二、词汇检测
A) 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空,使句子通顺。
1. The restaurant was closed because the kitchen was found to be (clean).
2. My brother (success) fixed his broken bike by watching online tutorials.
3. To protect endangered animals, this country has the (strict) hunting laws in the world.
4. In the future, all traffic lights in this city (control) by smart computers.
5. Since the programme began, more and more people have learned about weight (manage).
6. At present, the intelligent water rescue robot has been (wide) used in China.

A)1. unclean 2. successfully 3. strictest
4. will be controlled 5. management 6. widely

【分析】
本题为词汇检测题，需结合句意、词性要求、时态语态及比较等级规则，对括号内单词进行形式转换：1题根据句意判断需用形容词的反义词；2题修饰动词需用副词；3题有范围提示需用形容词最高级；4题根据时间状语和主谓关系需用一般将来时的被动语态；5题名词后需接名词；6题修饰动词需用副词。
【解析】
1. 句意：餐厅关门是因为厨房被发现不干净，故填clean的反义词unclean；
2. 修饰动词fixed需用副词，success的副词形式为successfully；
3. 范围“in the world”表三者以上比较，需用strict的最高级strictest；
4. 时间状语“in the future”表将来，主语traffic lights与control是被动关系，故填will be controlled；
5. weight后需接名词，manage的名词形式为management；
6. 修饰动词used需用副词，wide的副词形式为widely。
【答案】
A)1. unclean 2. successfully 3. strictest 4. will be controlled 5. management 6. widely
【知识点】
形容词与副词转换、形容词最高级、被动语态
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的形式变化及语法运用，涵盖词性转换、最高级、被动语态等核心考点，需掌握不同词性的用法规则，属于难度适中的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6

B) 根据首字母提示写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。
1. Thousands of tourists p into Mangshi during the last Water Festival.
2. I always try to use e products that don't harm the environment.
3. Millions of paper cups are used every day in the world, so r is necessary.
4. As one of the oldest cities in China, Luoyang also has the most dynasties, in t of 13.
5. Trees can keep s in place, so planting as many trees as possible is a good way to stop floods.
6. If nobody b traffic rules and everyone is careful enough, we can avoid most accidents.
7. Poor eating habits are among the main c of teen health problems.

B)1. poured 2. eco-friendly 3. recycling
4. total 5. soil 6. breaks 7. causes

【分析】本题为根据首字母提示完成单词的题型，需结合句子语境、语法规则及固定搭配确定单词。解题思路：先分析每句的语境含义，再结合首字母提示，考虑词性、时态、固定搭配等语法要求，逐一确定空缺单词。
【解析】1. 时间状语“during the last Water Festival”为过去时间，需用动词过去式，“pour into”表示“涌入”，故填poured；2. 修饰名词products需用形容词，结合“不伤害环境”的语境，填eco-friendly（环保的）；3. 前文提到大量使用纸杯，“回收”是必要的，动名词作主语，填recycling；4. 固定短语“in total of”意为“总共”，符合句意，填total；5. 树可固定土壤防洪，故填soil（土壤）；6. 主语nobody为单数，一般现在时动词用三单形式，“break traffic rules”表示“违反交通规则”，填breaks；7. 结合“青少年健康问题的主要原因”，用名词复数causes，故填causes。
【答案】1. poured 2. eco-friendly 3. recycling 4. total 5. soil 6. breaks 7. causes
【知识点】首字母填空，动词时态，固定搭配
【点评】本题为基础首字母填空题，考查核心词汇、词性运用及语境理解，涉及动词形式、形容词、名词等知识点，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.7

三、词汇运用
请认真阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式,使短文通顺、连贯。
Haimen is a modern town now. Great changes 1. (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people.
Local people used to live in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have 2. (happy) moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the southern part of town. Most people are used to travelling on 3. (busy) by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 4. (they) after a hard day's work.
Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 5. (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 6. (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with waste. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter carelessly in public, they 7. (punish).
People in the town are trying to be 8. (politeness) citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9. (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10. (mean) now.
Many hands make light work. People in Haimen believe that if they work together, they can surely make Haimen a better place.

1. have taken 2. happily 3. business
4. themselves 5. dropped 6. factories
7. will be punished 8. polite 9. to help
10. more meaningful

【分析】
本题为语境型词汇运用题，围绕海门的变化展开，需结合时态、词性转换、固定搭配、语态等知识点解题。解题时先通读短文理解语境，再根据每个空的语法结构、时间提示词、固定用法确定单词的正确形式，如看到“over the past few years”用现在完成时，修饰动词用副词，条件状语从句的被动语态等。
【解析】
1. 时间状语“over the past few years”（在过去几年里）是现在完成时的标志，主语great changes为复数，故填have taken。
2. 修饰动词moved需用副词，happy的副词形式是happily，故填happily。
3. 固定搭配on business意为“出差”，故填business。
4. 固定搭配relax oneself意为“放松自己”，主语为people，对应反身代词themselves，故填themselves。
5. 时间状语in the past（在过去）提示用一般过去时，drop的过去式是dropped，故填dropped。
6. factory是可数名词，此处指多个工厂的废物，需用复数形式factories，故填factories。
7. if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句主语they与punish是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态will be punished，填will be punished。
8. 修饰名词citizens需用形容词，politeness的形容词形式是polite，故填polite。
9. 固定结构“疑问词how+不定式”作discuss的宾语，故填to help。
10. much修饰形容词比较级，mean的形容词是meaningful，比较级为more meaningful，故填more meaningful。
【答案】
1. have taken 2. happily 3. business 4. themselves 5. dropped 6. factories 7. will be punished 8. polite 9. to help 10. more meaningful
【知识点】
现在完成时、词性转换、被动语态、反身代词、疑问词+不定式
【点评】
本题围绕城镇变化主题，综合考查初中核心语法与词汇知识，需结合语境分析语法结构，掌握常见固定搭配，难度适中，适合初中学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6