cultural value make the show go popular.”可以判断 A、B、C 三项是这句话的同义替换，文中并没有提到主持人是否有名。故选 D。
4. A 标题归纳题。文章的重点是《非正式会谈》这个节目，而这个节目最大的看点就是世界上不同文化之间的碰撞交流。A 项符合这一特点，B、D 项没有提到节目，C 项没有把重点放在不同文化的碰撞交流上。故选 A。
1. A 推理判断题。第三段和第四段都是围绕着节目的流程和内容展开叙述的，目的是向读者详细地介绍这档节目。故选 A。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据画线部分前后文语境可知，上半句说一位俄罗斯代表安静并且不喝酒，下半句说大家对俄罗斯人“战斗民族”的刻板印象，所以该画线部分应该是“不同于，与……形成对比”的意思。故选 C。
3. D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Timely and interesting topics, smart and humorous members, and high cultural value make the show go popular.”可以判断 A、B、C 三项是这句话的同义替换，文中并没有提到主持人是否有名。故选 D。
4. A 标题归纳题。文章的重点是《非正式会谈》这个节目，而这个节目最大的看点就是世界上不同文化之间的碰撞交流。A 项符合这一特点，B、D 项没有提到节目，C 项没有把重点放在不同文化的碰撞交流上。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇介绍《非正式会谈》的说明文阅读，我们可以逐题梳理思路：
1. 先定位第1题对应的第三、第四段：两段分别介绍了节目的两大板块内容，整体是在讲解节目里的具体流程和内容设置，再逐一比对选项，排除不符合的选项即可得到答案。
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，我们可以结合划线短语前后的内容逻辑：前面说俄罗斯代表安静不喝酒，后面是大众对俄罗斯“战斗民族”的刻板印象，二者特征完全相反，就能推断出短语的含义。
3. 第3题要找不属于节目走红原因的选项，直接定位文章最后一段的原因描述，和选项逐一匹配，就能找出原文没有提到的内容。
4. 第4题选最佳标题，要确保标题同时覆盖核心主体《非正式会谈》和节目跨文化交流的核心特色，排除没有提到节目、或者只覆盖部分内容的错误选项即可。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：第三段介绍节目第一部分“全球文化相对论”的相关内容，第四段介绍节目第二部分的辩论环节，两段整体作用是向读者完整介绍该节目的具体内容设置，B选项“解释人们喜欢节目的原因”对应文章最后一段，C选项仅介绍主题、D选项仅举讨论案例都过于片面，不符合两段的整体作用，因此选A。
2. 词义猜测题：划线短语前描述第二季的俄罗斯代表性格安静、不饮酒，和大众认知里俄罗斯“战斗民族”的刻板印象特征完全相反，因此“in contrast with”的中文含义是“与……形成对比”，选C。
3. 细节理解题：根据文章末尾句“Timely and interesting topics, smart and humorous members, and high cultural value make the show go popular.”，可知A选项“讨论的话题是近期热点”、B选项“参与辩论的成员聪明幽默”、C选项“节目让我们了解文化差异”均是节目受欢迎的原因，全文从未提及两位中国主持人的知名度相关内容，因此D不属于节目走红的原因，选D。
4. 标题归纳题：全文核心主体是《非正式会谈》这档节目，核心内容是不同国家嘉宾交流本土文化、打破文化刻板印象。B、D选项完全没有提到核心主体节目，C选项仅突出辩论环节，没有体现节目跨文化交流的核心特色，只有A选项最贴合全文主旨，选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.A
【知识点】
说明文阅读，细节查找，主旨归纳
【点评】
本篇阅读选取学生熟悉的热门综艺作为主题，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读理解的典型考法，既考查学生快速定位原文信息的基础能力，也锻炼学生结合上下文逻辑推断段落作用、生词含义的能力，难度设置合理，能有效检测学生说明文阅读的综合解题水平。
【难度系数】
0.4
拿到这篇介绍《非正式会谈》的说明文阅读，我们可以逐题梳理思路：
1. 先定位第1题对应的第三、第四段：两段分别介绍了节目的两大板块内容，整体是在讲解节目里的具体流程和内容设置，再逐一比对选项，排除不符合的选项即可得到答案。
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，我们可以结合划线短语前后的内容逻辑：前面说俄罗斯代表安静不喝酒，后面是大众对俄罗斯“战斗民族”的刻板印象，二者特征完全相反，就能推断出短语的含义。
3. 第3题要找不属于节目走红原因的选项，直接定位文章最后一段的原因描述，和选项逐一匹配，就能找出原文没有提到的内容。
4. 第4题选最佳标题，要确保标题同时覆盖核心主体《非正式会谈》和节目跨文化交流的核心特色，排除没有提到节目、或者只覆盖部分内容的错误选项即可。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：第三段介绍节目第一部分“全球文化相对论”的相关内容，第四段介绍节目第二部分的辩论环节，两段整体作用是向读者完整介绍该节目的具体内容设置，B选项“解释人们喜欢节目的原因”对应文章最后一段，C选项仅介绍主题、D选项仅举讨论案例都过于片面，不符合两段的整体作用，因此选A。
2. 词义猜测题：划线短语前描述第二季的俄罗斯代表性格安静、不饮酒，和大众认知里俄罗斯“战斗民族”的刻板印象特征完全相反，因此“in contrast with”的中文含义是“与……形成对比”，选C。
3. 细节理解题：根据文章末尾句“Timely and interesting topics, smart and humorous members, and high cultural value make the show go popular.”，可知A选项“讨论的话题是近期热点”、B选项“参与辩论的成员聪明幽默”、C选项“节目让我们了解文化差异”均是节目受欢迎的原因，全文从未提及两位中国主持人的知名度相关内容，因此D不属于节目走红的原因，选D。
4. 标题归纳题：全文核心主体是《非正式会谈》这档节目，核心内容是不同国家嘉宾交流本土文化、打破文化刻板印象。B、D选项完全没有提到核心主体节目，C选项仅突出辩论环节，没有体现节目跨文化交流的核心特色，只有A选项最贴合全文主旨，选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.A
【知识点】
说明文阅读，细节查找，主旨归纳
【点评】
本篇阅读选取学生熟悉的热门综艺作为主题，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读理解的典型考法，既考查学生快速定位原文信息的基础能力，也锻炼学生结合上下文逻辑推断段落作用、生词含义的能力，难度设置合理，能有效检测学生说明文阅读的综合解题水平。
【难度系数】
0.4
