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五、阅读理解
If you see someone fall down suddenly, perhaps as a result of a heart attack, what can you do while you wait for professional help?
Chen Wenqiaochu set a good example when he was fourteen. He performed CPR on a staff person at his school, saving the man's life in 2013. According to medical experts, there is a "golden period"—the first four minutes of a heart attack. During this time, CPR is best for saving the person's life.
In August, 2020, all public schools nationwide were asked to provide CPR courses in China, as part of health education. CPR is not hard to grasp. All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient's chest(胸), and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs(肺).
Unluckily, less than one percent of Chinese adults have mastered the skill of CPR, while many have never heard of it. A 2019 survey from China Youth Daily showed that although 64. 6% of schools opened health education courses, the teaching results were not satisfactory.
Zhao Shengyu, a graduate from a high school, remembered her first time to be taught CPR in the class. "No model, video or practice was included. I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school," she said. According to her own experience, Zhao said more professional CPR courses in schools were necessary.
Most countries have attached importance to CPR training. It was shown in a survey in 2017 that more than half of Americans had received CPR training. Switzerland, Germany, France and some other countries have also provided CPR training.
(
A. The first four minutes after CPR.
B. The first four minutes before CPR.
C. The first four minutes of a heart attack.
D. The first four minutes before a heart attack.
(
A. Spread widely. B. Understand completely.
C. Repeat carefully. D. Think differently.
(
A. Because most students had never heard of CPR.
B. Because lots of countries provided CPR training.
C. Because her first CPR learnings had lots of mistakes.
D. Because experts advised students to master the skill of CPR.
(
A. The steps of performing CPR.
B. The people saved by CPR in China.
C. The recent situation of CPR courses in China.
D. The development of CPR training around the world.
If you see someone fall down suddenly, perhaps as a result of a heart attack, what can you do while you wait for professional help?
Chen Wenqiaochu set a good example when he was fourteen. He performed CPR on a staff person at his school, saving the man's life in 2013. According to medical experts, there is a "golden period"—the first four minutes of a heart attack. During this time, CPR is best for saving the person's life.
In August, 2020, all public schools nationwide were asked to provide CPR courses in China, as part of health education. CPR is not hard to grasp. All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient's chest(胸), and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs(肺).
Unluckily, less than one percent of Chinese adults have mastered the skill of CPR, while many have never heard of it. A 2019 survey from China Youth Daily showed that although 64. 6% of schools opened health education courses, the teaching results were not satisfactory.
Zhao Shengyu, a graduate from a high school, remembered her first time to be taught CPR in the class. "No model, video or practice was included. I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school," she said. According to her own experience, Zhao said more professional CPR courses in schools were necessary.
Most countries have attached importance to CPR training. It was shown in a survey in 2017 that more than half of Americans had received CPR training. Switzerland, Germany, France and some other countries have also provided CPR training.
(
C
)1. What is the "golden period" according to the passage?A. The first four minutes after CPR.
B. The first four minutes before CPR.
C. The first four minutes of a heart attack.
D. The first four minutes before a heart attack.
(
B
)2. What does the underlined word "grasp" in the passage probably mean?A. Spread widely. B. Understand completely.
C. Repeat carefully. D. Think differently.
(
C
)3. Why was more professional CPR training necessary according to Zhao Shengyu?A. Because most students had never heard of CPR.
B. Because lots of countries provided CPR training.
C. Because her first CPR learnings had lots of mistakes.
D. Because experts advised students to master the skill of CPR.
(
C
)4. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The steps of performing CPR.
B. The people saved by CPR in China.
C. The recent situation of CPR courses in China.
D. The development of CPR training around the world.
答案
五、1—4 CBCC
解析
【翻译】
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“According to medical experts, there is a 'golden period'—the first four minutes of a heart attack.”可知，心脏病发作的前四分钟是“黄金时期”，故选C。
2. 词义猜测题。根据后文“All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient's chest, and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs.”可知，CPR不难掌握，"grasp"在此处意为“完全理解、掌握”，对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第五段赵胜宇的表述“I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school”以及她基于自身经历提出的建议，可知她认为需要更专业的CPR培训是因为第一次学习的内容有很多错误，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。文章介绍了中国CPR的相关案例、全国要求开设CPR课程的规定、国内成年人CPR掌握率低的现状以及学校CPR课程存在的问题，还提及其他国家的情况，主要围绕中国CPR课程的现状展开，故选C。
【答案】
1—4 CBCC
【知识点】
细节查找、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文围绕心肺复苏（CPR）展开，考查学生对文章细节信息的捕捉、词义的语境推测及主旨的归纳概括能力，同时引导学生关注急救知识的学习，兼具知识性与实用性。
【难度系数】
0.6
如果你看到有人突然倒下，可能是心脏病发作的结果，在等待专业帮助的时候你能做些什么？
陈文桥初在十四岁时就树立了好榜样。2013年，他对学校的一名工作人员进行了心肺复苏术，挽救了这名男子的生命。根据医学专家的说法，有一个“黄金时期”——心脏病发作的前四分钟。在这段时间里，心肺复苏术是挽救病人生命的最佳方法。
2020年8月，全国所有公立学校被要求在中国开设心肺复苏术课程，作为健康教育的一部分。心肺复苏术不难掌握。人们所需要知道的就是如何观察和判断一个人是否心脏病发作，按压病人胸部的哪个部位（），以及如何从口腔向肺部吹气（）。
不幸的是，只有不到1%的中国成年人掌握了心肺复苏术，而许多人从未听说过它。《中国青年报》2019年的一项调查显示，尽管64。6%的学校开设了健康教育课程，教学效果不理想。
高中毕业生赵圣玉（音）还记得她第一次在课堂上学习心肺复苏术。“没有模型、视频或练习。当我再次在医学院接受培训后，我意识到我被教导的行为有很多错误，”她说。根据她自己的经验，赵说学校有必要开设更专业的心肺复苏术课程。
大多数国家都重视心肺复苏培训。2017年的一项调查显示，超过一半的美国人接受过心肺复苏培训。瑞士、德国、法国和其他一些国家也提供了心肺复苏培训。
【解析】1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“According to medical experts, there is a 'golden period'—the first four minutes of a heart attack.”可知，心脏病发作的前四分钟是“黄金时期”，故选C。
2. 词义猜测题。根据后文“All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient's chest, and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs.”可知，CPR不难掌握，"grasp"在此处意为“完全理解、掌握”，对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第五段赵胜宇的表述“I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school”以及她基于自身经历提出的建议，可知她认为需要更专业的CPR培训是因为第一次学习的内容有很多错误，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。文章介绍了中国CPR的相关案例、全国要求开设CPR课程的规定、国内成年人CPR掌握率低的现状以及学校CPR课程存在的问题，还提及其他国家的情况，主要围绕中国CPR课程的现状展开，故选C。
【答案】
1—4 CBCC
【知识点】
细节查找、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文围绕心肺复苏（CPR）展开，考查学生对文章细节信息的捕捉、词义的语境推测及主旨的归纳概括能力，同时引导学生关注急救知识的学习，兼具知识性与实用性。
【难度系数】
0.6
