六、传统文化任务型阅读。（2025·江苏淮安·期中）
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
In China, writing brushes, inksticks, paper and inkstones are called the Four Treasures of Study.
The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery(陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel's(黄鼬的) tail hair are called langhao.
The inkstick is the pigment(颜料) used in writing and painting. The inkstick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality inkstick. As a result, the emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name "Li". From then on, the name of the Li Inkstick was widespread.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuanzhi appeared in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, where the xuan zhi is produced, it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later, he happened to see the ebony(黑檀) in the rivers. It was wet with water and turned white. Then he used the bark(树皮) to produce the world-famous xuanzhi.
The inkstone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Inkstones—Duan Inkstone, She Inkstone, Tao Inkstone and Chengni Inkstone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.
1. What are the writing brushes mainly made of?

2. Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor Li Yu?

3. Who was Kong Dan?

4. When did the Four Famous Inkstones appear?

5. What do you think of the Four Treasures of Study?

1. The hair of animals.
2. Because they produced a kind of high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.(答案不唯一)

【分析】
本题是关于中国文房四宝的任务型阅读题，解题思路为：先通读短文把握核心内容，再针对每个问题回到原文定位关键信息，细节题直接提取对应内容，开放性问题结合原文提及的文房四宝的用途、文化价值等合理作答。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段第二句“They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”，可直接得出答案。
2. 定位原文第三段：Xi Chao和儿子制作了高质量的墨锭，因此皇帝赐姓，对应答案。
3. 定位原文第四段“it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan...”，提取身份信息。
4. 定位原文第五段“The Ming and Qing Dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Inkstones...”，明确时间。
5. 开放性问题，结合原文中文房四宝用于书画、兼具欣赏价值等特点，合理表达看法即可，参考答案给出简洁合理的表述。
【答案】
1. The hair of animals.
2. Because they produced a kind of high-quality inkstick.
3. Cai Lun's pupil.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
5. They are useful.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、开放性表达
【点评】
本题结合中国传统文化命题，既考查学生从原文提取信息的能力，又设置开放性问题考查学生的综合表达，贴近学生认知，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6