B
根据下面材料,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
Different countries have different ideas about manners—how you behave when you are eating. In England, table manners are important. Good table manners in England are as follows:
How to sit: You should sit up straight in your chair. It is not a good idea to lean(倾斜) forwards or backwards. When you eat, you should not lean towards the plate, but bring the knife, fork or spoon towards you. At the same time, do not put your elbows on the table, nor reach over someone's plate for something.
Using your finger: English people normally don't pick food up with their fingers when they are eating main courses. If you are not sure, the safest is to use your knife or fork. There are, however, some foods that are usually eaten with fingers. They include pizza, sandwiches, burgers, crisps and fruits.
Your mouth: It is not polite to talk with your mouth full of food, or to eat with your mouth open. And if possible, do not make any noises. Never lick(舔) your plate after eating.
How much to eat: It is possible to eat food that you have been offered, so a clear plate is a good plate. It shows that you enjoyed the food. If you can't finish everything and you need to leave a little, that's also okay. You could say something like "That was very nice, thank you, but I'm just too full to eat another bite."
()41. How should you sit when you are eating in England?
A. You should lean backwards.
B. You should lean forwards.
C. You should sit up straight in your chair.
D. You should lean against the chair.
()42. What food do Englishmen eat with their fingers?
A. Beef.
B. Pizza.
C. Chicken.
D. Mutton.
()43. What are good table manners in England?
A. Reach over someone's plate for something.
B. Lick your plate after eating.
C. Put your elbows on the table.
D. Eat an orange with fingers.
()44. What can we infer(推断) according to the passage?
A. Eating with the mouth closed is good manners.
B. We mustn't leave anything on the plate at any time.
C. Saying sorry means we are full.
D. Making noises is polite when eating.
()45. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The differences between England and China.
B. Good table manners in England.
C. The importance of table manners.
D. What are good manners?

41.C 解析:根据How to sit: You should sit up straight in your chair.可知,应该在椅子上坐直。故选C。
42.B 解析:根据There are, however, some foods that are usually eaten with fingers. They include pizza, sandwiches, burgers, crisps and fruits.可知pizza可以用手抓着吃,故选B。
43.D 解析:根据There are, however, some foods that are usually eaten with fingers. They include pizza, sandwiches, burgers, crisps and fruits.可知,水果可以用手吃。故选D。
44.A 解析:根据Your mouth: It is not polite to talk with your mouth full of food, or to eat with your mouth open.可知,满嘴食物时说话,或者张着嘴吃东西是不礼貌的。故选A。
45.B 解析:根据第一段“Good table manners in England are as follows:”可知,本文主要介绍了英国良好的餐桌礼仪。故选B。

【分析】
本题是一篇介绍英国餐桌礼仪的英语阅读理解题，共5道选择题，包含细节理解题和主旨大意题。解题思路为：先通读全文把握文章主旨，再针对每道题的题干关键词，定位到原文对应段落的相关语句，对比选项选出最佳答案；主旨题需重点关注文章主题句（如首段）。
【解析】
41. 细节理解题：根据原文“How to sit: You should sit up straight in your chair.”可知，在英国吃饭时应在椅子上坐直，对应选项C，故选C。
42. 细节理解题：根据原文“there are, however, some foods that are usually eaten with fingers. They include pizza, sandwiches, burgers, crisps and fruits.”可知，披萨是可用手吃的食物，对应选项B，故选B。
43. 细节理解题：根据原文“some foods that are usually eaten with fingers... include... fruits”可知，橙子（属于水果）可以用手吃；A、B、C选项均为不礼貌的餐桌行为，故选D。
44. 细节理解题：根据原文“it is not polite to... eat with your mouth open.”可知，张着嘴吃东西不礼貌，因此闭着嘴吃饭是良好礼仪，对应选项A；B、C、D选项均与原文内容不符，故选A。
45. 主旨大意题：根据首段“Good table manners in England are as follows:”及全文内容，本文主要介绍英国的良好餐桌礼仪，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】
41.C 42.B 43.D 44.A 45.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为说明文阅读理解，围绕英国餐桌礼仪展开，题目以基础细节题为主，仅1道主旨题，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.8