一、根据句意，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
normal, none, warm, injure, nose
1. It's important to cover your and mouth with a wet towel in heavy smoke.
2. —How many villagers get hurt in the earthquake?
—. Everyone ran to the square in time.
3. His right arm was by a piece of broken glass.
4. —Is it for children to feel scared during a storm?
—Yes, adults may also have such feelings.
5. Global is a problem facing human beings.

一、1. nose 2. None 3. injured
4. normal 5. warming

【分析】
做这类选词填空的题目，首先第一步要先通读方框内给出的所有备选词汇，明确每个单词的基础词义、可变换的词性形式，之后逐句分析句子的语境含义、判断空格处需要的词性和语义指向，匹配到对应词汇后再调整为符合语法要求的正确形式，最后把填好的内容代入句子通读，验证语义通顺、语法合规即可。
【解析】
1. 句意为：在浓烟中用湿毛巾捂住你的鼻子和嘴是很重要的。空格和后面的mouth构成并列的身体部位名词，结合备选词汇，nose（鼻子）完全符合语境，每个人仅有一个鼻子，直接填名词单数形式即可。
2. 句意为：——地震中有多少村民受伤？——没有人受伤，所有人都及时跑到了广场上。根据答句“所有人都及时撤离到广场”的提示，说明没有村民受伤，备选词none表示“没有一个人”，放在句首首字母需要大写。
3. 句意为：他的右臂被一块碎玻璃弄伤了。本句是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 动词过去分词”，动词injure意为“使受伤”，它的过去分词形式是injured。
4. 句意为：——孩子们在暴风雨期间感到害怕是正常的吗？——是的，成年人也会有这样的感受。本题符合固定句型it is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，形容词normal意为“正常的”，完全匹配语境含义。
5. 句意为：全球变暖是人类面临的一个问题。此处是科普类固定搭配global warming，意为“全球变暖”，需要把形容词warm变为动名词形式warming。
【答案】
1. nose 2. None 3. injured 4. normal 5. warming
【知识点】
选词填空，词形变换，固定短语
【点评】
本题结合生活场景、安全常识和基础语法考察词汇运用，考点覆盖被动语态结构、常见固定句型、科普类常用固定搭配，整体偏向基础，只要学生掌握备选词的基础词义，结合语境提示就能顺利推导答案，只有global warming这类固定术语需要日常积累留意。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、阅读理解。
A tsunami is a large number of great ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. These waves can travel across the ocean at hundreds of kilometers per hour, growing taller as they reach the shore. When a tsunami comes, it can flood coastal areas, destroy buildings, and sweep away cars and trees. People caught in the waves may be injured, with wounds from debris in the water or lose their lives.
There are often warning signs before a tsunami. The ocean may suddenly pull back, and the seabed comes out—this is a sign that a large wave is coming. If you see this, move to high ground immediately, even if there's no official warning. Tsunamis can hit the coast within minutes, so don't wait.
After a tsunami, many people lose their homes and feel helpless. It's normal to feel this way; allow yourself to accept these feelings. Sharing your experience with others can make you feel better. Help each other by passing out food or water, or just listening.
Remember, knowing the warning signs and acting quickly is the best way to survive during a tsunami.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()1. According to the text, which picture shows a tsunami?

()2. What are the possible results of a tsunami according to the text?
① It can flood coastal areas.
② It can destroy buildings.
③ It can make ocean waves smaller.
④ It can cause loss of life.
A. ①②③ B. ②③④
C. ①②④ D. ①③④
()3. What does the underlined word "sweep away" in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Take up. B. Take away.
C. Fix up. D. Put down.
()4. What can help people feel better after a tsunami?
A. Keeping their experience to themselves.
B. Refusing to talk to others.
C. Sharing their experience with others.
D. Staying alone in a quiet place.
()5. What is the main idea of the text?
A. How to prevent underwater earthquakes.
B. The causes, dangers, warnings and survival tips of tsunamis.
C. Why volcanic eruptions happen in the ocean.
D. How to rebuild homes after a tsunami.

二、1. C
2. C
3. B “sweep away cars and trees”与
“ flood coastal areas, destroy
buildings”在文中并列,均为海
啸的破坏行为,结合“海浪的冲
击力”可推断,该短语意为“冲
走、卷走”。故选B。
4. C 根据“Sharing your experience
with others can make you feel
better.”可知选C。
5. B 全文围绕海啸的成因、危害、预
警信号、生存技巧展开。故选B。

【分析】
这是一篇介绍海啸相关知识的科普类阅读理解，解题时可以按照题型逐个突破：第1题是图文匹配题，先从原文找到海啸的核心定义“巨型海浪”，再逐一比对四幅图片的场景，排除不符合的选项即可得到答案；第2题是细节判断题，回到原文第一段定位海啸的危害描述，逐一核对给出的四个说法，排除错误表述就能选出正确组合；第3题是词义猜测题，结合划线短语所在句的并列破坏语境，结合海啸的特征推断短语含义，再匹配选项选出同义表达；第4题是细节查找题，直接定位海啸灾后相关的段落，找到对应原句就能直接选出答案；第5题是主旨大意题，梳理全文各段落的核心内容，匹配最能覆盖全文内容的主旨选项即可。
【解析】
1. 由文章首句“A tsunami is a large number of great ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions”可知海啸的本质是巨型海洋巨浪，四幅图中A为雾景、B为森林火灾、D为火山喷发，只有C是巨型海浪的场景，符合海啸的特征，因此选C。
2. 定位原文第一段海啸的危害描述：“When a tsunami comes, it can flood coastal areas, destroy buildings, and sweep away cars and trees... or lose their lives”，可知①淹没沿海区域、②摧毁建筑、④造成人员伤亡都是海啸的后果，③“使海浪变小”和原文“growing taller as they reach the shore”的表述完全矛盾，排除③，因此正确组合是①②④，对应选项C。
3. 划线短语“sweep away”和“淹没沿海区域、摧毁建筑”并列，都是海啸带来的破坏行为，结合海浪的冲击力，可推断该短语含义为冲走、卷走。选项A意为占据，B意为带走、卷走，C意为修理，D意为放下，只有B和短语含义匹配，因此选B。
4. 定位原文第三段“Sharing your experience with others can make you feel better”，可知海啸过后和他人分享自身经历能帮助人们缓解负面情绪，对应选项C。
5. 全文第一段介绍海啸的成因与危害，第二段介绍海啸来临前的预警信号和应急避险方法，第三段介绍海啸灾后的心理调节与互助方式，最后一段总结海啸的生存要点，整体围绕海啸的成因、危害、预警、生存技巧展开，对应选项B。
【答案】
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B
【知识点】
细节理解，词义猜测，主旨大意
【点评】
本题属于难度适中的科普类阅读，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读的常见题型，既考查学生快速定位文本信息、结合语境推断语义的阅读能力，也向学生普及了海啸防灾避险的相关常识，解题时注意所有选项都要在原文找到对应依据，避免主观臆断出错。
【难度系数】
0.8